Large Malignant Pheochromocytoma Causing Cardiac Failure and Metastasis: A Case Report With Review of Literature.

Extra-adrenal functional neuroendocrine neoplasms are termed paragangliomas. We describe a case of a large abdominal neuroendocrine tumor that was proved to be a paraganglioma on biopsy. Unfortunately, the patient presented with high output heart failure, an extremely rare complication of paraganglioma.

Establishing magnetic resonance imaging as an accurate and reliable tool to diagnose and monitor esophageal cancer in a rat model.

Objective: To assess the reliability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detection of esophageal cancer in the Levrat model of end-to-side esophagojejunostomy.

Background: The Levrat model has proven utility in terms of its ability to replicate Barrett's carcinogenesis by inducing gastroduodenoesophageal reflux (GDER). Due to lack of data on the utility of non-invasive methods for detection of esophageal cancer, treatment efficacy studies have been limited, as adenocarcinoma histology has only been validated post-mortem.

Simultaneous augmentation/mastopexy: a retrospective 5-year review of 332 consecutive cases.

Background: Of all mastopexies performed in the authors' facility, approximately 77 percent of patients have an implant placed simultaneously. The unique challenges and safety concerns associated with the simultaneous augmentation/mastopexy procedure merit a deeper evaluation of its use and associated risks.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 430 mastopexy operations, including 332 simultaneous augmentation mastopexies, was performed.

Identification of penile inputs to the rat gracile nucleus.

Neurons in the medullary reticular formation (MRF) of the rat receive a vast array of urogenital inputs. Using select acute and chronic spinal cord lesions to identify the location of the ascending neural circuitries providing either direct or indirect inputs to MRF from the penis, our previous studies demonstrated that the dorsal columns and dorsal half of the lateral funiculus convey low- and high-threshold inputs, respectively. In the present study, the gracile nucleus was targeted as one of the likely sources of low-threshold information from the penis to MRF.