The Ring-Type E3 Ubiquitin Ligase JUL1 Targets the VQ-Motif Protein JAV1 to Coordinate Jasmonate Signaling.

Jasmonates regulate plant defense and development. In Arabidopsis (), JASMONATE-ASSOCIATED VQ-MOTIF GENE1 (JAV1/VQ22) is a repressor of jasmonate-mediated defense responses and is degraded through the ubiquitin26S proteasome system after herbivory. We found that JAV1-ASSOCIATED UBIQUITIN LIGASE1 (JUL1), a RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase, interacted with JAV1.

Aureisphaera salina sp. nov., a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from an ascidian.

A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile, strictly aerobic, chemoheterotrophic, pale-yellow-pigmented bacterium, designated strain A6D-50T, was isolated from an ascidian collected at Kohama Island offshore Okinawa, Japan. Preliminary analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel isolate was affiliated with the family Flavobacteriaceae of the phylum Bacteroidetes and that it showed highest sequence similarity (97.6 %) to Aureisphaera galaxeae 04OKA003-7T.

Spongiimicrobium salis gen. nov., sp. nov., a bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a marine sponge.

A Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, pale-yellow pigmented, rod-shaped, chemoheterotrophic bacterium, designated A6F-11(T), was isolated from a marine sponge collected in Japan. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that the novel marine strain was affiliated with the family Flavobacteriaceae of the phylum Bacteroidetes and that it shared the highest (92.9 %) sequence similarity with Arenibacter palladensis LMG 21972(T).

Spongiiferula fulva gen. nov., sp. nov., a Bacterium of the Family Flavobacteriaceae Isolated from a Marine Sponge.

A Gram stain-negative, strictly aerobic, brown-pigmented, non-motile, rod-shaped, chemoheterotrophic bacterial strain-designated A6F-119(T) was isolated from a marine sponge (Rhabdastrella sp.). Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the new strain represented a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae of the phylum Bacteroidetes and that it showed highest sequence similarity (93 %) to Tenacibaculum maritimum NBRC 15946(T).

Isolation and characterization of a novel marine Bacteroidetes as Algitalea ulvae gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the green alga Ulva pertusa.

A polyphasic taxonomic investigation was performed on a bacterial strain, 38-Ka-2(T), which was isolated from the green alga Ulva pertusa Kjellman (Chlorophyta) in Hokkaido, Japan. The bacterial cells were observed to be golden-yellow coloured, Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, non-spore-forming, non-motile and rod-shaped. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that the new strain is a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae within the phylum Bacteroidetes and that it shows high sequence similarity (94.

Isolation and classification of a novel marine Bacteroidetes as Frondibacter aureus gen. nov., sp. nov.

A facultatively anaerobic, Gram-stain negative, golden-yellow pigmented, non-motile and rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain A5Q-67(T) was isolated from leaf litter collected at the mangrove estuary of Nakama River, Japan. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed the novel isolate was affiliated with the family Flavobacteriaceae of the phylum Bacteroidetes and that it showed highest sequence similarity (94.2 %) to Imtechella halotolerans K1(T).

Spongiivirga citrea gen. nov., sp. nov., a new marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a marine sponge.

A Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, lemon-yellow pigmented, non-motile, rod-shaped strain designated A7G-39(T) was isolated from a yellow coloured marine sponge (Tethya sp.). Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that the new strain represented a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae of the phylum Bacteroidetes and that it showed highest sequence similarity (94.

Citreitalea marina gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a marine red alga and emended description of the genus Gangjinia.

A Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, pale-yellow pigmented, rod-shaped bacterium designated A4O-5(T) was isolated from a red coloured marine alga (Chondrus ocellatus Holmes). Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that the new strain was affiliated with the family Flavobacteriaceae and shared approximately 90 % sequence similarity with Leptobacterium flavescens YM3-0301(T) and Gangjinia marincola GJ16(T). The strain could be differentiated phenotypically from the related members of the family Flavobacteriaceae.

Catalinimonas niigatensis sp. nov., a novel member of the family Catalimonadaceae within the phylum Bacteroidetes isolated from lake sediment.

A Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, reddish-pink-pigmented, non-motile, rod-shaped strain designated A6F-52(T) was isolated from a lake sediment sample. Preliminary analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel isolate could be affiliated with the family Catalimonadaceae of the phylum Bacteroidetes and that it showed highest sequence similarity (97.2%) to Catalinimonas alkaloidigena CNU-914(T).

Endozoicomonas numazuensis sp. nov., a gammaproteobacterium isolated from marine sponges, and emended description of the genus Endozoicomonas Kurahashi and Yokota 2007.

Two non-motile, rod-shaped gammaproteobacteria were isolated from marine sponges collected from the coast of Japan at Numazu. The isolates were oxidase- and catalase-positive facultative anaerobes that fermented carbohydrates. They required sodium ions for growth and were slightly halophilic, growing in the presence of 1.

Streptobactin, a tricatechol-type siderophore from marine-derived Streptomyces sp. YM5-799.

A new catechol-type siderophore, streptobactin (1), was isolated from a culture broth of the marine-derived actinomycete Streptomyces sp. YM5-799. The structure of streptobactin was determined by NMR and MS analyses and ESIMS/MS experiments to be a cyclic trimer of benarthin.

Aureibacter tunicatorum gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from a coral reef sea squirt, and description of Flammeovirgaceae fam. nov.

Two aerobic, Gram-reaction-negative, golden-yellow pigmented and rod-shaped bacteria, designated strains A5Q-118(T) and A5Q-27, were isolated from an unidentified sea squirt that thrives in the coral reefs off the coast of Okinawa, Japan. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel isolates were affiliated with the family 'Flammeovirgaceae' of the phylum Bacteroidetes. Strains A5Q-118(T) and A5Q-27 shared 100 % sequence similarity with each other and showed <92 % similarity with other cultivated members of the family 'Flammeovirgaceae'.

Rubritalea halochordaticola sp. nov., a carotenoid-producing verrucomicrobial species isolated from a marine chordate.

A gram-negative-staining, obligately aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped and chemoheterotrophic bacterium, designated strain MN1-1006(T), was isolated from an ascidian (sea squirt) sample, and was studied using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the new isolate shared approximately 93-99% sequence similarity with recognized species of the genus Rubritalea within the phylum 'Verrucomicrobia'. DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain MN1-1006(T) and Rubritalea squalenifaciens HOact23(T) and Rubritalea sabuli YM29-052(T) were 57% and 14.

Salinisporamycin, a novel metabolite from Salinispora arenicola. [corrected].

A new rifamycin antibiotic, salinisporamycin (1), has been isolated from a culture of a marine actinomycete. The producing organism was identified as Salinispora arenicola [corrected] on the basis of the 16S rRNA sequence. High-resolution FAB-MS established the molecular formula of 1 as C(33)H(43)NO(9).

Microbulbifer variabilis sp. nov. and Microbulbifer epialgicus sp. nov., isolated from Pacific marine algae, possess a rod-coccus cell cycle in association with the growth phase.

Phylogenetic and taxonomic characterization was performed for 14 strains of bacteria that produce anticancer antibiotics (pelagiomicins) (represented by strain Ni-2088(T)) and one strain that produces UV-absorbing substances (strain F-104(T)), isolated from marine algae and seagrass collected from coastal areas of tropical Pacific islands and a subtropical island of Japan. All 15 isolates were Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile and non-spore-forming. Sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene showed that the isolates occupied positions in the phylogenetic radiation of the genus Microbulbifer, with similarities of 93.

Thalassomonas actiniarum sp. nov. and Thalassomonas haliotis sp. nov., isolated from marine animals.

Two marine heterotrophic bacteria, A5K-61(T) and A5K-106(T), were isolated from marine animals. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis data showed that the isolates were affiliated with the genus Thalassomonas; highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values were found with Thalassomonas viridans DSM 13754(T) (97.5 and 98.

Paramoritella alkaliphila gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Moritellaceae isolated in the Republic of Palau.

Two strains of marine, heterotrophic, alkaliphilic bacteria, designated A3F-7(T) and ssthio04PA2-7c, were isolated from hard coral and marine sand, respectively, collected in the Republic of Palau. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolates were related to members of the genus Moritella. However, the sequence similarities between the isolates and the type strains of the Moritella species were less than 93 %.

Haloferula rosea gen. nov., sp. nov., Haloferula harenae sp. nov., Haloferula phyci sp. nov., Haloferula helveola sp. nov. and Haloferula sargassicola sp. nov., five marine representatives of the family Verrucomicrobiaceae within the phylum 'Verrucomicrobia'.

Six Gram-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped, chemoheterotrophic bacteria designated strains YM23-227(T), 06SJR1-1(T), AK18-024(T), 05IJR53-1(T), MN1-1037(T) and MN1-1047 were isolated from various marine environments and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Preliminary analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the novel isolates could be affiliated with the family Verrucomicrobiaceae of the phylum 'Verrucomicrobia'. The strains shared approximately 94-100 % sequence similarity with each other and showed less than 94 % similarity with members of the family Verrucomicrobiaceae with validly published names.

A novel diol-derivative of chalcone produced by bioconversion, 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-phenylpropan-1-one, activates PKA/MEK/ERK signaling and antagonizes Abeta-inhibition of the cascade in cultured rat CNS neurons.

Chalcone compounds have been widely studied for their anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, anti-invasive and anti-proliferative activities in various cell lines. However, their effects on the central nervous system (CNS) are still largely unexplored. We have recently developed a bioconversion system using a recombinant Escherichia coli that enables us to produce chemical compounds that are naturally rare and usually difficult to chemically synthesize.

Psychromonas heitensis sp. nov., a psychrotolerant bacterium isolated from seawater in Japan.

Four bacterial strains, 04HE-4-40, A4I-9, A4I-21 and AK15-027(T), were isolated from Heita Bay off Kamaishi in Japan. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the isolates were placed as a new lineage within the genus Psychromonas. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values between the isolates and type strains of recognized Psychromonas species were less than 97 %.

Efrapeptin J, a new down-regulator of the molecular chaperone GRP78 from a marine Tolypocladium sp.

A new down-regulator of the molecular chaperone GRP78, efrapeptin J, was isolated from a marine fungus, Tolypocladium sp. AMB18. The molecular formula of efrapeptin J was established as C(81)H(139)N(18)O(16)(+) by high-resolution FAB-MS.

New sulfoalkylresorcinol from marine-derived fungus, Zygosporium sp. KNC52.

A new sulfoalkylresorcinol (1) was isolated from the marine-derived fungus, Zygosporium sp. KNC52. The structure of 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic methods including MS and NMR, and the absolute stereochemistry was determined by the modified Mosher's method.