Decarboxylation of Hydroxybenzoic Acids to Phenol Via Deep Eutectic Solvents.

The development of greener and more sustainable synthesis processes for manufacturing commodity chemicals is of great importance. The majority of current phenol production methods involve harsh reaction conditions with high energy consumption, causing severe environmental pollution. In this study, we present a novel approach for the decarboxylation of hydroxybenzoic acids (HBAs) to phenol using a choline chloride-urea (ChCl-urea) deep eutectic solvent (DES).

Facial Skin Rejuvenation Using Poly- dl -Lactic Acid Injected With a Laser-Generated Needle-Free Microjet Injector.

Background: A laser-induced needle-free microjet injector was developed for rapid, high-speed drug delivery of microliters into the skin.

Objective: This study evaluated the clinical rejuvenation effect of repeated dermal injections of the collagen simulator poly- dl -lactic acid (PDLA) using a laser-induced needle-free microjet injector.

Methods: Five PDLA injection sessions using a laser-induced needle-free microjet injector were conducted in patients concerned about aging skin.

Skin rejuvenation through topical application of indocyanine green with diffractive optical element mode of 785 nm picosecond laser in Asian females.

Background: Indocyanine green (ICG) exhibits robust absorption near 800 nm.

Aims: To examine the clinical effects of combining ICG with a 785 nm picosecond laser for treating photo-aged skin.

Patient/methods: A 785 nm 600 picosecond laser was used on the facial area of 16 female patients with Fitzpatrick skin type III and IV (mean age: 58.

Phenology model development for : Evaluation of phenological synchrony with its host, .

The invasive species has inflicted significant economic losses in various European and Asian regions. To combat this pest, the parasitoid wasp has been effectively introduced in Europe. Despite its success, research on the field occurrence patterns of , particularly its phenology, remains scarce.

Efficacy of the GentleWave System in the removal of biofilm from the mesial roots of mandibular molars before and after minimal instrumentation: An ex vivo study.

Aim: To compare the efficacy of Enterococcus faecalis biofilm removal using the GentleWave System (GWS) (Sonendo Inc, CA) on non-instrumented versus minimally instrumented root canal systems.

Methodology: Thirty-four mandibular molars were autoclaved and allocated to four groups: Negative control (n = 5); positive control (n = 5); Group 1: non-instrumentation + GWS (NI + GWS) (n = 12); and Group 2: minimal instrumentation + GWS (MI + GWS) (n = 12). Of 34 samples, 24 samples with Vertucci type 2 configuration within the mesial root of each sample were allocated to Groups 1 and 2 and then matched based on the working length and root canal configuration.

Immunohistochemical differentiation of keratins and involucrin between palmar psoriasis, chronic hand eczema and hyperkeratotic hand eczema.

Background: Common hyperkeratotic palmar skin lesions include chronic hand eczema (CHE), hyperkeratotic hand eczema (HHE), palmar psoriasis (PP). However, clinically differentiating these disorders is often challenging.

Objectives: To compare the expressions of keratin (K) 5, K9, K14 and involucrin in palmar hyperkeratotic lesions (HHE, CHE and PP).

Is restrictive transfusion sufficient in colorectal cancer surgery? A retrospective study before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea.

Purpose: Blood transfusion is one of the most common procedures used to treat anemia in colorectal surgery. Despite controversy regarding the adverse effects of blood products, surgeons have maintained standards for administering blood transfusions. However, this trend was restrictive during the COVID-19 pandemic because of a shortage of blood products.

Integrating experimental and computational approaches for deep eutectic solvent-catalyzed glycolysis of post-consumer polyethylene terephthalate.

To achieve a sustainable and circular economy, developing effective plastic recycling methods is essential. Despite advances in the chemical recycling of plastic waste, modern industries require highly efficient and sustainable solutions to address environmental problems. In this study, we propose an efficient glycolysis strategy for post-consumer polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using deep eutectic solvents (DESs) to produce bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) with high selectivity.

Enhancing polyethylene terephthalate conversion through efficient microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvent-catalyzed glycolysis.

Chemical recycling of plastics is a promising approach for effectively depolymerizing plastic waste into its constituent monomers, thereby contributing to the realization of a sustainable circular economy. Glycolysis, which converts polyethylene terephthalate (PET) into the monomer bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET), has emerged as a cost-effective and commercially viable chemical recycling process. However, glycolysis requires long reaction times and high energy consumption, limiting its industrialization.

Full automation of point defect detection in transition metal dichalcogenides through a dual mode deep learning algorithm.

Point defects often appear in two-dimensional (2D) materials and are mostly correlated with physical phenomena. The direct visualisation of point defects, followed by statistical inspection, is the most promising way to harness structure-modulated 2D materials. Here, we introduce a deep learning-based platform to identify the point defects in 2H-MoTe: synergy of unit cell detection and defect classification.

A Case of Pirfenidone-Induced Photosensitive Drug Eruption.

A 75-year-old male was diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and treated with pirfenidone. He presented with an erythematous thick scaly patch on his face, neck, and both hands and arms. He had a history of significant exposure to sunlight without using sunscreen.

A rare case of chordoma cutis.

Chordoma is a rare locally aggressive bone malignancy that originates from the notochord. It typically involves the sacrococcygeal area, spheno-occipital region of the skull, and spine. Cutaneous involvement of chordoma, termed as chordoma cutis, is uncommon and usually occurs via direct invasion or local recurrence.

Direct Printing of Ultrathin Block Copolymer Film with Nano-in-Micro Pattern Structures.

Nanotransfer printing (nTP) is one of the most promising nanopatterning methods given that it can be used to produce nano-to-micro patterns effectively with functionalities for electronic device applications. However, the nTP process is hindered by several critical obstacles, such as sub-20 nm mold technology, reliable large-area replication, and uniform transfer-printing of functional materials. Here, for the first time, a dual nanopatterning process is demonstrated that creates periodic sub-20 nm structures on the eight-inch wafer by the transfer-printing of patterned ultra-thin (<50 nm) block copolymer (BCP) film onto desired substrates.

Polydeoxyribonucleotide exerts opposing effects on ERK activity in human skin keratinocytes and fibroblasts.

Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) is a mixture of deoxyribonucleotides. It serves as an anti‑inflammatory and tissue‑regenerating agent. The mitogen‑activated protein kinase pathway modulates cell growth and collagen accumulation.

Validity of C-Reactive Protein as a Surrogate Marker for Infectious Complications After Surgery for Colorectal Cancer.

This study aimed to establish a threshold of C-reactive protein (CRP) level for early detection of post-operative infectious complications after surgery for colorectal cancer. In this single-center, retrospective analysis, we studied the data of 178 patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer between January 2018 and February 2022. Elective surgery with curative intent was performed, and serum CRP levels were measured on five consecutive days after surgery.

Efficacy of a rehabilitation program using minor muscles in colorectal cancer patients with chemotherapy-induced neuropathy: preliminary study.

Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is one of the common reasons that colorectal cancer patients cannot maintain their routine chemotherapy schedules. Some medications are used for pain relief; however, the effect of medication is disappointing. We carried out this study to confirm that a rehabilitation program using minor muscles might provide a valuable aid in symptom relief of CIPN.

Functional validation of co-culture model of human keratinocytes and neuronal cell line for sensitive skin by using transient receptor potential channel vanilloid subfamily member 1 antagonist.

Background: Sensitive skin is a subjective cutaneous hyper-reactivity that occurs in response to various innocuous stimuli. Keratinocytes have recently been shown to participate in sensory transduction by releasing many neuroactive molecules that bind to intra-epidermal free nerve endings and modulate nociception. In the literature, the characterization of these interactions has been based on the co-culture of keratinocyte and mammalian-origin neuronal cell lines.

The development progress of multi-array colourimetric sensors based on the M13 bacteriophage.

Techniques for detecting chemicals dispersed at low concentrations in air continue to evolve. These techniques can be applied not only to manage the quality of agricultural products using a post-ripening process but also to establish a safety prevention system by detecting harmful gases and diagnosing diseases. Recently, techniques for rapid response to various chemicals and detection in complex and noisy environments have been developed using M13 bacteriophage-based sensors.

Multiarray Biosensor for Diagnosing Lung Cancer Based on Gap Plasmonic Color Films.

Adaptable and sensitive materials are essential for the development of advanced sensor systems such as bio and chemical sensors. Biomaterials can be used to develop multifunctional biosensor applications using genetic engineering. In particular, a plasmonic sensor system using a coupled film nanostructure with tunable gap sizes is a potential candidate in optical sensors because of its simple fabrication, stability, extensive tuning range, and sensitivity to small changes.

Clinico-Pathological Concordance Rate of Scalp Lesions Showing Alopecia.

Background: Some alopecic diseases can be diagnosed by detailed history taking and physical examination, but in many cases, biopsy must be performed to make a definite diagnosis.

Aims And Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the clinico-pathological concordance of scalp lesions showing alopecia.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records and biopsy slides of patients who underwent biopsy for evaluating scalp lesions showing alopecia.