Relationship Between Poor Sleep and Depressive Symptoms in Korean Elite Youth Athletes.

: Sleep and mental health are crucial to elite youth athletes, who face combined pressures of training, competition, school, and social commitments. We examined the association between sleep and depression in elite youth athletes. : We analyzed data of 248 Korean world-class youth athletes (aged 13-19 years).

Enhanced Carrier Dynamics and Excitation of Optically Stimulated Artificial Synapse Using van der Waals Passivation Layers.

Advances in the semiconductor industry have been limited owing to the constraints imposed by silicon-based CMOS technology; hence, innovative device design approaches are necessary. This study focuses on "more than Moore" approaches, specifically in neuromorphic computing. Although MoS devices have attracted attention as neuromorphic computing candidates, their performances have been limited due to environment-induced perturbations to carrier dynamics and the formation of defect states.

FXR-ApoC2 pathway activates UCP1-mediated thermogenesis by promoting the browning of white adipose tissues.

FXR, encoded by Nh1r4, is a nuclear receptor crucial in regulating bile acid, lipid, and glucose metabolism. Prior research has indicated that activating FXR in the liver and small intestine may offer protection against obesity and metabolic diseases. This study demonstrates the essential role of the FXR-ApoC2 pathway in promoting the browning of white adipose tissue (WAT).

Enhancing the Accuracy of Pedicle Screw Placement Using 3D-Printed Screw-Guiding Techniques in the Lumbosacral Region for Small Breed Dogs: A Cadaveric Study.

A 3D-printed guide is an effective method for accurately placing pedicle screws in dog vertebrae. While a conventional drill guide allows precise pilot hole formation, it can lead to potential screw wobbling during insertion. In this study, we applied a technique that assists with both drilling and screw insertion, and we compared the accuracy of screw placement using this approach with that achieved by the conventional drill guide.

GC1126A, a novel ADAMTS13 mutein, evades autoantibodies in immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) is a rare and life-threatening blood disorder characterized by the formation of blood clots in small blood vessels. It is caused by antibodies targeting the A disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 repeats, member 13 (ADAMTS13), which plays a role in cleaving von Willebrand factor. Most patients with iTTP have autoantibodies against specific domains of the ADAMTS13 protein, particularly the cysteine-rich and spacer domains.

New user authentication method based on eye-writing patterns identified from electrooculography for virtual reality applications.

Demand for user authentication in virtual reality (VR) applications is increasing such as in-app payments, password manager, and access to private data. Traditionally, hand controllers have been widely used for the user authentication in VR environment, with which the users can typewrite a password or draw a pre-registered pattern; however, the conventional approaches are generally inconvenient and time-consuming. In this study, we proposed a new user authentication method based on eye-writing patterns identified using electrooculogram (EOG) recorded from four locations around the eyes in contact with the face-pad of a VR headset.

Real-Time Monitoring of Volatile Organic Compound-Mediated Plant Intercommunication Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Nanosensor.

Plants communicate through volatile organic compounds (VOCs), but real-time monitoring of VOCs for plant intercommunication is not practically possible yet. A nanobionic VOC sensor plant is created to study VOC-mediated plant intercommunication by incorporating surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanosensors into a living plant. This sensor allows real-time monitoring of VOC with a sensitivity down to the parts per trillion level.

The early development of a combined micro- and full-field X-ray fluorescence analysis system using white X-rays at PLS-II.

X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is widely used to analyze elemental distributions in samples. Micro-XRF (µ-XRF), the most basic conventional XRF technique, offers good spatial resolution through precise 2D scanning with a micrometre-sized X-ray source. Recently, synchrotron based XRF analysis platforms have achieved nano-XRF with highly focused X-rays using polycapillary optics or mirrors, leveraging the excellent coherence of synchrotron radiation.

Development of Marine-Degradable Poly(Ester Amide)s with Strong, Up-Scalable, and Up-Cyclable Performance.

Biodegradable polyesters provide an attractive alternative to non-degradable plastics but often encounter a tradeoff between biodegradability and mechanical properties because esters are rotational and lack hydrogen bonds. Conversely, natural polyamides, i.e.

Laparoscopic approach in the surgical treatment of large retrorectal tumors: a short-term experience at a single tertiary center case series in Korea.

Retrorectal tumors, although rare, pose diagnostic and treatment challenges due to their nonspecific symptoms and complex anatomical location. This single-center case series reports short-term outcomes of laparoscopic transabdominal resection as a surgical approach for large retrorectal tumors. Between 2017 and 2020, five patients underwent this procedure.

Probe my Pathway (PmP): a portal to explore the chemical coverage of the human Reactome.

Deciphering pathway-phenotype associations is critical for a system-wide understanding of cells and the chemistry of life. An approach to reach this goal is to systematically modulate pathways pharmacologically. The targeted and controlled regulation of an increasing number of proteins is becoming possible, thanks to the growing list of chemical probes and chemogenomic compounds available to cell biologists, but no resource is available that directly maps these chemical tools on cellular pathways.

Multifunctional fructose-crosslinked fibroin film with a developed β-sheet structure for advanced food packaging.

The replacement of petroleum-based plastic packaging with sustainable biopolymer-based materials is still a significant challenge. In the current study, we present a novel approach to impart the multifunctionality of fibroin film through a facile fructose-mediated crosslinking process. By generating a synergistic effect by inducing the transition to β-sheet structure and introducing covalent bonds within the fibroin chain, we effectively controlled the physicochemical characteristics of fibroin film, resulting in exceptional mechanical properties surpassing previous fibroin-based films.

Construction and Characterization of a Full-Length Infectious cDNA Clone of a Strain of Watermelon Mosaic Virus Isolated from Melon.

Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), a member of the genus Potyvirus, causes serious economic losses in cucurbit crops. For molecular biological studies of viruses, it is necessary to construct an infectious clone that can facilitate gene functional analysis. In this study, we constructed an infectious cDNA clone of WMV genomic RNA by Gibson assembly and evaluated its virulence and symptoms on a variety of host plants.

The DNA demethylase TET1 modifies the impact of maternal folic acid status on embryonic brain development.

Folic acid (FA) is well known to prevent neural tube defects (NTDs), but we do not know why many human NTD cases still remain refractory to FA supplementation. Here, we investigate how the DNA demethylase TET1 interacts with maternal FA status to regulate mouse embryonic brain development. We determined that cranial NTDs display higher penetrance in non-inbred than in inbred Tet1 embryos and are resistant to FA supplementation across strains.

Immunogenicity and protection of a triple repeat domain III mRNA vaccine against Zika virus.

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is primarily transmitted by mosquitoes and often asymptomatic in most individuals. Infection during pregnancy can lead to severe birth defects such as congenital microcephaly, and currently, there is no approved vaccine for ZIKV. Several studies are investigating the development of ZIKV vaccine using DNA and RNA as well as recombinant protein technologies; however, the outcomes thus far have not been consistently noteworthy.

Tailoring resonant modes in dual cavities for transmissive structural colors with high brightness and high purity.

We present quad-layered structural color filters producing transmissive red (R), green (G), and blue (B) colors with high brightness and high purity, where thicknesses of layers for the RGB colors are optimized by using a L-BFGS-B algorithm. To evaluate the performance of the proposed structural color filters, computer-based inverse designs based on meta-heuristic and reinforcement learning algorithms are employed, where the optical properties obtained from the inverse designs are comparable to those shown in our proposed design. A peak separation phenomenon in dual cavities is applied to make a spectral response rectangular, and also a resonance order is optimally tailored to maximize the transmittance at a resonant wavelength with the suppression of undesired higher-order resonances at the same time for achieving pure colors.

Selective PPARδ Agonist GW501516 Protects Against LPS-Induced Macrophage Inflammation and Acute Liver Failure in Mice via Suppressing Inflammatory Mediators.

Inflammation is critical in the development of acute liver failure (ALF). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARδ) regulates anti-inflammatory responses and is protective in several diseases such as obesity and cancer. However, the beneficial effects and underlying mechanisms of PPARδ agonist GW501516 in ALF remain unclear.

Development of High-Aspect-Ratio Soft Magnetic Microarrays for Magneto-Mechanical Actuation via Field-Induced Injection Molding.

Magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) are in demand in the field of high-tech microindustries and nanoindustries such as biomedical applications and soft robotics due to their exquisite magneto-sensitive response. Among various MRE applications, programmable actuators are emerging as promising soft robots because of their combined advantages of excellent flexibility and precise controllability in a magnetic system. Here, we present the development of magnetically programmable soft magnetic microarray actuators through field-induced injection molding using MREs, which consist of styrene-ethylene/butylene styrene (SEBS) elastomer and carbonyl iron powder (CIP).