Substance Use is Associated With College Students' Acute Parasympathetic Nervous System Responses to Challenge.

College students use substances for varied reasons, including to cope with stress. The parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) regulates bodily functions to promote energy conservation (the 'rest and digest' response), and individuals differ in their physiological sensitivity to challenge. It remains unclear whether greater PNS responses (i.

Perceptions of Temporal Selves: Continuity, Psychological Outcomes, and the Significance of a Disadvantaged Background.

Psychologists and philosophers have argued that a consistent self-concept is essential for mental health and well-being. Differences in individuals' backgrounds-specifically, their financial resources-may be instrumental to understanding these relationships. This research: (1) tested the continuity of self-perceptions, (2) investigated if perceptions of the past and future self predicted depression and well-being, and (3) explored whether continuity and its relationship to psychological outcomes varied across SES.

Impact of cytomegalovirus on outcomes in acute severe ulcerative colitis: a retrospective observational study.

Background: Concomitant cytomegalovirus (CMV) is highly prevalent in acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) but data for outcomes of CMV positivity in ASUC and the benefit of antiviral therapy remain unclear.

Objectives: We aim to determine the impact of CMV positivity, and antiviral therapy, on outcomes such as colectomy-free survival, length of hospital stay and readmission rate, among hospitalized patients with ASUC.

Design: This is a retrospective, multicentre study of patients admitted with ASUC.

Variation of Surface Propensity of Halides with Droplet Size and Temperature: The Planar Interface Limit.

The radial number density profiles of halide and alkali ions in aqueous clusters with equimolar radius ≲1.4 nm, which correspond to ≲255 HO molecules, have been extensively studied by computations. However, the surface abundance of Cl, Br, and I relative to the bulk interior in these smaller clusters may not be representative of the larger systems.

Robotic arm-assisted unicondylar knee arthroplasty resulted in superior radiological accuracy: a propensity score-matched analysis.

Introduction: Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is an effective surgical treatment for medial compartment arthritis of the knee, yet surgical outcomes are directly related to surgical execution. Robotic arm-assisted surgery aims to address these difficulties by allowing for detailed preoperative planning, real-time intraoperative assessment and haptic-controlled bone removal. This study aimed to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes between conventional manual mobile bearing and robot arm-assisted fixed bearing medial UKA in our local population.

Deviation from Design: A Meta-Analytic Review on the Link Between Social Media Use and Less Connection Between the Self and Others.

Social media were designed to connect people and support interpersonal relationships. However, whether social media use is linked to the connection between the self and others is unknown. The present research reviewed findings across psychology to address whether social media use is linked to defining and expressing the self as connected to others (i.

Delayed pleuroperitoneal leak in an otherwise uncomplicated course of peritoneal dialysis.

Key Clinical Message: Pleuroperitoneal leaks are rare and normally arise as an early complication in peritoneal dialysis. This case illustrates the importance of considering pleuroperitoneal leaks as a cause for pleural effusions-even if peritoneal dialysis has been longstanding and uncomplicated.

Abstract: A 66-year-old male on peritoneal dialysis for 15 months presented with dyspnoea and low ultrafiltration volumes.

Limitations of Atomistic Molecular Dynamics to Reveal Ejection of Proteins from Charged Nanodroplets.

Atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) is frequently used to unravel the mechanisms of macroion release from electrosprayed droplets. However, atomistic MD is currently feasible for only the smallest window of droplet sizes appearing at the end steps of a droplet's lifetime. The relevance of the observations made to the actual droplet evolution, which is much longer than the simulated sizes, has not been addressed yet in the literature.

Representation of Women in Internal Medicine Specialties in North America, the United Kingdom, and Australasia: Cardiology's Outlier Status and the Importance of Diversity.

Decades of research demonstrate the value of workplace diversity. Reports from individual countries show that women are underrepresented in internal medicine workforces. However, large pooled international studies are not available.

Salt Enrichment and Dynamics in the Interface of Supercooled Aqueous Droplets.

The interconversion reaction of NaCl between the contact-ion pair (CIP) and the solvent-separated ion pair (SSIP) as well as the free-ion state in cold droplets has not yet been investigated. We report direct computational evidence that the lower is the temperature, the closer to the surface the ion interconversion reaction takes place. In supercooled droplets the enrichment of the subsurface in salt becomes more evident.

Conical Shape Fluctuations Determine the Rate of Ion Evaporation and the Emitted Cluster Size Distribution from Multicharged Droplets.

The ion evaporation mechanism (IEM) is perceived to be a major pathway for disintegration of multi-ion charged droplets found in atmospheric and sprayed aerosols. However, the precise mechanism of IEM and the effect of the nature of the ions in the emitted cluster size distribution have not yet been established despite its broad use in mass spectrometry and atmospheric chemistry over the past half century. Here, we present a systematic study of the emitted ion cluster distribution in relation to their spatial distribution in the parent droplet using atomistic modeling.

Effectiveness and safety of the direct oral anticoagulants in non-triple positive antiphospholipid syndrome without prior arterial thromboembolism.

Thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome (TAPS) is an autoimmune disorder that manifests with venous thromboembolism (VTE) and/or arterial thromboembolism (ATE) in the presence of persistent antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs). Recent trials have failed to demonstrate non-inferiority of the direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) compared to vitamin K antagonists as anticoagulation in TAPS, but there is a subgroup of non-triple positive patients without prior ATE in who only limited data exists. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of DOACs in non-triple positive TAPS without prior ATE.

Low Density Interior in Supercooled Aqueous Nanodroplets Expels Ions to the Subsurface.

The interaction between water and ions within droplets plays a key role in the chemical reactivity of atmospheric and man-made aerosols. Here we report direct computational evidence that in supercooled aqueous nanodroplets a lower density core of tetrahedrally coordinated water expels the cosmotropic ions to the denser and more disordered subsurface. In contrast, at room temperature, depending on the nature of the ion, the radial distribution in the droplet core is nearly uniform or elevated toward the center.

Is Seeing Believing? A Longitudinal Study of Vividness of the Future and Its Effects on Academic Self-Efficacy and Success in College.

This research followed students over their first 2 years of college. During this time, many students lose sight of their goals, leading to poor academic performance and leaving STEM and business majors. This research was the first to examine longitudinal changes in future vividness, how those changes impact academic success, and identify sex differences in those relationships.

Relation between Ejection Mechanism and Ion Abundance in the Electric Double Layer of Droplets.

Charged droplets have been associated with distinct chemical reactivity. It is assumed that the composition of the surface layer plays a critical role in enhancing the reaction rates in the droplets relative to their bulk solution counterparts. We use atomistic modeling to relate the localization of ions in the surface layer to their ejection propensity.

A retrospective comparison of cognitive performance in individuals with advanced Parkinson's Disease in Hong Kong and Canada.

A deeper understanding of the cross-cultural applicability of cognitive tests across countries and cultures is needed to better equip neuropsychologists for the assessment of patients from diverse backgrounds. Our study compared cognitive test scores in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) at the Prince of Wales Hospital ( = 63; Hong Kong) and the Foothills Medical Center ( = 20; Calgary, Canada). The groups did not differ in age or sex ( > .

Proteomic Analysis Reveals Autism-Associated Gene Regulates Proteins Associated with Mitochondrial Organization and Function.

DIX-domain containing 1 (Dixdc1) is an important regulator of neuronal development including cortical neurogenesis, neuronal migration and synaptic connectivity, and sequence variants in the gene have been linked to autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Previous studies indicate that Dixdc1 controls neurogenesis through Wnt signaling, whereas its regulation of dendrite and synapse development requires Wnt and cytoskeletal signaling. However, the prediction of these signaling pathways is primarily based on the structure of Dixdc1.

Molecular Characterization of the Surface Excess Charge Layer in Droplets.

The surface excess charge layer (SECL) in droplets has often been associated with distinct chemistry. We examine the effect of the nature of ions in the composition and structure of SECL by using molecular dynamics. We find that in the presence of simple ions the thickness of SECL is invariant not only with respect to droplet size but also with respect to the nature of the ions.

Child concussion recognition and recovery: a community delivered, evidenced-based solution.

Pediatric concussion is a growing health concern. Concussion is generally poorly understood within the community. Many parents are unaware of the signs and varying symptoms of concussion.

Mensuration of the rabbit pituitary gland from computed tomography.

The aim of this retrospective reference interval observational study was to determine the mensuration of the pituitary gland (hypophysis cerebri) by analyzing CT studies in rabbits without clinical evidence of pituitary disease or central neurologic signs. Though diseases of the rabbit pituitary gland are uncommon, the pituitary gland is essential in regulation of the rabbit's endocrine system, as in other species. Currently, there are minimal published studies that detail the rabbit head anatomy on cross-sectional imaging, and even less specifically examining the pituitary gland.

Headache long after pediatric concussion: presence, intensity, interference, and association with cognition.

: Document headache presence, intensity, and interference after concussion(s), as well as examine its association with cognition.: Participants 8-19 years of age were assessed on average 34 months ( = 21.5) after an orthopedic injury (OI, = 29), single concussion ( = 21), or multiple concussions ( = 15).