Atypical presentation of anti-small ubiquitin-like modifier 1 and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody positive dermatomyositis presenting with significant inflammatory myopathy on biopsy and normal creatine kinase levels: A case report.

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies are characterized by chronic inflammation of skeletal muscle. The main subtypes of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies include dermatomyositis, polymyositis, and necrotizing autoimmune myopathies. Dermatomyositis is characterized by symmetrical proximal muscle weakness, distinctive skin lesions, and systemic manifestations.

Tissue-specific and endogenous protein labeling with split fluorescent proteins.

The ability to label proteins by fusion with genetically encoded fluorescent proteins is a powerful tool for understanding dynamic biological processes. However, current approaches for expressing fluorescent protein fusions possess drawbacks, especially at the whole organism level. Expression by transgenesis risks potential overexpression artifacts while fluorescent protein insertion at endogenous loci is technically difficult and, more importantly, does not allow for tissue-specific study of broadly expressed proteins.

Spontaneous Supercrystal Formation During a Strain-Engineered Metal-Insulator Transition.

Mott metal-insulator transitions possess electronic, magnetic, and structural degrees of freedom promising next-generation energy-efficient electronics. A previously unknown, hierarchically ordered, and anisotropic supercrystal state is reported and its intrinsic formation characterized in-situ during a Mott transition in a CaRuO thin film. Machine learning-assisted X-ray nanodiffraction together with cryogenic electron microscopy reveal multi-scale periodic domain formation at and below the film transition temperature (T ≈ 200-250 K) and a separate anisotropic spatial structure at and above T.

Unique case of lymphocytic hypophysitis with normal pituitary hormone serology mimicking a non-functioning pituitary adenoma.

Background: Lymphocytic hypophysitis is a rare autoimmune condition that usually presents during pregnancy and causes inflammation of the pituitary gland. Although the pathophysiology is not well understood, it often presents with headaches, visual disturbances, and symptoms of hypopituitarism. However, not all cases may present with hypopituitarism which can make this rare disease with an incidence of ~ 1 in 9 million much more difficult to diagnose.

Comparing Thickness and Doping-Induced Effects on the Normal States of Infinite-Layer Electron-Doped Cuprates: Is There Anything to Learn?

We grew SrLaCuO thin films and SrCuO/SrLaCuO/SrCuO trilayers by reflection high-energy diffraction-calibrated layer-by-layer molecular beam epitaxy, to study their electrical transport properties as a function of the doping and thickness of the central SrLaCuO layer. For the trilayer samples, as already observed in underdoped SLCO films, the electrical resistivity versus temperature curves as a function of the central layer thickness show, for thicknesses thinner than 20 unit cells, sudden upturns in the low temperature range with the possibility for identifying, in the normal state, the and a temperatures, respectively, separating high-temperature linear behavior and low-temperature quadratic dependence. By plotting the and values as a function of T for both the thin films and the trilayers, the data fall on the same curves.

Strong interlayer interactions in bilayer and trilayer moiré superlattices.

Moiré superlattices constructed from transition metal dichalcogenides have demonstrated a series of emergent phenomena, including moiré excitons, flat bands, and correlated insulating states. All of these phenomena depend crucially on the presence of strong moiré potentials, yet the properties of these moiré potentials, and the mechanisms by which they can be generated, remain largely open questions. Here, we use angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with submicron spatial resolution to investigate an aligned WS/WSe moiré superlattice and graphene/WS/WSe trilayer heterostructure.

Interfacial charge transfer and persistent metallicity of ultrathin SrIrO/SrRuO heterostructures.

Interface quantum materials have yielded a plethora of previously unknown phenomena, including unconventional superconductivity, topological phases, and possible Majorana fermions. Typically, such states are detected at the interface between two insulating constituents by electrical transport, but whether either material is conducting, transport techniques become insensitive to interfacial properties. To overcome these limitations, we use angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and molecular beam epitaxy to reveal the electronic structure, charge transfer, doping profile, and carrier effective masses in a layer-by-layer fashion for the interface between the Dirac nodal-line semimetal SrIrO and the correlated metallic Weyl ferromagnet SrRuO.

Vanishing nematic order beyond the pseudogap phase in overdoped cuprate superconductors.

During the last decade, translational and rotational symmetry-breaking phases-density wave order and electronic nematicity-have been established as generic and distinct features of many correlated electron systems, including pnictide and cuprate superconductors. However, in cuprates, the relationship between these electronic symmetry-breaking phases and the enigmatic pseudogap phase remains unclear. Here, we employ resonant X-ray scattering in a cuprate high-temperature superconductor [Formula: see text] (Nd-LSCO) to navigate the cuprate phase diagram, probing the relationship between electronic nematicity of the Cu 3 orbitals, charge order, and the pseudogap phase as a function of doping.

Interfacial Electron-Phonon Coupling Constants Extracted from Intrinsic Replica Bands in Monolayer FeSe/SrTiO_{3}.

The observation of replica bands by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy has ignited interest in the study of electron-phonon coupling at low carrier densities, particularly in monolayer FeSe/SrTiO_{3}, where the appearance of replica bands has motivated theoretical work suggesting that the interfacial coupling of electrons in the FeSe layer to optical phonons in the SrTiO_{3} substrate might contribute to the enhanced superconducting pairing temperature. Alternatively, it has also been recently proposed that such replica bands might instead originate from extrinsic final state losses associated with the photoemission process. Here, we perform a quantitative examination of replica bands in monolayer FeSe/SrTiO_{3}, where we are able to conclusively demonstrate that the replica bands are indeed signatures of intrinsic electron-boson coupling, and not associated with final state effects.

TAEL 2.0: An Improved Optogenetic Expression System for Zebrafish.

Inducible gene expression systems are valuable tools for studying biological processes. We previously developed an optogenetic gene expression system called TAEL that is optimized for use in zebrafish. When illuminated with blue light, TAEL transcription factors dimerize and activate gene expression downstream of the TAEL-responsive C120 promoter.

Amorphization mechanism of SrIrO electrocatalyst: How oxygen redox initiates ionic diffusion and structural reorganization.

The use of renewable electricity to prepare materials and fuels from abundant molecules offers a tantalizing opportunity to address concerns over energy and materials sustainability. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is integral to nearly all material and fuel electrosyntheses. However, very little is known about the structural evolution of the OER electrocatalyst, especially the amorphous layer that forms from the crystalline structure.

Effects of Anisotropic Strain on Spin-Orbit Torque Produced by the Dirac Nodal Line Semimetal IrO.

We report spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance studies of the efficiency of the damping-like (ξ) spin-orbit torque exerted on an adjacent ferromagnet film by current flowing in epitaxial (001) and (110) IrO thin films. IrO possesses Dirac nodal lines (DNLs) in the band structure that are gapped by spin-orbit coupling, which could enable a very high spin Hall conductivity, σ. We find that the (001) films do exhibit exceptionally high ξ ranging from 0.

Realization of Epitaxial Thin Films of the Topological Crystalline Insulator Sr SnO.

Topological materials are derived from the interplay between symmetry and topology. Advances in topological band theories have led to the prediction that the antiperovskite oxide Sr SnO is a topological crystalline insulator, a new electronic phase of matter where the conductivity in its (001) crystallographic planes is protected by crystallographic point group symmetries. Realization of this material, however, is challenging.

Electronic nematicity in SrRuO.

We have measured the angle-resolved transverse resistivity (ARTR), a sensitive indicator of electronic anisotropy, in high-quality thin films of the unconventional superconductor SrRuO grown on various substrates. The ARTR signal, heralding the electronic nematicity or a large nematic susceptibility, is present and substantial already at room temperature and grows by an order of magnitude upon cooling down to 4 K. In SrRuO films deposited on tetragonal substrates the highest-conductivity direction does not coincide with any crystallographic axis.

Chlorine evolution reaction electrocatalysis on RuO(110) and IrO(110) grown using molecular-beam epitaxy.

We report the electrocatalysis of the chlorine evolution reaction (CER) on well-defined RuO(110) and IrO(110) surfaces. RuO and IrO are known for their capabilities to catalyze the CER. Until now, the CER measurements have only been reported on well-defined RuO surfaces and only at high Cl concentrations.

Engineering Carrier Effective Masses in Ultrathin Quantum Wells of IrO_{2}.

The carrier effective mass plays a crucial role in modern electronic, optical, and catalytic devices and is fundamentally related to key properties of solids such as the mobility and density of states. Here we demonstrate a method to deterministically engineer the effective mass using spatial confinement in metallic quantum wells of the transition metal oxide IrO_{2}. Using a combination of in situ angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements in conjunction with precise synthesis by oxide molecular-beam epitaxy, we show that the low-energy electronic subbands in ultrathin films of rutile IrO_{2} have their effective masses enhanced by up to a factor of 6 with respect to the bulk.

Lifshitz transition from valence fluctuations in YbAl.

In mixed-valent Kondo lattice systems, such as YbAl, interactions between localized and delocalized electrons can lead to fluctuations between two different valence configurations with changing temperature or pressure. The impact of this change on the momentum-space electronic structure is essential for understanding their emergent properties, but has remained enigmatic. Here, by employing a combination of molecular beam epitaxy and in situ angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy we show that valence fluctuations can lead to dramatic changes in the Fermi surface topology, even resulting in a Lifshitz transition.

Influence of Surface Adsorption on the Oxygen Evolution Reaction on IrO(110).

A catalyst functions by stabilizing reaction intermediates, usually through surface adsorption. In the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), surface oxygen adsorption plays an indispensable role in the electrocatalysis. The relationship between the adsorption energetics and OER kinetics, however, has not yet been experimentally measured.

Electron Doping of the Parent Cuprate La_{2}CuO_{4} without Cation Substitution.

In the cuprates, carrier doping of the Mott insulating parent state is necessary to realize superconductivity as well as a number of other exotic states involving charge or spin density waves. Cation substitution is the primary method for doping carriers into these compounds, and is the only known method for electron doping in these materials. Here, we report electron doping without cation substitution in epitaxially stabilized thin films of La_{2}CuO_{4} grown via molecular-beam epitaxy.

Hierarchical spin-orbital polarization of a giant Rashba system.

The Rashba effect is one of the most striking manifestations of spin-orbit coupling in solids and provides a cornerstone for the burgeoning field of semiconductor spintronics. It is typically assumed to manifest as a momentum-dependent splitting of a single initially spin-degenerate band into two branches with opposite spin polarization. Combining polarization-dependent and resonant angle-resolved photoemission measurements with density functional theory calculations, we show that the two "spin-split" branches of the model giant Rashba system BiTeI additionally develop disparate orbital textures, each of which is coupled to a distinct spin configuration.

Polycrystalline graphene with single crystalline electronic structure.

We report the scalable growth of aligned graphene and hexagonal boron nitride on commercial copper foils, where each film originates from multiple nucleations yet exhibits a single orientation. Thorough characterization of our graphene reveals uniform crystallographic and electronic structures on length scales ranging from nanometers to tens of centimeters. As we demonstrate with artificial twisted graphene bilayers, these inexpensive and versatile films are ideal building blocks for large-scale layered heterostructures with angle-tunable optoelectronic properties.