Efficacy and safety of upadacitinib in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and inadequate response or intolerance to biological treatments: results through 5 years from the SELECT-BEYOND study.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib over 5 years among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a long-term extension (LTE) of the SELECT-BEYOND phase 3 trial.

Methods: Patients refractory to ≥1 biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) received upadacitinib 15 mg or 30 mg once daily or placebo, in combination with background conventional synthetic DMARD(s). At week 12, patients randomised to placebo were switched to upadacitinib 15 mg or 30 mg.

Microbial community dissimilarity for source tracking with application in forensic studies.

Microbial source-tracking is a useful tool for trace evidence analysis in Forensics. Community-wide massively parallel sequencing profiles can bypass the need for satellite microbes or marker sets, which are unreliable when handling unstable samples. We propose a novel method utilizing Aitchison distance to select important suspects/sources, and then integrate it with existing algorithms in source tracking to estimate the proportions of microbial sample coming from important suspects/sources.

An Information-Based Approach for Mediation Analysis on High-Dimensional Metagenomic Data.

The human microbiome plays a critical role in the development of gut-related illnesses such as inflammatory bowel disease and clinical pouchitis. A mediation model can be used to describe the interaction between host gene expression, the gut microbiome, and clinical/health situation (e.g.