Endotoxemia is associated with better clinical outcome in incident Chinese peritoneal dialysis patients: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Endotoxemia is common in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients; circulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS) level is related to the degree of systemic inflammation and atherosclerosis. We examine whether baseline plasma LPS level represents a prognostic marker in new PD patients.

Methods: We studied 158 new Chinese PD patients (80 males).

Arterial pulse wave velocity and peritoneal transport characteristics independently predict hospitalization in Chinese peritoneal dialysis patients.

Objective: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common cause of mortality in chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Increased arterial stiffness may be related to a high peritoneal permeability resulting in fluid overload in PD patients. We studied the relations between arterial stiffness, peritoneal transport, and radiographic parameters of systemic fluid overload in a cohort of Chinese PD patients.

Recurrent and relapsing peritonitis: causative organisms and response to treatment.

Background: The clinical behavior and optimal treatment of relapsing and recurrent peritonitis episodes in patients undergoing long-term peritoneal dialysis are poorly understood.

Study Design: Retrospective study over 14 years.

Setting & Participants: University dialysis unit; 157 relapsing episodes (same organism or culture-negative episode occurring within 4 weeks of completion of therapy for a prior episode), 125 recurrent episodes (different organism, occurs within 4 weeks of completion of therapy for a prior episode), and 764 control episodes (first peritonitis episode without relapse or recurrence).

Longitudinal changes of cardiothoracic ratio and vascular pedicle width as predictors of volume status during one year in Chinese peritoneal dialysis patients.

Background: Volume overload is an important contributing factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Vascular pedicle width (VPW) and cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) in routine chest radiograph are indicators of intravascular volume. Longitudinal changes of VPW and CTR may be important prognostic factors of PD patients.

Factors associated with sudden death in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Background: Relatively little is known of the epidemiology and predictors of sudden death in peritoneal dialysis (PD) populations. We aimed to identify the risk factors of sudden death among PD subjects.

Methods: To explore clinical correlates of sudden death in PD patients, we conducted a population-based case-control study using data from a single dialysis unit.

The impact of social support on the survival of Chinese peritoneal dialysis patients.

Background: Social support is an independent risk factor for mortality among new hemodialysis patients. We evaluated the effect of social support on the outcome of Chinese peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.

Methods: We studied 167 prevalent PD patients.

Oral calcitriol for the treatment of persistent proteinuria in immunoglobulin A nephropathy: an uncontrolled trial.

Background: Laboratory research and previous retrospective study suggest that vitamin D and its analogues have profound effects on immune system function and glomerular mesangial cell proliferation. We conducted an open-label study to evaluate the antiproteinuric effect of calcitriol on proteinuria in patients with immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy.

Study Design: Open-label prospective uncontrolled trial.

The relationship between bone morphogenic protein-7 and peritoneal transport characteristics.

Background: After prolonged peritoneal dialysis (PD) and exposure to a non-physiological dialysis solution, peritoneal mesothelial cells undergo the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. In other biological systems, bone morphogenic protein-7 (BMP-7) is a key factor that controls this process. However, the role of BMP-7 in peritoneal physiology has not been studied.

Endotoxemia is related to systemic inflammation and atherosclerosis in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Background And Objectives: Systemic inflammatory state is a hallmark of peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, but its etiology remains obscure. Because circulating microbial products are an important cause of systemic immune activation in other conditions such as HIV infection, it was hypothesized that endotoxemia is a cause of systemic inflammatory state and atherosclerosis in PD patients.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: Plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in 30 consecutive new PD patients were measured.

Coagulase negative staphylococcal peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients: review of 232 consecutive cases.

Background And Objectives: Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species is the most common cause of peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis; however, the optimal treatment strategy of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species peritonitis remains controversial.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: All of the coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species peritonitis in a dialysis unit from 1995 to 2006 were reviewed. During this period, there were 2037 episodes of peritonitis recorded; 232 episodes (11.

Good patient and technique survival in elderly patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

The aging population has significant implications for the community. The increasing number of elderly end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients presses the renal team to find an appropriate management plan. We used a retrospective analysis to study the effectiveness of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) in elderly ESRD patients.

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis is better than automated peritoneal dialysis as first-line treatment in renal replacement therapy.

This article examines the roles of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) versus automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) as first-line renal replacement therapy. To date, no high-quality large-scale randomized controlled studies have compared CAPD with APD as first-line therapy. However, a discussion on this issue is important so that nephrologists can decide and patients can have a choice of modality on which to start dialysis, especially in the context of health care economics.

Staphylococcus aureus peritonitis complicates peritoneal dialysis: review of 245 consecutive cases.

Peritonitis that is caused by Staphylococcus aureus is a serious complication in peritoneal dialysis (PD), but the clinical course of PD-related S. aureus peritonitis remains unclear. All of the S.

New-onset hyperglycemia in nondiabetic chinese patients started on peritoneal dialysis.

Background: Glucose has been used as the osmotic agent added to standard peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions since its inception. Patients who have no history of glucose intolerance may develop hyperglycemia after the initiation of PD therapy. However, the prevalence and long-term implications of new-onset hyperglycemia in PD patients has not been studied.

Comprehensive malnutrition inflammation score as a marker of nutritional status in Chinese peritoneal dialysis patients.

Background: Malnutrition is common among peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. However, the ideal marker of nutritional status in PD patients remained controversial.

Methods: We studied 165 unselected adult PD patients.

Prevalence and implications of isolated microscopic hematuria in asymptomatic Chinese pregnant women.

Background: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. However, the actual prevalence of microscopic hematuria and IgAN is unknown in the Chinese population.

Methods: We screened 7,828 consecutive pregnant women for microscopic hematuria in the antenatal clinic of a tertiary referral center.

Increased subcutaneous insulin requirements in diabetic patients recently commenced on peritoneal dialysis.

Background: Diabetic patients often have reduced insulin requirements when they progress to renal failure. Since peritoneal dialysis (PD) solution contains glucose, the insulin requirement of these patients often increases after commenced on PD. However, the change in insulin requirement has not been studied systematically.

Clinical biocompatibility of a neutral peritoneal dialysis solution with minimal glucose-degradation products--a 1-year randomized control trial.

Background: Chronic utilization of a bio-incompatible peritoneal dialysis (PD) solution with acidic pH and a high content of glucose degradation product (GDP) has been implicated as a contributing cause of peritoneal failure. We compared a newly formulated solution of neutral pH and low levels of GDP to a standard PD solution.

Methods: Fifty new PD patients were randomized to a conventional lactate-buffered fluid (control) and a pH neutral, lactate-buffered, low GDP solution (balance).

mRNA expression of target genes in the urinary sediment as a noninvasive prognostic indicator of CKD.

Background: Study of messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of target genes in urinary sediment was suggested as a noninvasive marker of renal damage in patients with chronic kidney diseases (CKDs). We studied the relationship between urinary mRNA expression of target genes and risk for renal function deterioration in patients with CKD.

Methods: We studied 131 patients with CKD with kidney biopsy.

The clinical course of peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis caused by Corynebacterium species.

Background: Corynebacterium species are part of the normal skin flora. The incidence of nosocomial infections caused by Corynebacterium species have increased substantially over the past two decades. However, the clinical course of Corynebacterium peritonitis complicating peritoneal dialysis remains unclear.

Peritoneal albumin excretion is a strong predictor of cardiovascular events in peritoneal dialysis patients: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Microalbuminuria is a marker of systemic endothelial dysfunction. We hypothesize that peritoneal albumin excretion in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, which is conceptually analogous to microalbuminuria in non-uremic patients, can predict cardiovascular disease in new PD patients.

Method: We studied peritoneal albumin excretion in 43 new PD patients.

Hypokalemia in Chinese peritoneal dialysis patients: prevalence and prognostic implication.

Background: Abnormal potassium metabolism may contribute to the increased cardiac morbidity and mortality seen in dialysis patients. We studied the pattern of serum potassium levels in a cohort of Chinese peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.

Methods: We studied serum potassium levels of 266 PD patients during 3 consecutive clinic visits.