Simultaneous utilization of CO and potassium-rich biomass for the environmentally friendly production of potassium formate.

The C chemical species, potassium formate (K(HCO)), known as a two-electron reducing agent, finds application in the synthesis of multi-carbon compounds, including oxalate, and plays a crucial role not only in the food and pharmaceutical industries but also across various sectors. However, the direct hydrogenation of CO to produce K(HCO) remains a challenge. Addressing this issue, efficient production of K(HCO) is achieved by integrating CO hydrogenation in a trickle-bed reactor using a heterogeneous catalyst with a novel separation method that utilizes potassium ions from biomass ash for formic acid derivative product isolation.

Protocol to operate a large-scale CO hydrogenation process for formic acid production.

Formic acid is a viable product of CO utilization. Here, we present a protocol for designing and operating a pilot-scale formic acid production plant with a 10 kg/day capacity produced via CO hydrogenation. We describe the essential process specifications required for successful operation, including prevention of corrosion and formic acid decomposition.

An Efficient and Practical System for the Synthesis of N,N-Dimethylformamide by CO Hydrogenation using a Heterogeneous Ru Catalyst: From Batch to Continuous Flow.

In the context of CO utilization, a number of CO conversion methods have been identified in laboratory-scale research; however, only a very few transformations have been successfully scaled up and implemented industrially. The main bottleneck in realizing industrial application of these CO conversions is the lack of industrially viable catalytic systems and the need for practically implementable process developments. In this study, a simple, highly efficient and recyclable ruthenium-grafted bisphosphine-based porous organic polymer (Ru@PP-POP) catalyst has been developed for the hydrogenation of CO to N,N-dimethylformamide, which affords a highest ever turnover number of 160 000 and an initial turnover frequency of 29 000 h in a batch process.

Hydrogenation of CO to Formate using a Simple, Recyclable, and Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst.

Today, one of the most imperative targets to realize the conversions of CO in industry is the development of practically viable catalytic systems that demonstrate excellent activity, selectivity, and durability. Herein, a simple heterogeneous Ru(III) catalyst is prepared by immobilizing commercially available RuCl· xHO onto a bipyridine-functionalized covalent triazine framework, [bpy-CTF-RuCl], for the first time. This novel catalyst efficiently hydrogenates CO into formate with an unprecedented turnover frequency (38800 h) and selectivity.

Synergistic effect of nano-Pt and Ni spine for HER in alkaline solution: hydrogen spillover from nano-Pt to Ni spine.

The design of active, stable, and cost-effective electrocatalysts for the H evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline conditions is important for electrochemical systems such as the chloro-alkaline process and H production. Here we report catalysts comprising Pt on Ni single crystalline spines (Pt/Ni-SP) with high activity and stability for HER in alkaline solution with proposed mechanism. The Pt/Ni-SP catalysts are prepared by dispersing platinum nanoparticles (1.

A Highly Efficient Heterogenized Iridium Complex for the Catalytic Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Formate.

A heterogenized catalyst on a highly porous covalent triazine framework was synthesized and characterized to have a coordination environment similar to that of its homogeneous counterpart. The catalyst efficiently converted CO2 into formate through hydrogenation with a turnover number of 5000 after 2 h and an initial turnover frequency of up to 5300 h(-1) ; both of these values are the highest reported to date for a heterogeneous catalyst, which makes it attractive toward industrial application. Furthermore, the synthesized catalyst was found to be stable in air and was recycled by simple filtration without significant loss of catalytic activity.

Structural insights into the efficient CO2-reducing activity of an NAD-dependent formate dehydrogenase from Thiobacillus sp. KNK65MA.

CO2 fixation is thought to be one of the key factors in mitigating global warming. Of the various methods for removing CO2, the NAD-dependent formate dehydrogenase from Candida boidinii (CbFDH) has been widely used in various biological CO2-reduction systems; however, practical applications of CbFDH have often been impeded owing to its low CO2-reducing activity. It has recently been demonstrated that the NAD-dependent formate dehydrogenase from Thiobacillus sp.

Efficient CO2-reducing activity of NAD-dependent formate dehydrogenase from Thiobacillus sp. KNK65MA for formate production from CO2 gas.

NAD-dependent formate dehydrogenase (FDH) from Candida boidinii (CbFDH) has been widely used in various CO2-reduction systems but its practical applications are often impeded due to low CO2-reducing activity. In this study, we demonstrated superior CO2-reducing properties of FDH from Thiobacillus sp. KNK65MA (TsFDH) for production of formate from CO2 gas.

Water is a key factor to alter the structure and electrochemical properties of carboxylate-bridged dimanganese(II) complexes.

The synthesis and physical properties of dimanganese(II) compounds with varying numbers of water ligands housed in the four bulky carboxylate motifs, including the first complex with a parallelogram core {Mn2(μ-OH2)2(μ-O2CR)}(3+) unit, are described. The isolation of these complexes revealed how water could alter the structural and electrochemical properties of similar carboxylate-bridged dimanganese(II) cores that may occur in a variety of active sites of Mn-containing metalloenzymes. These studies support the notion that water molecules in coordination spheres of active sites of metalloproteins are not a simple spectator medium but the modulation factor of structures and functions.

Graphene-NiO nanohybrid prepared by dry plasma reduction as a low-cost counter electrode material for dye-sensitized solar cells.

NiO nanoparticles (NPs) were hybridized on the surface of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) by dry plasma reduction (DPR) at atmospheric pressure without any toxic chemicals and at a low temperature. NiO-NPs of 0.5-3 nm size, with a typical size of 1.

3-Carbamoyl-1-(2-nitrobenzyl)pyridin-ium bromide.

In the title compound, C(13)H(12)N(3)O(3) (+)·Br(-), the benzene and pyridinium rings form a dihedral angle of 82.0 (1)°. In the crystal, N-H⋯Br and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the components into chains along [001].

Stereospecific growth of densely populated rutile mesoporous TiO2 nanoplate films: a facile low temperature chemical synthesis approach.

We report for the first time, using a simple and environmentally benign chemical method, the low temperature synthesis of densely populated upright-standing rutile TiO(2) nanoplate films onto a glass substrate from a mixture of titanium trichloride, hydrogen peroxide and thiourea in triply distilled water. The rutile TiO(2) nanoplate films (the phase is confirmed from x-ray diffraction analysis, selected area electron diffraction, energy-dispersive x-ray analysis, and Raman shift) are 20-35 nm wide and 100-120 nm long. The chemical reaction kinetics for the growth of these upright-standing TiO(2) nanoplate films is also interpreted.

Preparation of mesostructured barium sulfate with high surface area by dispersion method and its characterization.

The spherical and cubic mesoporous BaSO(4) particles with high surface area were successfully produced via one-step process through precipitation reaction in aqueous solution of Ba(OH)(2) and H(2)SO(4) with ethylene glycol (n-HOCH(2)CH(2)OH) as a modifying agent. The BaSO(4) nanomaterial revealed that the high surface area and the mesoporous was stable up to 400 degrees C. Agglomerate mesoporous barium sulfate nanomaterials were obtained by the reaction of Ba(2+) and SO(2-)(4) with ethylene glycol aqueous solution.