Comparison of methodologies for craniofacial soft-tissue cephalometrics: The value of virtual reality.

Background: Myriad options are available for plastic surgeons to perform soft-tissue analysis, which is vital to perioperative evaluation and research. Our objective is to compare the accuracy, precision, and efficiency of the available cephalometric modalities for conducting facial soft-tissue measurements.

Methods: Twenty soft-tissue facial measurements were performed by 5 measurers with varying experiences on 5 adult subjects, using 6 methods-manual calipers, cone-beam CT, virtual reality (VR), 3D stereophotogrammetry, iPad-based 3D photogrammetry, and 2-dimensional photographs.

Developing the Aesthetic Postoperative Complication Score (APeCS) for Detecting Major Morbidity in Facial Aesthetic Surgery.

Background: Facial aesthetic surgery encompasses a variety of procedures with complication rates that are difficult to estimate due to a lack of published data.

Objectives: We sought to estimate major complication rates in patients undergoing facial aesthetic procedures and develop a risk assessment tool to stratify patients.

Methods: We utilized the Tracking Operation and Outcomes for Plastic Surgeons (TOPS) database from 2003-2018.

microRNA Expression Profiles in the Ventral Hippocampus during Pubertal Development and the Impact of Peri-Pubertal Binge Alcohol Exposure.

Adolescence is hallmarked by two parallel processes of sexual maturation and adult patterning of the brain. Therefore, adolescence represents a vulnerable postnatal period for neurodevelopment where exogenous factors can negatively impact adult brain function. For example, alcohol exposure during pubertal development can lead to long-term and widespread neurobiological dysfunction and these effects have been shown to persist even in the absence of future alcohol exposure.