Clinicopathological Features and Oncological Outcomes of Germline Partner and Localizer of Breast Cancer 2-Mutated Breast Cancer in Korea.

Purpose: The partner and localizer of breast cancer 2 (PALB2) mutation is a predisposition to breast cancer development. However, limited clinical data are available for the Korean population. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the characteristics and oncological outcomes of patients with PALB2-mutated and non-mutated PALB2 in Korea.

Reversion of pathogenic L1780P mutation confers resistance to PARP and ATM inhibitor in breast cancer.

This study investigates the molecular characteristics and therapeutic implications of the BRCA1 L1780P mutation, a rare variant prevalent among Korean hereditary breast cancer patients. Using patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models and cell lines (PDX-derived cell line) from carriers, sequencing analyses revealed loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the BRCA1 locus, with one patient losing the wild-type allele and the other mutated allele. This reversion mutation may cf.

O-GlcNAcylation of RBM14 contributes to elevated cellular O-GlcNAc through regulation of OGA protein stability.

Dysregulation of O-GlcNAcylation has emerged as a potential biomarker for several diseases, particularly cancer. The role of OGT (O-GlcNAc transferase) in maintaining O-GlcNAc homeostasis has been extensively studied; nevertheless, the regulation of OGA (O-GlcNAcase) in cancer remains elusive. Here, we demonstrated that the multifunctional protein RBM14 is a regulator of cellular O-GlcNAcylation.

Proton pump inhibitors and chronic kidney disease risk: a comparative study with histamine-2 receptor antagonists.

This observational study explored the association between proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and histamine-2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) use and the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Using the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC) and six-hospital electronic health record (EHR) databases, CKD incidence was analyzed among PPI and H2RA users. Propensity score matching was used to balance baseline characteristics, with 1,869 subjects each in the PPI and H2RA groups from the NHIS-NSC, and 5,967 in EHR databases.

Linked N-Acetylglucosamine Modification of Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling Protein Regulates Antiviral Signaling by Modulating Its Activity.

Post-translational modifications, including -GlcNAcylation, play fundamental roles in modulating cellular events, including transcription, signal transduction, and immune signaling. Several molecular targets of -GlcNAcylation associated with pathogen-induced innate immune responses have been identified; however, the direct regulatory mechanisms linking -GlcNAcylation with antiviral RIG-I-like receptor signaling are not fully understood. In this study, we found that cellular levels of -GlcNAcylation decline in response to infection with Sendai virus.

Equal Ratio Ventilation Reduces Blood Loss During Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgery.

Study Design: A prospective randomized double-blinded study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of two different ventilator modes (inspiratory to expiratory ratio [I:E ratio] of 1:1 and 1:2) on intraoperative surgical bleeding in patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) surgery.

Summary Of Background Data: During PLIF surgery, a considerable amount of blood loss is anticipated.

O-GlcNAc stabilizes SMAD4 by inhibiting GSK-3β-mediated proteasomal degradation.

O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a post-translational modification which occurs on the hydroxyl group of serine or threonine residues of nucleocytoplasmic proteins. It has been reported that the presence of this single sugar motif regulates various biological events by altering the fate of target proteins, such as their function, localization, and degradation. This study identified SMAD4 as a novel O-GlcNAc-modified protein.

Mutual regulation between OGT and XIAP to control colon cancer cell growth and invasion.

O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is an enzyme that catalyzes the O-GlcNAc modification of nucleocytoplasmic proteins and is highly expressed in many types of cancer. However, the mechanism regulating its expression in cancer cells is not well understood. This study shows that OGT is a substrate of the E3 ubiquitin ligase X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) which plays an important role in cancer pathogenesis.

O-GlcNAcylation of Mef2c regulates myoblast differentiation.

Unlike other types of glycosylation, O-GlcNAcylation is a single glycosylation which occurs exclusively in the nucleus and cytosol. O-GlcNAcylation underlie metabolic diseases, including diabetes and obesity. Furthermore, O-GlcNAcylation affects different oncogenic processes such as osteoblast differentiation, adipogenesis and hematopoiesis.

-GlcNAcylation on LATS2 disrupts the Hippo pathway by inhibiting its activity.

The Hippo pathway controls organ size and tissue homeostasis by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis. The LATS-mediated negative feedback loop prevents excessive activation of the effectors YAP/TAZ, maintaining homeostasis of the Hippo pathway. YAP and TAZ are hyperactivated in various cancer cells which lead to tumor growth.

Gabapentin prevents synaptogenesis between sensory and spinal cord neurons induced by thrombospondin-4 acting on pre-synaptic Ca α δ subunits and involving T-type Ca channels.

Background And Purpose: Nerve injury induces concurrent up-regulation of the voltage-gated calcium channel subunit Ca α δ and the extracellular matrix protein thrombospondin-4 (TSP4) in dorsal root ganglia and dorsal spinal cord, leading to the development of a neuropathic pain state. Interactions of these proteins promote aberrant excitatory synaptogenesis that contributes to neuropathic pain state development through unknown mechanisms. We investigated the contributions of Ca α δ subunits and TSP4 to synaptogenesis, and the pathways involved in vitro, and whether treatment with gabapentin could block this process and pain development in vivo.

The Antinociceptive Properties of the Corydalis yanhusuo Extract.

Corydalis yanhusuo. W.T.

Erratum: Heart rate variability as a predictor of hypotension after spinal anesthesia in hypertensive patients.

[This corrects the article on p. 317 in vol. 65, PMID: 24228144.

Anatomical analysis of medial branches of dorsal rami of cervical nerves for radiofrequency thermocoagulation.

Background And Objectives: Cervical medial branch blocks are used to treat patients with chronic neck pain. The aim of this study was to clarify the anatomical aspects of the cervical medial branches to improve the accuracy and safety of radiofrequency denervation.

Methods: Twenty cervical specimens were harvested from 20 adult cadavers.

Analytical and clinical performance of a new point of care LABGEOIB D-dimer test for diagnosis of venous thromboembolism.

LABGEO(IB) D-dimer Test is a newly developed POC D-dimer assay and the first commercially available POC immunoassay instrument that exploits the disk rotation method for extraction of plasma. Citrate plasma was obtained from 201 apparently healthy subjects and 91 patients suspected for VTE, and their D-dimer level was measured by the LABGEO(IB) D-Dimer Test (LABGEO D-dimer) and HemosIL D-dimer test as a comparative method. To examine the effect of blood cells and anticoagulant, paired blood samples anticoagulated by heparin and citrate were obtained from various postoperative patients.

Cervical ganglion block attenuates the progression of pulmonary hypertension via nitric oxide and arginase pathways.

It has been recognized that the sympathetic nervous system is activated in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and abnormal sympathetic hyperactivity leads to worsening of PAH via endothelial dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to examine whether sympathetic ganglion block (SGB) can treat PAH by increasing the availability of nitric oxide (NO). PAH was induced in rats by 50 mg/kg of subcutaneous monocrotaline.

Heart rate variability as a predictor of hypotension after spinal anesthesia in hypertensive patients.

Background: Hypotension is a common phenomenon after spinal anesthesia in hypertensive patients. We investigated whether heart rate variability could predict the occurrence of hypotension after spinal anesthesia in hypertensive patients.

Methods: Forty-one patients undergoing spinal anesthesia were included.

Hemodynamic effect of full flexion of the hips and knees in the supine position: a comparison with straight leg raising.

Background: Straight raising of the legs in the supine position or Trendelenburg positioning has been used to treat hypotension or shock, but the advantages of these positions are not clear and under debate. We performed a crossover study to evaluate the circulatory effect of full flexion of the hips and knees in the supine position (exaggerated lithotomy), and compare it with straight leg raising.

Methods: This study was a prospective randomized crossover study from the tertiary care unit at our university hospital.

Sedation under JCI standard.

The practice of anesthesia and sedation continues to expand beyond the operating room and now includes the gastroenterology suite, magnetic resonance imaging suites, and the cardiac catheterization laboratory. Non-anesthesiologists frequently administer sedation, in part because of a lack of available anesthesiologists and economic aspect, which emphasizes the safety of sedation. The Joint Commission International (JCI) set a standard responding to this issue indicating that qualified individuals who have drug and monitoring knowledge as well as airway management skills can only administer sedating agents.

Participation of K(ATP) Channels in the Antinociceptive Effect of Pregabalin in Rat Formalin Test.

Background: Pregabalin is an anticonvulsant and analgesic agent that interacts selectively with the voltage-sensitive-Ca(2+)-channel alpha-2-delta subunit. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the analgesic action of intrathecal (IT) pregabalin is associated with K(ATP) channels in the rat formalin test.

Methods: IT PE-10 catheters were implanted in male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 g) under inhalation anesthesia using enflurane.

The effect of beta1-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphism on prolongation of corrected QT interval during endotracheal intubation under sevoflurane anesthesia.

Background: The hemodynamic responses to endotracheal intubation are associated with sympathoadrenal activity. Polymorphisms in the beta1-adrenergic receptor (β(1)AR) gene can alter the pathophysiology of specific diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the Ser49Gly and Arg389Gly polymorphism of the β(1)AR gene have different cardiovascular responses during endotracheal intubation under sevoflurane anesthesia.

Ultrasonic doppler flowmeter-guided occipital nerve block.

Background: Greater occipital nerve block is used in the treatment of headaches and neuralgia in the occipital area. We evaluated the efficacy of ultrasonic doppler flowmeter-guided occipital nerve block in patients experiencing headache in the occipital region in a randomized, prospective, placebo-controlled study.

Methods: Twenty-six patients, aged 18 to 70, with headache in the occipital region, were included in the study.

Ejaculatory failure after unilateral neurolytic celiac plexus block.

Abdominal pain associated with chronic pancreatitis is often difficult to control with analgesics and can be severely debilitating with significant impairment of quality of life. In these patients, neurolytic celiac plexus block (NCPB) is an effective treatment option with a low complication rate. However, there is a risk of ejaculatory failure after NCPB, which may be a problem in patients with a long life expectancy.