Treatment and disease management patterns for bacillus Calmette-Guérin unresponsive nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer in North America, Europe and Asia: A real-world data analysis.

Background: This study examined real-world treatment and management of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-unresponsive patients across 3 continents, including patients unable or unwilling to undergo cystectomy.

Materials And Methods: Physicians actively involved in managing patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer completed online case report forms for their 5 consecutive patients from the broad BCG-unresponsive population and a further 5 consecutive BCG-unresponsive patients who did not undergo cystectomy (in Japan, physicians provided a total of 5 patients across both cohorts).

Results: Most patients had received 1 (37%) or 2 (24%) maintenance courses of BCG.

Multi-country clinical practice patterns, including use of biomarkers, among physicians' treatment of BCG-unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

Background: Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) fails in a considerable proportion of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients despite treatment per recommended protocol. This real-world study aimed to understand the current patterns of treatment and disease management for the broad BCG-unresponsive NMIBC patient population, alongside collecting sufficient data on patients who do not undergo cystectomy.

Methods: This was a multicenter, retrospective survey of physicians treating BCG-unresponsive NMIBC patients.

Incidence of type 2 diabetes among patients exposed to the combination of pravastatin and paroxetine.

Purpose: This study evaluated the effects of concomitant pravastatin and paroxetine use on the incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A new-user retrospective cohort design was employed using data selected from US health insurance claims databases (OptumInsight and MarketScan) between July 1, 2002, and December 31, 2009. Patients included were of age ≥18; newly prescribed pravastatin or paroxetine; and enrolled in the database for ≥180 days prior to the index date (i.

The effect of hospital and surgeon volume on racial differences in recurrence-free survival after radical prostatectomy.

Objective: This study investigates associations between hospital and surgeon volume, and racial differences in recurrence after surgery for prostate cancer.

Methods: Data from the 1991 to 2002 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End-Results-Medicare database were examined for 962 black and 7387 white men who received surgery for prostate cancer within 6 months of diagnosis during 1993-1999. Cox regression models were used to estimate the relationships between volume (grouped in tertiles), recurrence or death, and race, controlling for age, Gleason grade, and comorbidity score.

Val153Met polymorphism of catechol-O-methyltransferase and prevalence of uterine leiomyomata.

The catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene encodes enzymes that inactivate catechol estrogens and may have a protective role in estrogen-induced tumorigenesis, such as uterine leiomyoma (fibroids). Val158Met is a common single-nucleotide polymorphism of the COMT gene (Ex4-12 G>A; rs4680) that results in a lower activity enzyme, increasing susceptibility to tumorigenesis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relation between the COMTVal158Met polymorphism and uterine fibroids.

Differences in resident characteristics and prevalence of urinary incontinence in nursing homes in the southeastern United States.

Background: Relatively little is known about differences in the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) by race and region in the United States.

Objectives: To use the 1999-2002 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Minimum Data Set (MDS), Atlanta Region, to investigate the prevalence of UI among African American and Caucasian residents of nursing homes (NH) in the southeastern United States.

Methods: A repeated-measures, two time-period design was employed.

Perceptions of participation in an observational epidemiologic study of cancer among African Americans.

Purpose: Recruitment and retention of African Americans in cancer research studies has become increasingly important. However, little is known about factors bearing on recruitment and retention in etiologic observational studies of cancer. We assessed perceptions and attitudes of African Americans towards participation in an observational epidemiologic study of cancer, and attitudes toward the data collection process.