A survey on the cosmetic use of injectable polynucleotide: The pattern of practice among Korean Dermatologists.

Background: Skin boosters denote injectables that promote global improvement of the skin which includes skin texture, elasticity, hydration, and overall appearance. Polynucleotide (PN) products have become popular, but there is surprisingly little guidance on their use. We aimed to maximize the safety and efficacy of injectable PN by providing information on their pattern of practice among board-certified dermatologists.

Lip Lifting Efficacy of Hyaluronic Acid Filler Injections: A Quantitative Assessment Using 3-Dimensional Photography.

The study aimed to compare the volume enhancement and the lifting capacity of two different hyaluronic acid gels for lip injection. Thirty-six Korean female patients were randomized into two groups according to the cross-linking degree of the hyaluronic acid filler injected. Using a fixed injection protocol, patients were injected with 1 mL of hyaluronic acid filler in the lips and followed up at four and 12 weeks after injection.

An Update on the Cosmetic Use of Botulinum Toxin: The Pattern of Practice among Korean Dermatologists.

The efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin injection have made it a popular aesthetic procedure worldwide. A cross-sectional survey was performed in order to determine the pattern of type A botulinum toxin injections in cosmetic practice, for which an 18-item questionnaire was distributed to dermatologists. A total of 469 Korean board-certified dermatologists participated in the survey, with the following results: the main candidates for type A botulinum toxin injection were individuals in their 40-50 years (46.

Efficacy and safety of incobotulinum toxin A in periocular rhytides and masseteric hypertrophy: side-by-side comparison with onabotulinum toxin A.

Background: Incobotulinum is a newly developed botulinum toxin A in which the complexing proteins had been removed.

Objective: The aim was to compare the efficacy and safety of incobotulinum with onabotulinum in treating periocular rhytides and masseteric hypertrophy.

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, split-face study was planned.

Botulinum toxin A treatment for contouring of the lower leg.

Background: Botulinum toxin type A is widely used in the treatment of bilateral masseteric hypertrophy in Asians. Botulinum toxin A may have plausible effects on the oversized calf muscles that cause mental distress in Korean women.

Objective: We report our successful use of botulinum toxin A in the treatment of two patients with muscular legs.

Alteration of the TGF-beta/SMAD pathway in intrinsically and UV-induced skin aging.

In an effort to characterize transforming growth factor (TGF-beta) signaling and to determine its association with the aging and photoaging processes, we directly compared the expressions of TGF-beta/SMAD in intrinsically aged and photoaged human skin in vivo. By using an RNase protection assay and by immunohistochemistry, we found that the expression levels of TbetaRII mRNA and protein in the epidermis of the forearm (sun-exposed) of the elderly were significantly lower than that of the upper-inner arm (sun-protected) skin of the same individual. In the epidermis, the expressions of Smad7 mRNA in both the intrinsically aged and photoaged skin of the elderly were higher than in the sun-protected skin of the young, and this was elevated in the photoaged epidermis.