Changes in nutritional compositions and digestive enzyme inhibitions of isoflavone-enriched soybean leaves at different stages (drying, steaming, and fermentation) of food processing.

Isoflavone-enriched soybean leaves (IESLs) were processed for drying, steaming, and fermentation, and bioactive compounds and biological activities were analyzed. During food processing, the content of fatty acids, water-soluble vitamins, total phenolics, total flavonoids, and isoflavone-aglycones increased from dried IESLs (DrIESLs) to fermented IESLs (FeIESLs). Especially, oleic acid (53.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Fermented and Aged Mountain-Cultivated Ginseng Sprouts via Suppression of MAPK-NF-κB Pathway in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264.7 Macrophages.

Fermented and aged mountain-cultivated ginseng sprouts (FAMCGS) exhibit superior antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties compared to mountain-cultivated ginseng sprouts (MCGS). However, the mechanisms behind these properties of FAMCGSE remain unclear. This study explores the anti-inflammatory effects of FAMCGS extract (FAMCGSE) on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.

Investigating alterations of nutritional constituents, antioxidant abilities, and physicochemicals in aging processes of ginseng sprouts.

This study was the first to document the fluctuations of nutritional constituents, antioxidant capacities, and physicochemical characteristics during the aging processes of red ginseng sprouts (RGS) and black ginseng sprouts (BGS) from dried ginseng sprouts (DGS). Total ginsenoside levels differed with 54.72 (DGS) → 57.

Chemical Compositions before and after Lactic Acid Fermentation of Isoflavone-Enriched Soybean Leaves and Their Anti-Obesity and Gut Microbiota Distribution Effects.

In this study, we prepared fermented products of isoflavone-enriched soybean leaves (IESLs) and analyzed their nutrients, isoflavones, anti-obesity efficacy, and effects on gut microbiota. Fermented IESLs (FIESLs) were found to be rich in nutrients, especially lauric acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid. In addition, the concentrations of most essential free amino acids were increased compared to those of IESLs.

Examining the Alterations in Metabolite Constituents and Antioxidant Properties in Mountain-Cultivated Ginseng ( C.A. Meyer) Organs during a Two-Month Maturation Period.

The current research was the first to prove the existence of fluctuations in the metabolite constituents and antioxidant properties in different organs (leaves, stems, and roots) of the mountain-cultivated ginseng (MCG) plant during a two-month maturation period. Four metabolites, including fatty acids, amino acids, ginsenosides, and phenolic phytochemicals, exhibited considerable differences in organs and maturation times with the following order: leaves > stems > roots. The predominant metabolite contents were found in leaves, with fatty acid (1057.

Molecular Cloning, In Silico Analysis, and Characterization of a Novel Cellulose Microfibril Swelling Gene Isolated from sp. Strain AY8.

A novel cellulose microfibril swelling (Cms) gene of sp. AY8 was successfully cloned and sequenced using a set of primers designed based on the conserved region of the gene from the genomic database. The molecular cloning of the Cms gene revealed that the gene consisted of 679 bp sequences encoding 225 amino acids.

Characterization of Growth-Promoting Activities of Consortia of Chlorpyrifos Mineralizing Endophytic Bacteria Naturally Harboring in Rice Plants-A Potential Bio-Stimulant to Develop a Safe and Sustainable Agriculture.

Eighteen pesticide-degrading endophytic bacteria were isolated from the roots, stems, and leaves of healthy rice plants and identified through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Furthermore, biochemical properties, including enzyme production, dye degradation, anti-bacterial activities, plant-growth-promoting traits, including N-fixation, P-solubilization, auxin production, and ACC-deaminase activities of these naturally occurring endophytic bacteria along with their four consortia, were characterized. HSTU-ABk39 and sp.

Comparisons of Physicochemical Properties, Bacterial Diversities, Isoflavone Profiles and Antioxidant Activities on Household and Commercial .

In this study, the physicochemical properties (pH, acidity, salinity, and soluble protein), bacterial diversities, isoflavone contents, and antioxidant activities of (fermented soy paste), household (HDJ), and commercial (CDJ), were assessed and compared. The values of pH 5.14-5.

Photoprotective Effect of Fermented and Aged Mountain-Cultivated Ginseng Sprout () on Ultraviolet Radiation-Induced Skin Aging in a Hairless Mouse Model.

Interest in foods that promote inner beauty increases with increases in exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays and with improvements in quality of life. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of fermented and aged mountain-cultivated ginseng sprouts (FAMCGSs), which have higher anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects compared to mountain-cultivated ginseng sprouts (MCGSs), as an inner beauty enhancing food. The effect of orally administered FAMCGSs on UV type B (UVB) radiation-induced skin aging was investigated in a hairless mouse model through analyzing skin parameters including epidermal thickness, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), roughness, moisture, elasticity, and collagen contents.

Unveiling chlorpyrifos mineralizing and tomato plant-growth activities of sp. strain HSTU-ASh6 using biochemical tests, field experiments, genomics, and analyses.

The chlorpyrifos-mineralizing rice root endophyte sp. HSTU-ASh6 strain was identified, which enormously enhanced the growth of tomato plant under epiphytic conditions. The strain solubilizes phosphate and grew in nitrogen-free Jensen's medium.

Fermented and Aged Ginseng Sprouts () and Their Main Component, Compound K, Alleviate Asthma Parameters in a Mouse Model of Allergic Asthma through Suppression of Inflammation, Apoptosis, ER Stress, and Ferroptosis.

The association between asthma and oxidative stress remains controversial. Oxidative stress-induced ferroptosis has not been extensively studied in asthma models. This study was performed to investigate the anti-asthmatic and anti-ferroptotic effects of fermented and aged ginseng sprouts (FAGS) with enhanced antioxidant activity and its main component, compound K (CK), in a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma.

Comprehensive Comparison of Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Sprouts by Different Cultivation Systems in a Plant Factory.

In this study, the primary (such as amino acids, fatty acids, and minerals) and secondary (including ginsenosides, phenolic acids, and flavonols) metabolites and antioxidant effects of Panax ginseng sprouts (PGSs) by different cultivation systems, such as soil-substrate cultivation (SSC) and deep-water cultivation (DWC), in a plant factory has been observed. There was no significant difference in the total fatty acid (FA) contents. Particularly, the major FAs of PGSs were palmitic acid (207.

Changes in Chemical Compositions and Antioxidant Activities from Fresh to Fermented Red Mountain-Cultivated Ginseng.

This study investigated changes in nutrients (fatty acids, amino acids, and minerals), ginsenosides, and volatile flavors, and antioxidant activities during food processing of mountain-cultivated ginseng (MCG) with the cocktail lactic acid bacteria. Fatty acid content increased, but the free amino acid content decreased, and minerals were practically unaffected during processing. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and maillard reaction products increased markedly according to processing stage.

Organophosphorus insecticides mineralizing endophytic and rhizospheric soil bacterial consortium influence eggplant growth-promotion.

This study was aimed to evaluate eggplant's growth-enhancing activity of chlorpyrifos and diazinon-degrading endophytic and rhizospheric soil bacteria isolated from cauliflower and tomato roots and the rhizospheric soil of rice roots, respectively. The identified endophytes belong to the Acinetobacter, Enterobacter and Klebsiella genera, while rhizospheric soil isolates belong to Pantoea, Acinetobacter, Kosakonia, Morganella, Enterobacter, and Klebsiella genera with species variation and genetic distances. All the strain's consumed 100% (50 mg/5 mL) chlorpyrifos and diazinon after 14 days of exposure, except for Pantoea sp.

Unveiling lignocellulolytic trait of a goat omasum inhabitant Klebsiella variicola strain HSTU-AAM51 in light of biochemical and genome analyses.

Klebsiella variicola is generally known as endophyte as well as lignocellulose-degrading strain. However, their roles in goat omasum along with lignocellulolytic genetic repertoire are not yet explored. In this study, five different pectin-degrading bacteria were isolated from a healthy goat omasum.

Mining of a novel esterase (est3S) gene from a cow rumen metagenomic library with organosphosphorus insecticides degrading capability: Catalytic insights by site directed mutations, docking, and molecular dynamic simulations.

A novel esterase (est3S) gene, 1026 bp in size, was cloned from a metagenomic library made of uncultured microorganisms from the contents of cow rumen. The esterolytic enzyme (Est3S) is composed of 342 amino acids and shows the highest identity with EstGK1 (71.7%) and EstZ3 (63.

Five Surfactin Isomers Produced during Fermentation by HY1 and Their Properties.

The cyclic lipopeptide produced from strain HY1 was isolated from Korean soybean sauce . The chemical structures of the surfactin isomers were analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). The five potential surfactin isoforms were detected with protonated masses of 994.

Fermentation of Sprouted Ginseng () Increases Flavonoid and Phenolic Contents to Attenuate Alcoholic Hangover and Acute Liver Injury in Mice.

Alcoholic liver damage is caused by ethanol and its oxidized intermediates, and endotoxin-induced acute liver failure is mediated by apoptosis and inflammation. We investigated whether extracts of sprouts of (SG) attenuate alcohol or endotoxin-induced acute liver injury in mice. Whole SG contains eight times more ginsenosides than the root and, because it grows quickly ([Formula: see text]30 days) without using pesticides, the whole-plant can be harvested.

Enhancement of isoflavone aglycone, amino acid, and CLA contents in fermented soybean yogurts using different strains: Screening of antioxidant and digestive enzyme inhibition properties.

This study was the first to evaluate changes in isoflavone, amino acid, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), antioxidant effect, and digestive enzyme inhibition during fermentation of soy-milk to soy-yogurt with L. brevis and L. plantarum.

Fermented Extracts Attenuate Endotoxin-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice.

Endotoxin-induced acute liver injury is mediated by an excessive inflammatory response, hepatocellular oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Traditional medicinal plants have been used to treat various disorders. (PG) has been shown to be beneficial in relieving cough and asthma and to have anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic activities.