Spin glass behavior in frustrated quantum spin system CuAlO with a possible orbital liquid state.

CuAlO is a normal spinel oxide having quantum spin, S  =  1/2 for Cu. It is a rather unique feature that the Cu ions of CuAlO sit at a tetrahedral position, not like the usual octahedral position for many oxides. At low temperatures, it exhibits all the thermodynamic evidence of a quantum spin glass.

Giant magneto-elastic coupling in multiferroic hexagonal manganites.

The motion of atoms in a solid always responds to cooling or heating in a way that is consistent with the symmetry of the given space group of the solid to which they belong. When the atoms move, the electronic structure of the solid changes, leading to different physical properties. Therefore, the determination of where atoms are and what atoms do is a cornerstone of modern solid-state physics.