Correlation between Alzheimer's Disease and Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders.

Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia globally. The pathogenesis is multifactorial and includes deposition of amyloid-β in the central nervous system, presence of intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles and a decreased amount of synapses. It remains uncertain what causes the progression of the disease.

Differences in the Course, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Food Allergies Depending on Age-Comparison of Children and Adults.

Food allergy (FA) has become a common global public health issue, with a growing prevalence in the modern world and a significant impact on the lives of patients, their families, and caregivers. It affects every area of life and is associated with elevated costs. Food allergy is an adverse immune reaction that occurs in response to a given food.

Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a theory-informed resistance exercise training single-arm intervention for major depression.

Unlabelled: Many adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) do not receive effective treatment. The potential benefits of resistance exercise training (RET) are understudied and may be mechanistically related to cerebral blood flow changes.

Purpose: To assess feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a 16-week, theory-informed RET trial for the treatment of MDD and explore changes in cerebral blood flow.

Multisystem Amyloidosis in a Coal Miner with Silicosis: Is Exposure to Silica Dust a Cause of Amyloid Deposition?

The over-secretion of monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains by clonal B cells followed by the aggregation and extracellular deposition of fibrillar deposits are responsible forthe clinical course AL amyloidosis. It is well documented that silica significantly increases the number of immunoglobulin-secreting cells. In the present paper, we report on a coal miner with silicosis and fast progressing primary amyloidosis with predominantly heart, kidney, and lung manifestations.

Increased Granulocyte Heparanase Activity in Neutrophils from Patients with Lupus Nephritis and Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy.

Heparanase is a β-glucuronidase that cleaves sugar chains of heparan sulfate proteoglycans. It is believed that heparanase may be involved in the pathogenesis of proteinuria. The aim of this study was to assess the significance of heparanase in the pathogenesis of particular glomerulonephritis types.

[A continuous murmur in female patient after traffic injury].

A case of a 33 year-old female with continuous murmur was admitted to the hospital for diagnostic purposes. TEE was inconclusive. Coronary angiography revealed an aneurysm of left anterior descending with the fistula to the right ventricle.

[Mitral regurgitation in course of Bland-White-Garland syndrome in female patient after four uncomplicated physiological labours].

A 35-year-old female, mother of 4 children was admitted to the hospital for coronary angiography before scheduled surgical correction of severe mitral insufficiency. During angiography anomalous ostium of left main artery from pulmonary trunk was found. The patient underwent mitral ring correction, implantation of LIMA-LAD graft and ligation of left coronary artery during open heart surgery.

An inconspicuous insect bite as the cause of sepsis in a patient treated with infliximab due to rheumatoid arthritis.

The monoclonal antibody against TNFa (infliximab) suppresses cytokines involved in inflammatory reaction. Consequently, infliximab is a potent agent in treating refractory rheumatoid arthritis (RA). There is also evidence showing beneficial anti-TNFα therapy effect on RA-related amyloidosis AA.

Glomerular lesion and increased cytokine gene expression in renal tissue in patients with decompensated nephrotic syndrome due to chronic GvHD.

The nephrotic syndrome is a rare complication of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT). We present two cases of nephrotic syndrome during chronic graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) involving altered cytokine gene expression in renal tissue. A patient with acute lymphatic leukemia demonstrated nephrotic syndrome due to minimal change disease as a marker of chronic GvHD.

Plasma and urine leukocyte elastase-alpha1protease inhibitor complex as a marker of early and long-term kidney graft function.

Background: Neutrophils are mediators of ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury following kidney transplantation (kTx). Leukocyte elastase (LE) complex with alpha(1)protease inhibitor (LE-alpha(1)PI) is a marker of neutrophil degranulation. The aim of this study was to evaluate LE-alpha(1)PI as a marker of I/R kidney damage and to search for correlations between leukocyte activation and post-transplant complications.

The role of heparanase in diseases of the glomeruli.

The glomerular basement membrane (GBM) is a kind of net that remains in a state of dynamic equilibrium. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are among its most important components. There are much data indicating the significance of these proteoglycans in protecting proteins such as albumins from penetrating to the urine, although some new data indicate that loss of proteoglycans does not always lead to proteinuria.

Increased aortic wall stiffness associated with low circulating fetuin A and high C-reactive protein in predialysis patients.

Background/aims: Vascular calcification and arterial stiffening are cardiovascular risk factors among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The aim of the study was to analyze relationships between inflammatory markers, fetuin A and arterial wall stiffness in CKD patients in the predialysis period and on maintenance dialysis.

Methods: Serum C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), fetuin A, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and other classical markers of atherosclerosis were measured in a group of 155 CKD patients (77 on hemodialysis, HD, 29 on peritoneal dialysis, 49 in CKD stage 5 in the predialysis period) and in 30 healthy volunteers.

Successful revascularisation of a thrombosed renal artery aneurysm in a young man with solitary kidney and history of severe hypertension.

Case report of a 18-year-old patient with long lasting hypertension, who developed acute renal failure, in course of an antihypertensive therapy modification, backgrounded by undiagnosed aneurysm of the solitary kidney renal artery. The acute renal function decrease was caused by single dose of ACE inhibitor causing an equivalent drop in serum ACE activity. Aneurysm excision followed by implantation of a venous bypass normalized restored renal function and blood pressure for over 24 months of observation.

Kidney graft function in long-term cyclosporine and tacrolimus treatment: comparative study with nephrotoxicity markers.

Calcineurin inhibitors improve kidney allograft survival in the posttransplantation period; however, they may cause nephrotoxicity. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of cyclosporine (CsA) and tacrolimus (Tac) treatment on the transplanted kidney. The study included 219 patients aged 21 to 65 years.

IL-18 is involved in vascular injury in end-stage renal disease patients.

Background: The role of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-18 in induction of the inflammatory reaction underlying arteriosclerosis, and protective effect of an anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in this process, have been confirmed by experimental and clinical observations. A systemic inflammatory reaction marker, C-reactive protein (CRP), is known to be associated with the induction of IL-6 and IL-18 release. The chronic inflammatory state associated with renal insufficiency contributes to acceleration of arteriosclerosis, reflected by decreased elasticity which can be measured with aortal pulse wave velocity (PWV).

Myoglobinuria caused by exertional rhabdomyolysis misdiagnosed as psychiatric illness.

Background: Rhabdomyolysis is severe and acute skeletal muscle damage resulting in sarcolemma disruption. During injury, intracellular muscle contents are released into the plasma. The consequences may cause hypovolemia, electrolyte abnormalities, compartment syndrome, or even acute renal failure and dialysis.

Relationship between fetuin-A concentration, elevated levels of inflammatory markers, and arterial wall stiffness in end-stage kidney disease.

The risk of cardiovascular mortality is significantly heightened in chronic dialysis patients. Aortic wall stiffness, as reflected by aortic pulse-wave velocity (PWV), is a strong predictor of cardiovascular events. Loss of the aortic wall's elasticity is accelerated in dialysis patients because of calcifying medial arteriosclerosis, an active cellular process, controlled by calcification inducers and inhibitors.

Kidney transplantation and enzyme alpha-galactosidase A therapy in patient with Fabry disease: a case report.

Fabry disease, an X-linked recessive glycolipid storage disease, is caused by a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme alpha-galactosidase A (alpha-Gal A), which cleaves a fatty substance called globotriaosylceramide (GL3). The abnormal storage of GL3 in blood vessel walls leads to ischemia and necrosis, particularly in blood vessels of the skin, kidneys, heart, brain, and nervous system. The aim of our study was to present the results of cadaveric kidney transplantation with enzyme alpha-Gal A therapy in a patient with Fabry disease.

Elastase deposits in the kidney and urinary elastase excretion in patients with glomerulonephritis--evidence for neutrophil involvement in renal injury.

Objective: Elastase is a key proteolytic enzyme released during polymorphonuclear leukocyte degranulation. There are abundant data of elastase involvement in the development of injury in experimental models of glomerulonephritis (GN), but scant direct evidence of its involvement in human primary GN. The aims of this study were to determine the immunolocalization of elastase deposits in kidney biopsy specimens from patients with primary idiopathic GN, to attempt to correlate the distribution and intensity of deposits with urinary elastase excretion, and to determine clinical markers of renal injury in several types of primary idiopathic GN.

Dissecting aneurysm of the thoracic aorta in a patient with nephrotic syndrome and brucellosis.

We report the case of a 61-year-old man with nephrotic syndrome due to glomerulonephritis and chronic brucellosis complicated by dissecting aortic aneurysm. The patient worked as a veterinarian and was diagnosed for chronic but non-active brucellosis with positive serum test for Brucella melitensis in the past. Administration of cyclosporine in combination with low dose prednisone resulted at least in proteinuria reduction and partial remission for 3 years.

Enzymuria and low molecular weight protein excretion as the differentiating marker of complications in the early post kidney transplantation period.

Renal function in the early post-transplantation period depends largely on factors affecting the kidney prior to implantation. Function of the graft may be also disturbed by the most common complications of the early post-operative period such as acute graft rejection (AGR), acute tubular necrosis (ATN) and may be modified by nephrotoxic action of cyclosporine A (CsA). Evaluation of excretion of enzymes and low molecular weight proteins (LMWP) may help in the differentiation of these complications.

[Haemangiopericytoma of the nasal cavity as a cause of recurrent epistaxis--case report].

A case of haemangiopericytoma of the nasal septum in 73-year-old female admitted to the Department of Otolaryngology of Wroclaw Medical University with a history of recurrent epistaxis and progressive right monolateral nasal respiratory obstruction is reported. On admission presented smooth, cyanotic, easily bleeding lesion in the nasal cavity on the right. Nose CT scans identified presence of a soft-tissue mass arising from the nasal septum.