Biomechanical Principles of Intramedullary Nails in Veterinary and Human Medicine.

Intramedullary nails are specialized metal rods inserted into the medullary cavity of a fractured bone and secured to reduce load on the fracture site, provide stability, and permit healing. The purpose of this review is to highlight the biomechanics of orthopaedic intramedullary nailing, as well as discuss the biomechanical considerations that have shaped implant design and fixation technique in veterinary and human medicine. Relevant studies were included from the PubMed database and Google Scholar for discussion on the basic science and nail design of intramedullary nails.

Patients with operative gluteus medius tears often present with a concomitant history of lumbar pathology.

Background: Studies have indicated a correlation between patients presenting with decreased gluteus medius function and a history of lumbar pathology (LP). However, literature investigating the relationship between the prevalence of lumbar pathology in patients with gluteus medius tears is lacking. The purpose of this study is to determine if patients undergoing repair for gluteus medius tears have concomitant lumbar pathology.

A Systematic Review of Screw and Suture Button Glenoid Augmentation Constructs.

Background: Glenohumeral dislocations often lead to glenoid bone loss and recurrent instability, warranting bony augmentation. While numerous biomechanical studies have investigated fixation methods to secure a graft to the glenoid, a review of available constructs has yet to be performed.

Purpose: To synthesize the literature and compare the biomechanics of screw and suture button constructs for anterior glenoid bony augmentation.

How Has Statistical Testing in Orthopedics Changed Over Time? An Assessment of High Impact Journals Over 25 Years.

Background: It is important for physicians to be familiar with statistical techniques commonly used in published medical research. Statistical errors in medical literature are common, and there is a reported lack of understanding regarding statistical knowledge necessary for data interpretation and journal reading. As study design has become increasingly complex, peer-reviewed literature poorly addresses and explains the most common statistical methods utilized across leading orthopedic journals.

Benefits of an Orthopedic Education Research Collaborative: An Innovative Approach.

Background Graduate Medical Education (GME) research in orthopedic surgery is an important but underrepresented subject in the medical literature. It was unknown if orthopedic residency leaders were interested in a surgical education research collaborative (). The objectives of this study were to assess the potential benefit of an orthopedic collaborative from orthopedic residency leaders and investigate the factors associated with the support of a research collaborative within a surgical subspecialty.

Current Requirements and Attitudes Toward Research: A Survey-Based Analysis of Orthopedic Surgery Programs.

Objective The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) guidelines require scholarly activity but do not specify what research-related activity is necessary to meet this requirement. The current components and opinions regarding research and its implementation that qualify as scholarly activity are unknown among US orthopedic surgery programs. We aimed to survey program directors of orthopedic surgery programs to evaluate and better understand the current state of research during training.

Bioactive Knee Sleeve for Osteoarthritis: A Small Cohort Study.

Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal ailments worldwide. Numerous conservative therapies exist, but evidence for such treatments remains conflicting. Recently, there has been growing interest surrounding bioactive sleeves for managing knee arthritis; however, the literature on their efficacy for relieving pain and improving function in the setting of knee OA is limited.

Nerve block with liposomal bupivacaine yields fewer complications and similar pain relief when compared to an interscalene catheter for arthroscopic shoulder surgery: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Following orthopedic surgery, patients frequently experience pain and discomfort. Multiple methods of regional anesthesia are available; however, the optimal technique to adequately manage pain while minimizing complications remains under investigation. This study aims to compare the complication rates and pain relief of single-injection, liposomal bupivacaine brachial plexus nerve block to a conventional, indwelling ropivacaine interscalene catheter (ISC) in patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery.

Insurance status is not a predictor of rotator cuff tear magnitude.

Background: Rotator cuff tear (RCT) chronicity is an important factor in considering treatment options and outcomes for surgical repair. Many factors may contribute to delayed treatment, including timely access to care due to insurance status. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the magnitude of RCT on presentation and insurance status.

Financial Literacy in Orthopaedic Surgery Residents: A COERG Survey.

Introduction: Financial literacy is the individual ability and skill to make informed decisions in the management of resources within the financial marketplace to yield a lifetime of financial well-being. Residents across several subspecialties have demonstrated low levels of financial literacy, and it is thought that more financial education is needed during residency training. The purpose of this study is to perform a comprehensive evaluation on financial literacy and financial attitudes of orthopaedic surgery residents.

Disparities Among Industry's Highly Compensated Orthopaedic Surgeons.

Unlabelled: The prosperous financial relationship between physicians and industry remains a highly scrutinized topic. Recently, a publicly available website was developed in conjunction with the U.S.

Variability in the Processing of Fresh Osteochondral Allografts.

The indications for fresh osteochondral allograft continue to increase. As a result, variations in graft processing and preservation methods have emerged. An understanding of these techniques is important when evaluating the optimal protocol for processing fresh osteochondral allografts prior to surgical implantation.

Updates to the Current Landscape of Augmented Reality in Medicine.

Objective With the introduction of the Google Glass in 2013, the use of augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technology has been sharply accelerating in the field of medicine. Despite numerous hurdles and inadequacies identified with the initial devices, current product offering and the need for remote patient care has driven advancements and adoption of the newer generation of devices. This study aims to evaluate the current use of augmented reality devices and the current hurdles to implementation by surveying authors who have recently published on this topic.

COVID-19 Impact on Orthopedic Surgeons: Elective Procedures, Telehealth, and Income.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the response in orthopedic surgery to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic across the United States by surveying surgeons about their care setting, timing of restrictions on elective surgery, use of telehealth, and estimated economic impact.

Methods: A survey was distributed via REDCap through state orthopedic organizations between April and July 2020. The 22-question digital survey collected information regarding restrictions on elective procedures, location of care, utilization of telehealth, and estimated reductions in annual income.

MRI evaluation of axillary neurovascular bundle: Implications for minimally invasive proximal humerus fracture fixation.

Background: Percutaneous fixation of proximal humeral fractures places the axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery at risk for injury. Safe operative zones for the axillary nerve are described based on external measurements from anatomic landmarks, but no study to date has incorporated advanced imaging to help guide surgical procedures in the region of the axillary neurovascular bundle (ANVB). We sought to define the location and trajectory of the ANVB in relation to osseous landmarks using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements.

Is Fibular Sesamoidectomy a Viable Option for Sesamoiditis? A Retrospective Study.

Background Pathologic conditions of the sesamoids can be a source of disabling pain for patients, particularly during toe-off. Some underlying causes include osteonecrosis, inflammation, arthritis, and fracture. Nonoperative treatment is the initial standard of care, and has demonstrated satisfactory outcomes overall; however, operative management may be indicated in cases of pain refractory to conservative management.

Risk Factors for Readmission Following Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Noninfective Causes.

Introduction Readmission following revision orthopedic surgery imposes tremendous costs due to the increased length of stay, procedure complexity, and revision surgery. Following revision total hip arthroplasty, as many as one in five patients are readmitted postoperatively. Readmissions cost the federal government $17.

A Case of a Second Intermetatarsal Space Gouty Tophus with a Presentation Similar to a Morton's Neuroma.

Non-infectious soft tissue lesions of the foot and ankle are relatively rare clinically. These include benign and malignant neoplasms, as well as non-neoplastic or pseudotumoral lesions such as ganglionic, synovial and epidermoid cysts, intermetatarsal and adventitious bursitis, inflammatory lesions like gouty tophi and rheumatoid nodules, Morton's neuroma, and granuloma annulare. A 48-year-old male with a history of medically treated tophaceous gout presented with left foot neuropathic pain and paresthesia, in the setting of a well-circumscribed soft tissue lesion of the second intermetatarsal space, suspected to be a Morton's neuroma.