The Effects of Whole-Body Exercise on Swallowing Function in Older Adults With Parkinson's Disease: A Proof-of-Principle Study.

Purpose: Rodent models suggest that when respiratory demands increase during an exercise program, tongue and thyroarytenoid muscles engage to maintain a patent airway, leading to increased muscle strength. This suggests that nonspecific exercises that increase respiratory rate may improve swallowing. As such, the purpose of this proof-of-principle study was to determine the potential for whole-body exercise to improve tongue strength, cough strength, and self-reported swallowing function in older adults with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Tuning the visible colour of octahedral manganese(III) phthalocyanines axial ligand exchange.

A series of [PcMnL]SbF complexes (Pc = phthalocyanine) was synthesized and structurally characterized by stripping the chloride from PcMnCl with AgSbF in -dichlorobenzene and adding a range of donor ligands (L = THF, pyridine, -dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), PhPO, -methylimidazole (MeIm), MeCN) to the resulting solution. Addition of or exposure to water where L = heterocyclic amines yielded μ-oxo complexes of the form [PcMnL]O, which were structurally characterized for L = DMAP and MeIm. The [PcMnL]SbF complexes have an increased solubility in organic solvents, where the axial ligands inhibit the characteristic ring π-π aggregation of PcM complexes.

UAS™-A Urine Preservative for Oncology Applications.

Liquid biopsy is a revolutionary tool that is gaining momentum in the field of cancer research. As a body fluid, urine can be used in non-invasive diagnostics for various types of cancer. We investigated the performance of UAS™ as a preservative for urinary analytes.

Myeloid-specific deletion of activating transcription factor 6 alpha increases CD11b macrophage subpopulations and aggravates lung fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, fibrotic interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology. The accumulation of macrophages is associated with disease pathogenesis. The unfolded protein response (UPR) has been linked to macrophage activation in pulmonary fibrosis.

Type I Interferon Signaling is Required for Oncostatin-M Driven Inflammatory Responses in Mouse Lung.

Type I interferons (IFNs) consist of a group of structurally similar cytokines that play an integral role in regulating the immune response to combat lung infections. In certain models type I IFNs have also been associated with suppression of Th2-skewed immune and inflammatory responses. Transient pulmonary overexpression of the gp130 cytokine Oncostatin M (OSM) by Adenovirus vector (AdOSM) induces a robust Th2-skewed cytokine/inflammatory profile in C57Bl/6 murine lungs.

Peekbank: An open, large-scale repository for developmental eye-tracking data of children's word recognition.

The ability to rapidly recognize words and link them to referents is central to children's early language development. This ability, often called word recognition in the developmental literature, is typically studied in the looking-while-listening paradigm, which measures infants' fixation on a target object (vs. a distractor) after hearing a target label.

Effectiveness of the Lorodent Probiotic Lozenge in Reducing Plaque and Levels in Orthodontic Patients: A Double-Blind Randomized Control Trial.

Orthodontic patients are at a significant risk for oral diseases due to increased plaque accumulation and oral bacterial dysbiosis. We aimed to determine the efficacy of the commercially available Lorodent Probiotic Complex at reducing plaque accumulation and bacterial levels in adolescent orthodontic patients. Sixty adolescents undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment for a minimum of 6 months were recruited in a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial.

Acceptability of capnography-assisted respiratory therapy: a new mind-body intervention for COPD.

Dyspnoea self-management is often suboptimal for patients with COPD. Many patients with COPD experience chronic dyspnoea as distressing and disabling, especially during physical activities. Breathing therapy is a behavioural intervention that targets reducing the distress and impact of dyspnoea on exertion in daily living.

Streptococcus salivarius inhibits immune activation by periodontal disease pathogens.

Background: Periodontal disease represents a major health concern. The administration of beneficial microbes has been increasing in popularity over efforts to manipulate the microbes using antimicrobial agents. This study determined the ability of Streptococcus salivarius to inhibit IL-6 and IL-8 production by gingival fibroblasts when activated by periodontal pathogens and their effect on the salivary microbiome.

Analytic reproducibility in articles receiving open data badges at the journal : an observational study.

For any scientific report, repeating the original analyses upon the original data should yield the original outcomes. We evaluated analytic reproducibility in 25 articles awarded open data badges between 2014 and 2015. Initially, 16 (64%, 95% confidence interval [43,81]) articles contained at least one 'major numerical discrepancy' (>10% difference) prompting us to request input from original authors.

Food from faeces: Evaluating the efficacy of scat DNA metabarcoding in dietary analyses.

Scat DNA metabarcoding is increasingly being used to track the feeding ecology of elusive wildlife species. This approach has greatly increased the resolution and detection success of prey items contained in scats when compared with other classical methods. However, there have been few studies that have systematically tested the applicability and reliability of this approach to study the diet of large felids species in the wild.

Children flexibly seek visual information to support signed and spoken language comprehension.

During grounded language comprehension, listeners must link the incoming linguistic signal to the visual world despite uncertainty in the input. Information gathered through visual fixations can facilitate understanding. But do listeners flexibly seek supportive visual information? Here, we propose that even young children can adapt their gaze and actively gather information for the goal of language comprehension.

childes-db: A flexible and reproducible interface to the child language data exchange system.

The Child Language Data Exchange System (CHILDES) has played a critical role in research on child language development, particularly in characterizing the early language learning environment. Access to these data can be both complex for novices and difficult to automate for advanced users, however. To address these issues, we introduce childes-db, a database-formatted mirror of CHILDES that improves data accessibility and usability by offering novel interfaces, including browsable web applications and an R application programming interface (API).

Data availability, reusability, and analytic reproducibility: evaluating the impact of a mandatory open data policy at the journal .

Access to data is a critical feature of an efficient, progressive and ultimately self-correcting scientific ecosystem. But the extent to which in-principle benefits of data sharing are realized in practice is unclear. Crucially, it is largely unknown whether published findings can be reproduced by repeating reported analyses upon shared data ('analytic reproducibility').

Efficacy of Dentaq® Oral and ENT Health Probiotic Complex on Clinical Parameters of Gingivitis in Patients Undergoing Fixed Orthodontic Treatment: A Pilot Study.

Objectives: Probiotics act as a unique approach to maintaining oral health by supplementing the endogenous oral bacteria with additional naturally occurring beneficial microbes to provide defense against pathogens harmful to teeth and gingiva. The aim of this pilot study was to clinically evaluate the effects of probiotics on plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation in subjects with fixed orthodontics.

Methods: The pilot study was comprised of 15 healthy patients, aged 11 to 18 years, undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment.

The influence of the human microbiome and probiotics on cardiovascular health.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death worldwide. Of the many etiological factors, microorganisms constitute one. From the local impact of the gut microbiota on energy metabolism and obesity, to the distal association of periodontal disease with coronary heart disease, microbes have a significant impact on cardiovascular health.

Endogenous biotin expression in renal and testicular tumours and literature review.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to examine endogenous biotin levels in tumour specimens collected from patients with renal and testicular tumours and compare them to the surrounding non-neoplastic surgical margin.

Methods: Frozen samples were obtained from the Ontario Tumour Bank. Renal and testicular tumour tissue were included in this study.

Preschoolers trust novel members of accurate speakers' groups and judge them favourably.

By age 3, children track a speaker's record of past accuracy and use it as a cue to current reliability. Two experiments (N=95 children) explored whether preschoolers' judgements about, and trust in, the accuracy of a previously reliable informant extend to other members of the informant's group. In Experiment 1, both 3- and 4-year-olds consistently judged an animated character who was associated with a previously accurate speaker more likely to be correct than a character associated with a previously inaccurate speaker, despite possessing no information about these characters' individual records of reliability.

Ochratoxin A is not detectable in renal and testicular tumours.

Introduction: Ochratoxin-A (OTA) is one of the most abundant food-contaminating mycotoxins, known for its nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, gonadotoxicity, teratogenicity, immunosuppression and carcinogenesis. OTA has been linked to several genitourinary pathologies, including Balkan nephropathy and genitourinary malignancies. We examine OTA levels in serum samples and tumour specimens collected from patients with renal and testicular tumours.