Effects of Temperature on Systemic Infection and Symptom Expression of Turnip mosaic virus in Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris).

Using the Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris) cultivar 'Chun-goang' as a host and turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) as a pathogen, we studied the effects of ambient temperature (13°C, 18°C, 23°C, 28°C and 33°C) on disease intensity and the speed of systemic infection. The optimal temperature for symptom expression of TuMV was 18-28°C. However, symptoms of viral infection were initiated at 23-28°C and 6 days post infection (dpi).

Gibberellin application at pre-bloom in grapevines down-regulates the expressions of VvIAA9 and VvARF7, negative regulators of fruit set initiation, during parthenocarpic fruit development.

Fruit set is initiated only after fertilization and is tightly regulated primarily by gibberellins (GAs) and auxins. The application of either of these hormones induces parthenocarpy, fruit set without fertilization, but the molecular mechanism underlying this induction is poorly understood. In the present study, we have shown that the parthenocarpic fruits induced by GA application at pre-bloom result from the interaction of GA with auxin signaling.

Transcriptional changes of gibberellin oxidase genes in grapevines with or without gibberellin application during inflorescence development.

The concept that gibberellin (GA) application on seeded grapevines induces seedlessness has been known for decades in viticulture. GA was applied to inflorescence clusters of seeded diploid grapevine cultivar 'Tamnara' (Vitis spp.) at 14 days before full bloom (DBF).

Fruit quality, anthocyanin and total phenolic contents, and antioxidant activities of 45 blueberry cultivars grown in Suwon, Korea.

Blueberry fruits from 45 commercial cultivars (39 northern highbush and 6 half highbush blueberry) grown in Suwon, Korea were analyzed for fruit size, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, total anthocyanin content, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity. Fruit characteristics varied widely among the 45 blueberry cultivars. Fruit weight ranged from 0.

Transcriptional profiling of ESTs responsive to Rhizobium vitis from 'Tamnara' grapevines (Vitis sp.).

Genes related with defense responses were screened from the cDNA library constructed with Rhizobium vitis-inoculated or salicylic acid (SA)-treated 'Tamnara' grapevine (Vitis sp.) leaves. Among 13,728 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from 'Tamnara' grapevine upon R.

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of alpha-cyclodextrin glucanotransferase isolated from Bacillus macerans.

Single crystals of alpha-cyclodextrin glucanotransferase isolated from Bacillus macerans have been grown with polyethylene glycol 6000 as a precipitating agent by sitting-drop vapour diffusion at room temperature. The crystals were suitable for X-ray analysis and diffracted to at least 2.0 A (space group P2(1)2(1)2(1)), with unit-cell parameters a = 66.