Are remote health clinics primary health care focused? Validation of the Primary Health Care Engagement (PHCE) Scale for the Australian remote primary health care setting.

Aim: To test and validate a measure of primary health care (PHC) engagement in the Australian remote health context.

Background: PHC principles include quality improvement, community participation and orientation of health care, patient-centred continuity of care, accessibility, and interdisciplinary collaboration. Measuring the alignment of services with the principles of PHC provides a method of evaluating the quality of care in community settings.

Clinical deterioration as a nurse sensitive indicator in the out-of-hospital context: A scoping review.

Aims: To explore and summarise the literature on the concept of 'clinical deterioration' as a nurse-sensitive indicator of quality of care in the out-of-hospital context.

Design: The scoping review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Review and the JBI best practice guidelines for scoping reviews.

Methods: Studies focusing on clinical deterioration, errors of omission, nurse sensitive indicators and the quality of nursing and midwifery care for all categories of registered, enrolled, or licensed practice nurses and midwives in the out-of-hospital context were included regardless of methodology.

Failure to progress or just normal? A constructivist grounded theory of physiological plateaus during childbirth.

Background And Problem: During childbirth, one of the most common diagnoses of pathology is 'failure to progress', frequently resulting in labour augmentation and intervention cascades. However, failure to progress is poorly defined and evidence suggests that some instances of slowing, stalling and pausing labour patterns may represent physiological plateaus.

Aim: To explore how midwives conceptualise physiological plateaus and the significance such plateaus may have for women's labour trajectory and birth outcome.

Models of clinical supervision of relevance to remote area nursing & primary health care: A scoping review.

Introduction: Nurses in remote primary health care settings work in difficult conditions, in isolated and disadvantaged communities, and often must work beyond their scope to provide advanced assessments and treatments to support the community. Therefore, remote area nurses require support to develop their skills and knowledge to work safely within their full scope of practice. Clinical supervision is widely used in health professions for this purpose; however, models of supervision for nursing have not been implemented or evaluated within remote primary health care settings.

An examination of primary health care nursing service evaluation using the Donabedian model: A systematic review.

Nurses are key to the delivery of global primary health care services. However, there appears to be a lack of evaluation of primary health care nursing delivery models in the published literature. This evaluation is vital to the improvement of patient experiences, national and global health outcomes, and the justification of future investment in primary health care nursing services.

Nursing in a different world: Remote area nursing as a specialist-generalist practice area.

Objective: Remote area nurses provide primary health care services to isolated communities across Australia. They manage acute health issues, chronic illness, health promotion and emergency responses. This article discusses why their generalist scope of practice should be formally recognised as a specialist nursing practice area.

Remote area nursing: best practice or paternalism in action? The importance of consumer perspectives on primary health care nursing practice in remote communities.

This paper reports on a study that aimed to understand how remote area nurses implemented primary health care principles in the Australian remote health care setting. Twenty-four Registered Nurses and Nurse Practitioners who worked in remote health services without inpatient facilities were interviewed using constructivist grounded theory methods. Findings revealed that nurses in this study aimed to practice in a way that was guided by Indigenous empowerment and social justice.

The delivery of Primary Health Care in remote communities: A Grounded Theory study of the perspective of nurses.

Background: Australia has vast areas of desert, wilderness and offshore islands where nurses provide the majority of health care services. The residents of Australia's remote communities generally have poorer health status than their metropolitan counterparts. Despite recognition of Primary Health Care as a comprehensive model of acute and preventative care well suited to areas of high health and social need, there is little known about how nurses employ the Primary Health Care model in practice.

Revisiting the Pain Resource Nurse Role in Sustaining Evidence-Based Practice Changes for Pain Assessment and Management.

Background: Effective pain management is unlikely to occur without consistent and timely assessments. To improve assessment and management of pain, ward-based pain resource nurses were introduced in 2007 to facilitate hospital-wide evidence-based practice changes using three key targets. One-year post implementation of this quality improvement project, promising results were revealed.

Exploring the quality of life at the end of life (QUAL-E) instrument with Australian palliative care hospital patients: hurdles and directions.

The provision of care that enhances the quality of life at the end of life is a fundamental goal of palliative care services. This pilot study explored the application of the Quality of Life at the End of Life (QUAL-E) instrument in a sample of 52 patients who were hospitalized in two metropolitan Western Australian hospitals. Participants were given the option to complete the QUAL-E either as a self-report (n = 9, 17.

Nurse retention: a review of strategies to create and enhance positive practice environments in clinical settings.

Objectives: This paper summarises and critically reviews strategies identified in the literature which support retention of nurses by the creation and enhancement of positive practice environments in the clinical setting.

Design: Literature review.

Data Sources: A literature search was undertaken in February 2012 of major healthcare-related databases, Cinahlplus, Medline, and Proquest.

Reducing the risk of violence towards remote area nurses: a violence management toolbox.

Objective: To explore the knowledge of a panel of experts to develop possible ways of minimising the risk of occupational violence towards remote area nurses.

Design: The Delphi method using open-ended questionnaires and an online survey to measure support for suggested control measures.

Setting: Remote area nursing posts across Australia.