The relationship between abnormal fetoplacental Dopplers, angiogenic markers of placental dysfunction and adverse perinatal outcomes in diabetic pregnancies with small fetuses - A prospective study.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate differences in circulating maternal placental biomarkers and fetoplacental Dopplers in women with diabetes mellitus in pregnancy (DIP) with prenatally identified small fetuses (defined as <20th centile for gestational age) compared to women with small fetuses without DIP.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of women with DIP with small infants compared to a non-diabetic cohort with similarly small fetuses. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the effect of DIP on placental biomarkers, fetoplacental Dopplers, and adverse perinatal outcomes.

Utility of placental biomarkers and fetoplacental Dopplers in predicting likely placental pathology in early and late fetal growth restriction - A prospective study.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between placental abnormalities, placental biomarkers, and fetoplacental Dopplers in a cohort of pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction (FGR). We also ascertained the risk of perinatal mortality, severe neurological morbidity, and severe non-neurological morbidity by type of placental abnormality.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study.

The Relationship between Placental Shear Wave Elastography and Fetal Weight-A Prospective Study.

: The utility of shear wave elastography (SWE) as an adjunct to ultrasound biometry and Doppler velocimetry for the examination of placental dysfunction and suboptimal fetal growth is unclear. To date, limited data exist correlating the mechanical properties of placentae with fetal growth. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between placental shear wave velocity (SWV) and ultrasound estimated fetal weight (EFW), and to ascertain if placental SWV is a suitable proxy measure of placental function in the surveillance of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) pregnancies.

Yearling laryngeal function in Thoroughbreds that underwent a laryngoplasty differs from controls.

Background: Yearling laryngeal function (YLF) is frequently assessed at the time of sale and the outcomes of these assessments can have significant economic implications. The YLF of horses that subsequently underwent a prosthetic laryngoplasty (PL) is unknown.

Objectives: We hypothesised horses with YLF ≥grade II.

The influence of birthweight on mortality and severe neonatal morbidity in late preterm and term infants: an Australian cohort study.

Background: The aim of this study was to detail incidence rates and relative risks for severe adverse perinatal outcomes by birthweight centile categories in a large Australian cohort of late preterm and term infants.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of singleton infants (≥34 weeks gestation) between 2000 and 2018 in Queensland, Australia. Study outcomes were perinatal mortality, severe neurological morbidity, and other severe morbidity.

Prediction of preterm birth in women with fetal growth restriction - Is the weekly change in sFlt-1/PlGF ratio or PlGF levels useful?

Introduction: To assess the rate of change in soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1/placental growth factor (sFlt-1/PlGF) ratio and PlGF levels per week compared to a single sFlt-1/PlGF ratio or PlGF level to predict preterm birth for pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction.

Material And Methods: A prospective cohort study of pregnancies complicated by isolated fetal growth restriction. Maternal serum PlGF levels and the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio were measured at 4-weekly intervals from recruitment to delivery.

Five-minute Apgar score and risk of neonatal mortality, severe neurological morbidity and severe non-neurological morbidity in term infants - an Australian population-based cohort study.

Background: The aim of this study was to ascertain risks of neonatal mortality, severe neurological morbidity and severe non-neurological morbidity related to the 5-min Apgar score in early term (37-38 weeks), full term (39-40 weeks), late term (41-41 weeks), and post term (≥42 weeks) infants.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of 941,221 term singleton births between 2000 and 2018 in Queensland, Australia. Apgar scores at 5-min were categorized into five groups: Apgar 0 or 1, 2 or 3, 4-6, 7 or 8 and 9 or 10.

Prediction of preterm birth in growth-restricted and appropriate-for-gestational-age infants using maternal PlGF and the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio-A prospective study.

Objective: To assess the utility of placental growth factor (PlGF) levels and the soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1/placental growth factor (sFlt-1/PlGF) ratio to predict preterm birth (PTB) for infants with fetal growth restriction (FGR) and those appropriate for gestational age (AGA).

Design: Prospective, observational cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary maternity hospital in Australia.

Intimate partner violence is a significant risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Background: Globally, almost 30% of women report experiencing intimate partner violence. In Australia, intimate partner violence is estimated to affect 2.0% to 4.

Predictive utility of the fetal cerebroplacental ratio for hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy, severe neonatal morbidity and perinatal mortality in late-preterm and term infants.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of a low cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE), severe neonatal morbidity (SNM) and perinatal mortality (PNM).

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of late-preterm and term births at Mater Mothers' Hospital, Brisbane, between 2016 and 2020. Study outcomes were HIE, PNM and SNM (a composite of severe acidosis, Apgar score less than four at 5 min, severe respiratory distress or need for significant cardiopulmonary resuscitation at birth).

Survival Analysis of Training Methodologies and Other Risk Factors for Musculoskeletal Injury in 2-Year-Old Thoroughbred Racehorses in Queensland, Australia.

Musculoskeletal injuries remain a global problem for the Thoroughbred racing industry and there is conflicting evidence regarding the effect of age on the incidence of injuries. The ideal time to commence race training is strongly debated, with limited supporting literature. There is also conflicting evidence regarding the effect of high-speed exercise on musculoskeletal injuries.

A Prospective Study of Training Methods for Two-Year-Old Thoroughbred Racehorses in Queensland, Australia, and Analysis of the Differences in Training Methods between Trainers of Varying Stable Sizes.

Worldwide, musculoskeletal injuries remain a major problem for the Thoroughbred racing industry. There is a strong interest in developing training and management strategies to reduce the impact of musculoskeletal injuries, however, progress has been limited by studies reporting conflicting findings, and a limited understanding of the role of different training methods in preventing injury. There is little data on patterns of rest periods and exercise data and how these vary between trainers.

The Risk Factors for Musculoskeletal Injuries in Thoroughbred Racehorses in Queensland, Australia: How These Vary for Two-Year-Old and Older Horses and with Type of Injury.

Musculoskeletal injuries (MSI) continue to affect Thoroughbred racehorses internationally. There is a strong interest in developing training and management strategies to reduce their impact, however, studies of risk factors report inconsistent findings. Furthermore, many injuries and fatalities occur during training rather than during racing, yet most studies report racing data only.

Appraising the Welfare of Thoroughbred Racehorses in Training in Queensland, Australia: The Incidence, Risk Factors and Outcomes for Horses after Retirement from Racing.

There is international public concern regarding retirement of racehorses, including the reason for retirement and the outcome for horses after racing. However, there are currently no prospective studies investigating these factors. A recent independent inquiry in Queensland, Australia, highlighted that the true outcomes for horses after retirement from racing are largely unknown.

The Effect of Combined Training and Racing High-Speed Exercise History on Musculoskeletal Injuries in Thoroughbred Racehorses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Current Literature.

Despite over three decades of active research, musculoskeletal injuries (MSI) remain a global problem for the Thoroughbred (TB) racing industry. High-speed exercise history (HSEH) has been identified as an important risk factor for MSI. However, the nature of this relationship remains unclear, with an apparent protective effect of HSE against injury, before it becomes potentially harmful.

Appraising the Welfare of Thoroughbred Racehorses in Training in Queensland, Australia: The Incidence and Type of Musculoskeletal Injuries Vary between Two-Year-Old and Older Thoroughbred Racehorses.

Musculoskeletal injuries (MSI) remain a concerning cause of racehorse morbidity and mortality with important ethical and welfare consequences. Previous research examining risk factors for MSI report inconsistent findings. Age is thought to affect MSI risk, but, to date, there have been no prospective studies comparing MSI in two-year-old versus older horses.