Beyond One-Size-Fits-All: Tailoring Teicoplanin Regimens for Normal Renal Function Patients Using Population Pharmacokinetics and Monte Carlo Simulation.

In patients with normal renal function, significant teicoplanin dose adjustments are often necessary. This study aimed to develop a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model for teicoplanin in healthy adults and use it to recommend optimal dosage regimens for patients with normal renal function. PK samples were obtained from 12 subjects and analyzed using a population approach.

Varicella-Zoster Virus Reactivation During the Incubation Period for Scrub Typhus: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Herpes zoster caused by the reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus is thought to result from the waning of specific cell-mediated immunity. Scrub typhus, an acute infectious disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, affects multiple organs and is characterized by microangiopathies that result in significant vascular leakage and subsequent end-organ injury. Very few cases of reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus following scrub typhus occurrence have been reported.

Pharmacokinetics and Monte Carlo Simulation of Meropenem in Critically Ill Adult Patients Receiving Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

There have been few clinical studies of ECMO-related alterations of the PK of meropenem and conflicting results were reported. This study investigated the pharmacokinetics (PK) of meropenem in critically ill adult patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and used Monte Carlo simulations to determine appropriate dosage regimens. After a single 0.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by carbon monoxide poisoning and inhalation injury recovered after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation along with direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin B-immobilized fiber column: a case report.

Background: Inhalation injury from smoke or chemical products and carbon monoxide poisoning are major causes of death in burn patients from fire accidents. Respiratory tract injuries from inhalation injury and carbon monoxide poisoning can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome and cytokine storm syndrome. In the case of acute respiratory failure needing mechanical ventilation accompanied by cytokine storm, mortality is high and immediate adequate treatment at the emergency department is very important.

Risk factors for isolation of multi-drug resistant organisms in coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia: A multicenter study.

Objectives: Superimposed multi-drug resistant organisms (MDROs) co-infection can be associated with worse outcomes in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), even if these patients were managed with strict airborne and contact precautions. Identifying risk factors for isolation of MDROs is critical to COVID-19 treatment.

Methods: All eligible adult patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia from 10 hospitals in the Republic of Korea between February 2020 and May 2020 were retrospectively enrolled.

Coxsackievirus A6-induced Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease Mimicking Stevens-Johnson Syndrome in an Immunocompetent Adult.

Hand-foot-and-mouth disease, a highly contagious viral infection, occurs more common in children than in adults. However, there was a recent outbreak of Coxsackievirus A6-induced infection with an atypical presentation among the adult population. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a severe mucocutaneous disease characterized by extensive necrosis and detachment of the epidermis, and this condition is commonly caused by medications.

Serum Aminotransferase Level in Rhabdomyolysis according to Concurrent Liver Disease.

Background/aims: The serum aminotransferase level is usually elevated in rhabdomyolysis, and these enzymes originate from the skeletal muscle. On the other hand, there is limited data showing whether the degree of elevation of these enzymes differs according to the concurrent liver disease.

Methods: Patients with rhabdomyolysis were selected when their serum creatinine kinase level was >1,000 U/L.

Diagnostic performance of immunohistochemistry for the aspergillosis and mucormycosis.

Objective: To investigate the accuracy of immunohistochemistry (IHC) tests for distinguishing between mucormycosis and aspergillosis and compare the clinical characteristics of mucormycosis patients according to galactomannan (GM) results.

Methods: We evaluated diagnostic performance of IHC test with tissue sections of patients with culture-proven invasive fungal infection. In addition, we conducted PCR assay with tissue sections of mucormycosis patients with positive GM results to evaluate the possibility of co-infection.

Diagnostic usefulness of differential time to positivity in neutropenic cancer patients with suspected catheter-related candidemia.

Methods for distinguishing catheter-related candidemia (CRC) from non-CRC before catheter removal remain limited. We thus evaluated the diagnostic performance of differential time to positivity (DTP) to diagnose CRC in neutropenic cancer patients with suspected CRC. Of the 35 patients enrolled, 15 (43%) with CRC (six definite and nine probable) and 17 (49%) with non-CRC were finally analyzed.

Rapidly Fatal Emphysematous Osteomyelitis with Multiple Septic Emboli and Liver Abscess Caused by .

Emphysematous osteomyelitis, characterized by intraosseous gas, is a rare but potentially fatal condition that requires prompt diagnosis and aggressive therapy. Causative organisms are members of the bacterial family or anaerobes in most cases and significant comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus and malignancy, may predispose an individual to the development of emphysematous osteomyelitis. We report a case of extensive emphysematous osteomyelitis via hematogenous spread from liver abscess, complicated by gas-containing abscesses in adjacent soft tissues and epidural space, and multiple systemic septic emboli in a diabetic patient.

Giant Brunner's Gland Hamartoma of the Duodenal Bulb Presenting with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Obstruction.

Brunner's gland hamartomas are small benign lesions that are most commonly found in the bulb of the duodenum. They are very uncommon, and most are found incidentally during upper gastrointestinal series or esophagogastroduodenoscopy. The lesions tend to be asymptomatic, but patients may present with symptoms of duodenal obstruction or hemorrhage secondary to ulceration.

[Concomitant Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptom Syndrome from Ethambutol and Autoimmune Hepatitis from Isoniazid].

Anti-tuberculosis drugs can produce levels of hepatotoxicity ranging from mild elevation of aminotransferase to severe acute hepatitis. A few cases of drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis or the drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptom (DRESS) syndrome by anti-tuberculosis medications have been reported. However, concomitant occurrence of these two disorders has not been reported.

Nephrotic syndrome complicated with portal, splenic, and superior mesenteric vein thrombosis.

Thromboembolism is a major complication of nephrotic syndrome. Renal vein thrombosis and deep vein thrombosis are relatively common, especially in membranous nephropathy. However, the incidence of portal vein and superior mesenteric vein (SMV) thrombosis in patients with nephrotic syndrome is very rare.