Influence of the Microbiome on Chronic Rhinosinusitis With and Without Polyps: An Evolving Discussion.

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is widely prevalent within the population and often leads to decreased quality of life, among other related health complications. CRS has classically been stratified by the presence of nasal polyps (CRSwNP) or the absence nasal polyps (CRSsNP). Management of these conditions remains a challenge as investigators continue to uncover potential etiologies and therapeutic targets.

Associations of Stay-at-Home Order Enforcement With COVID-19 Population Outcomes: An Interstate Statistical Analysis.

In the United States, state governors initially enacted coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19)-mitigation policies with limited epidemiologic data. One prevailing legislative approach, from March to May 2020, was the implementation of "stay-at-home" (SAH) executive orders. Although social distancing was encouraged, SAH orders varied between states, and the associations between potential legal prosecution and COVID-19 outcomes are currently unknown.

Advanced Placement Courses for Medical School: A Novel AMed Track to Reduce Financial Burden and Attract Nontraditional Students.

Medical school admissions have become increasingly competitive, creating a pool of nontraditional applicants that seek postbaccalaureate training in biomedical sciences. Several postbaccalaureate and graduate programs developed curricula that, except for learning clinical skills, mirror the learning objectives of the foundational science curricula in medical schools. This education structure provides applicants with a competitive advantage when applying to medical schools.

Surgical Management of Benign Tumors of the Proximal Fibula.

Benign tumors of the proximal fibula are clinically notable, often resulting in pain, cosmetic defects, and potential neurovascular compromise. These symptomatic lesions warrant surgical consultation, but specific procedure selection remains a topic of ongoing discussion. The fibula is widely considered an expendable bone, which permits a greater variety of surgical options relative to other skeletal locations.

Atopic endotypes as a modulating factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection: mechanisms and implications.

Purpose Of Review: Asthma patients are typically at increased risk for severe outcomes from viral respiratory infections. However, asthma and atopy do not appear to be overrepresented comorbidities in COVID-19 patients, and hypotheses attempt to explain this observation. As COVID-19 continues to spread globally, it is imperative to understand how disease outcomes may be influenced in this population to guide patient care.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in COVID-19 Outcomes: Social Determination of Health.

As of 18 October 2020, over 39.5 million cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and 1.1 million associated deaths have been reported worldwide.