Quantitative electroencephalography to assess post-stroke functional disability: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) is a non-invasive, reliable and easily accessible modality to assess neuronal activity. QEEG in acute stroke may predict short and long-term functional outcomes. The role of individual indices has not been studied in a meta-analysis.

The moving wave: Applications of the mobile EEG approach to study human attention.

Although historically confined to traditional research laboratories, electroencephalography (EEG) paradigms are now being applied to study a wide array of behaviors, from daily activities to specialized tasks in diverse fields such as sports science, neurorehabilitation, and education. This transition from traditional to real-world mobile research can provide new tools for understanding attentional processes as they occur naturally. Early mobile EEG research has made progress, despite the large size and wired connections.

Fast Optical Signals for Real-Time Retinotopy and Brain Computer Interface.

A brain-computer interface (BCI) allows users to control external devices through brain activity. Portable neuroimaging techniques, such as near-infrared (NIR) imaging, are suitable for this goal. NIR imaging has been used to measure rapid changes in brain optical properties associated with neuronal activation, namely fast optical signals (FOS) with good spatiotemporal resolution.

Recommendations and publication guidelines for studies using frequency domain and time-frequency domain analyses of neural time series.

Since its beginnings in the early 20th century, the psychophysiological study of human brain function has included research into the spectral properties of electrical and magnetic brain signals. Now, dramatic advances in digital signal processing, biophysics, and computer science have enabled increasingly sophisticated methodology for neural time series analysis. Innovations in hardware and recording techniques have further expanded the range of tools available to researchers interested in measuring, quantifying, modeling, and altering the spectral properties of neural time series.

Metabolomic Fingerprint of Behavioral Changes in Response to Full-Spectrum Cannabis Extracts.

Numerous existing full-spectrum cannabis extract products have been used in clinical trials for the treatment of various diseases. Despite their efficacy, the clinical use of some of these full-spectrum cannabis extracts is limited by behavioral side effects such as cognitive dysfunction and impaired motor skills. To better understand what constitutes cannabis-induced behavioral effects, our objective was to identify a novel panel of blood-based metabolites that are predictive, diagnostic, and/or prognostic of behavioral effects.

To see, not to see or to see poorly: Perceptual quality and guess rate as a function of electroencephalography (EEG) brain activity in an orientation perception task.

Detection of visual stimuli fluctuates over time, and these fluctuations have been shown to correlate with time domain evoked activity and frequency-domain periodic activity. However, it is unclear if these fluctuations are related to a change in guess rate, perceptual quality or both. Here we determined whether the quality of perception randomly varies across trials or is fixed so that the variability is the same.

EEG in motion: Using an oddball task to explore motor interference in active skateboarding.

Recent advancements in portable computer devices have opened new avenues in the study of human cognition outside research laboratories. This flexibility in methodology has led to the publication of several electroencephalography studies recording brain responses in real-world scenarios such as cycling and walking outside. In the present study, we tested the classic auditory oddball task while participants moved around an indoor running track using an electric skateboard.

Aerobic Fitness Unrelated to Acquisition of Spatial Relational Memory in College-Aged Adults.

While compelling evidence indicates that poorer aerobic fitness relates to impairments in retrieving information from hippocampal-dependent memory, there is a paucity of research on how aerobic fitness relates to the acquisition of such relational information. Accordingly, the present investigation examined the association between aerobic fitness and the rate of encoding spatial relational memory-assessed using a maximal oxygen consumption test and a spatial configuration task-in a sample of 152 college-aged adults. The findings from this investigation revealed no association between aerobic fitness and the acquisition of spatial relational memory.

Predicting stroke severity with a 3-min recording from the Muse portable EEG system for rapid diagnosis of stroke.

In this study, we demonstrated the use of low-cost portable electroencephalography (EEG) as a method for prehospital stroke diagnosis. We used a portable EEG system to record data from 25 participants, 16 had acute ischemic stroke events, and compared the results to age-matched controls that included stroke mimics. Delta/alpha ratio (DAR), (delta + theta)/(alpha + beta) ratio (DBATR) and pairwise-derived Brain Symmetry Index (pdBSI) were investigated, as well as head movement using the on-board accelerometer and gyroscope.

The time course of moral perception: an ERP investigation of the moral pop-out effect.

Humans are highly attuned to perceptual cues about their values. A growing body of evidence suggests that people selectively attend to moral stimuli. However, it is unknown whether morality is prioritized early in perception or much later in cognitive processing.

A ride in the park: Cycling in different outdoor environments modulates the auditory evoked potentials.

In this study, we investigated the effect of environmental sounds on ERPs during an auditory task, by having participants perform the same dual task in two different outdoor environments. Participants performed an auditory oddball task while cycling outside both in a quiet park and near a noisy roadway. While biking near the roadway, an increased N1 amplitude was observed when evoked by both standard and target tones.

The ecological cocktail party: Measuring brain activity during an auditory oddball task with background noise.

Most experiments using EEG recordings take place in highly isolated and restricted environments, limiting their applicability to real-life scenarios. New technologies for mobile EEG are changing this by allowing EEG recording to take place outside of the laboratory. However, before results from experiments performed outside the laboratory can be fully understood, the effects of ecological stimuli on brain activity during cognitive tasks must be examined.

Electrophysiological correlates of hyperoxia during resting-state EEG in awake human subjects.

Recreational use of concentrated oxygen has increased. Claims have been made that hyperoxic breathing can help reduce fatigue, increase alertness, and improve attentional capacities; however, few systematic studies of these potential benefits exist. Here, we examined the effects of short-term (15 min) hyperoxia on resting states in awake human subjects by measuring spontaneous EEG activity between normoxic and hyperoxic situations, using a within-subject design for both eyes-opened and eyes-closed conditions.

Publisher Correction: Large-area MRI-compatible epidermal electronic interfaces for prosthetic control and cognitive monitoring.

In Fig. 4c of this Article, the scale bar units were incorrectly stated as 'μV'; the correct units are 'mV'. The figure has now been amended accordingly.

Publisher Correction: Large-area MRI-compatible epidermal electronic interfaces for prosthetic control and cognitive monitoring.

In Fig. 4c of this Article originally published, the bottom y axis was incorrectly labelled as 'MRI-ECG (μV)'; the correct label is 'MRI/ECG'. In addition, in Fig.

Large-area MRI-compatible epidermal electronic interfaces for prosthetic control and cognitive monitoring.

Skin-interfaced medical devices are critically important for diagnosing disease, monitoring physiological health and establishing control interfaces with prosthetics, computer systems and wearable robotic devices. Skin-like epidermal electronic technologies can support these use cases in soft and ultrathin materials that conformally interface with the skin in a manner that is mechanically and thermally imperceptible. Nevertheless, schemes so far have limited the overall sizes of these devices to less than a few square centimetres.

Two-Layered and Stretchable e-Textile Patches for Wearable Healthcare Electronics.

Wearable healthcare systems require skin-adhering electrodes that allow maximal comfort for patients as well as an electronics system to enable signal processing and transmittance. Textile-based electronics, known as "e-textiles," is a platform technology that allows comfort for patients. Here, two-layered e-textile patches are designed by controlled permeation of Ag-particle/fluoropolymer composite ink into a porous textile.

Increasing the mobility of EEG data collection using a Latte Panda computer.

Background: Electroencephalography (EEG) experiments often require several computers to ensure accurate stimulus presentation and data collection. However, this requirement can make it more difficult to perform such experiments in mobile settings within, or outside, the laboratory.

New Method: Computer miniaturisation and increasing processing power allow for EEG experiments to become more portable.

Entrainment of theta, not alpha, oscillations is predictive of the brightness enhancement of a flickering stimulus.

Frequency-dependent brightness enhancement, where a flickering light can appear twice as bright as an equiluminant constant light, has been reported to exist within the alpha (8-12 Hz) band. Could oscillatory neural activity be driving this perceptual effect? Here, in two experiments, human subjects reported which of two flickering stimuli were brighter. Strikingly, 4 Hz stimuli were reported as brighter more than 80% of the time when compared to all other tested frequencies, even though all stimuli were equiluminant and of equal temporal length.

Does 10-Hz Cathodal Oscillating Current of the Parieto-Occipital Lobe Modulate Target Detection?

The phase of alpha (8-12 Hz) brain oscillations have been associated with moment to moment changes in visual attention and awareness. Previous work has demonstrated that endogenous oscillations and subsequent behavior can be modulated by oscillating transcranial current stimulation (otCS). The purpose of the current study is to establish the efficacy of cathodal otCS for modulation of the ongoing alpha brain oscillations, allowing for modulation of individual's visual perception.

Duck Eats Rabbit: Exactly Which Type of Relational Phrase Can Disambiguate the Perception of Identical Side by Side Ambiguous Figures?

Many individuals cannot at first see two ambiguous figures as different interpretations simultaneously, even with effort. Here in a large sample replication, we find that the phrase "duck eats rabbit" allows those who could not see a duck and rabbit side by side to do so. In a second experiment, we show that a relational phrase "next to" that does not disambiguate the spatial position interpretation does not similarly allow the duck to be seen next to the rabbit, supporting the proposal that top-down semantic-framing can influence perception of ambiguous figures.

Taking off the training wheels: Measuring auditory P3 during outdoor cycling using an active wet EEG system.

Mobile EEG allows the investigation of brain activity in increasingly complex environments. In this study, EEG equipment was adapted for use and transportation in a backpack while cycling. Participants performed an auditory oddball task while cycling outside and sitting in an isolated chamber inside the lab.

Noncontact measurement of emotional and physiological changes in heart rate from a webcam.

Heart rate, measured in beats per minute, can be used as an index of an individual's physiological state. Each time the heart beats, blood is expelled and travels through the body. This blood flow can be detected in the face using a standard webcam that is able to pick up subtle changes in color that cannot be seen by the naked eye.

Your brain on bikes: P3, MMN/N2b, and baseline noise while pedaling a stationary bike.

Increasingly, there is a trend to measure brain activity in more ecologically realistic scenarios. Normally, the confines of the laboratory and sedentary tasks mitigate sources of electrical noise on EEG measurement. Moving EEG outside of the lab requires understanding of the impact of complex movements and activities on traditional EEG and ERP measures.

Regulating the Access to Awareness: Brain Activity Related to Probe-related and Spontaneous Reversals in Binocular Rivalry.

Research on the neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) has implicated an assortment of brain regions, ERP components, and network properties associated with visual awareness. Recently, the P3b ERP component has emerged as a leading NCC candidate. However, typical P3b paradigms depend on the detection of some stimulus change, making it difficult to separate brain processes elicited by the stimulus itself from those associated with updates or changes in visual awareness.