Histological and radiographic evaluation of three common tendon transfer techniques in an un-ossified bone porcine model: implications for early anterior tibialis tendon transfers in children with clubfeet.

Purpose: To compare the histological healing and radiographic effects of tendons transferred to ossified or unossified bone using different tendon fixation techniques.

Methods: Nine new-born piglets underwent bilateral tendon transfers to either the ossified boney calcaneal body or unossified apophysis. The tendons were fixed using metallic suture anchors, sutures alone or a bone tunnel.

Treating periprosthetic joint infections as biofilms: key diagnosis and management strategies.

Considerable evidence suggests that microbial biofilms play an important role in periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) pathogenesis. Compared to free-floating planktonic bacteria, biofilm bacteria are more difficult to culture and possess additional immune-evasive and antibiotic resistance mechanisms, making infections harder to detect and eradicate. This article reviews cutting-edge advances in biofilm-associated infection diagnosis and treatment in the context of current PJI guidelines and highlights emerging technologies that may improve the efficacy and reduce costs associated with PJI.

Effect of tibial tunnel diameter on femoral tunnel placement in transtibial single bundle ACL reconstruction.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of tibial reamer size and placement on the position of femoral tunnel placement via a transtibial approach for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Methods: Eight cadaveric knee specimens were fixed to a stationary table at 90° of flexion and neutral rotation. After removing the anterior capsule and patella, native joint anatomy was recorded with a digitizer (MicroScribe™; CNC Services, Amherst, VA) accurate to 0.

Effect of reamer design on posteriorization of the tibial tunnel during endoscopic transtibial anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Background: It is known that small alterations in tunnel positioning during anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction significantly affect ACL length and tensioning patterns as well as alter force vectors and joint kinematics.

Purpose: To compare the amount of inadvertent posteriorization of the ACL tibial tunnel anatomy during transtibial ACL femoral reaming in the "over-the-top" position with a full femoral reamer versus a half femoral reamer, in comparison to the native tibial ACL footprint. It is hypothesized that the half reamer will result in less distortion of tibial tunnel anatomy and improved anatomic footprint coverage.