The Core Curriculum in Cariology: Fiction or Reality? Challenges about Implementation.

Introduction: The Core Curriculum in Cariology (CCC) was developed by ORCA and ADEE in 2010. This article summarizes challenges for the implementation of the CCC at university/country level identified at the "Education Platform" of the ORCA 2022 conference in Cagliari, Sardinia.

Methods: Participants from universities from 3 European (Italy, Poland, and UK), 2 Asian (India and Russia), and 3 American countries (Brazil, Colombia, and USA) led the presentations, discussion, and generation of statements.

Serum Activity of Proteolytic Enzyme Trypsin in Rats under Conditions of Water and Food Deprivation.

Trypsin is mainly regarded as a digestive enzyme, but there is evidence that activation of protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) leads to behavioral changes. There are no data on trypsin activity in the serum of animals under conditions of thirst and starvation in the available literature. In our experiments, water deprivation led to a significant (p⩽0.

Three-dimensional representation of triple spectral line imaging data as an option for noncontact skin diagnostics.

Significance: Skin malformations in dermatology are mostly evaluated subjectively, based on a doctor's experience and visual perception; an option for objective quantitative skin assessment is camera-based spectrally selective diagnostics. Multispectral imaging is a technique capable to provide information about concentrations of the absorbing chromophores and their distribution over the malformation in a noncontact way. Conversion of spectral images into distribution maps of chromophores can be performed by means of the modified Beer-Lambert law.

Teaching Cariology in Asia and Arabia.

The European Organisation for Caries Research education platform 2020 had the aim to assess the undergraduate curriculum in cariology in Asian and Arabian countries in order to support structured teaching of cariology in these countries with about almost half of the global population. Representatives of 4 Asian and 4 Arabian countries completed a comprehensive questionnaire on structure of dental education in their country in general and the extent, the content, the responsibilities, structure and standardization regarding cariology in particular. In spite of a wide range from very few universities (Lebanon 3) to larger numbers of dental schools (India 313, China 121, Russia 52) there were similar statements on the list of content for cariology teaching.

Skin chromophore mapping by smartphone RGB camera under spectral band and spectral line illumination.

Significance: Multispectral imaging enables mapping of chromophore content changes in skin neoplasms, which helps to diagnose a pathology. Different types of light sources can be used for the imaging. Design of laser-based illuminators is more complicated and, consequently, they are more expensive than LED-based illuminators.

Evaluation of developmental competence of Sus scrofa domesticus (L.) oocyte-cumulus complexes after intra- and extraovarian vitrif ication.

The aim of the present study was to identify the inf luence of extra- (EOV) and intraovarian vitrif ication (IOV) on mitochondrial activity (MA) and chromatin state in porcine oocytes during maturation in vitro. During EOV porcine oocytes were exposed in cryoprotective solutions (CPS): CPS-1 - 0.7 M dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) + 0.

CariesCare International adapted for the pandemic in children: Caries OUT multicentre single-group interventional study protocol.

Background: Comprehensive caries care has shown effectiveness in controlling caries progression and improving health outcomes by controlling caries risk, preventing initial-caries lesions progression, and patient satisfaction. To date, the caries-progression control effectiveness of the patient-centred risk-based CariesCare International (CCI) system, derived from ICCMS™ for the practice (2019), remains unproven. With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic a previously planned multi-centre RCT shifted to this "Caries OUT" study, aiming to assess in a single-intervention group in children, the caries-control effectiveness of CCI adapted for the pandemic with non-aerosols generating procedures (non-AGP) and reducing in-office time.

[Evidence-Based Information Which Could Influence Arterial Hypertension Treatment Approach after Publication of SPRINT Trial Results].

The article discusses results of secondary analysis of the data obtained in the SPRINT study and published in recent years. Unresolved issues in the tactics of managing patients with arterial hypertension are discussed. One of such issues is choosing an optimum level of blood pressure (BP) for a subgroup of patients with certain characteristics, including elderly and senile patients, patients with chronic kidney disease, and patients with arterial hypertension who continue smoking.

Dental Caries in 7-17-Year-Old Children in Moscow: A Clinical and a Questionnaire Study.

Purpose: Sparse data is available concerning the distribution of decayed, extracted, filled/decayed, missing, filled tooth surfaces (defs/DMFS) and the impact of influencing risk factors in Moscow. We thus aimed to measure caries experience and to estimate its associations with relevant risk factors in schoolchildren.

Materials And Methods: Data was obtained from 1004 schoolchildren aged 7-17.

Autofluorescence imaging for recurrence detection in skin cancer postoperative scars.

This clinical study is a first attempt to use autofluorescence for recurrence diagnosis of skin cancer in postoperative scars. The proposed diagnostic parameter is based on a reduction in scar autofluorescence, evaluated in the green spectral channel. The validity of the method has been tested on 110 postoperative scars from 56 patients suspected of non-melanoma skin cancer, with eight patients (13 scars) available for the repeated examination.

[Consensus resolution on a modern view on the therapeutic and prophylactic effect of individual oral care products containing fluoride].

The purpose of the publication was to present the materials of the Expert Council Consensus on 'A Modern View on the Treatment and Preventive Effect of Fluoride Containing Personal Oral Care Products', which took place on April 21, 2019 in Moscow (Russia) with the support of the pharmaceutical company JSC GlaskoSmitKlein Helsker. During the work of the expert council, a solution was developed for the safe use of fluoride-containing oral hygiene products as part of fluoride prevention of dental caries. In the real conditions of everyday life, it is advisable for dentists to: use local fluoride-containing agents to know the concentration of fluoride in drinking water and in areas with low and optimal levels of it; recommend fluorides for daily use in small concentrations, for example, for children from 2 years of age to brush their teeth twice a day with fluoride toothpaste for at least 3 minutes; children up to 6 years old, when brushing their teeth once, use no more than a pea-size piece of toothpaste with 500 ppm of fluoride; toothpastes with fluoride concentration from 500 to 5000 ppm should be admitted depending on the risk level of caries development; rinses with a fluoride concentration of 0.

[Not Available].

In this article we deal with the problem of low adherence of patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) to drug therapy congruent to current recommendations including patients who underwent invasive interventions aimed at myocardial revascularization. Based on analysis of literature, we undertake an attempt to answer the question: which of components of this therapy patients with IHD are the least likely to continue taking? We also discuss approaches to the search for optimal composition of a combination preparation with fixed doses of an adreno-blocker and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor. Based on analysis of literature we undertook an attempt to answer a question: which of components of this therapy patients with IHD are least likely to continue taking.

[Current ideas of a complex relationship between atrial fibrillation and ischemic heart disease and of optimum tactics for anticoagulant therapy to prevent embolism in systemic circulation].

The article discusses the issue of searching for optimum oral anticoagulants to prevent thrombosis and embolism induced by heart disease both in patients with atrial fibrillation and sinus rhythm. A complex bidirectional relationship between atrial fibrillation and coronary atherosclerosis is considered along with possible mechanisms for development of myocardial infarction in patients with atrial fibrillation. The authors provided evidence-based data which can be used in selecting an anticoagulant for prevention of heart disease induced thrombosis and embolism taking into account both the efficacy and safety established in randomized clinical studies.

Study of smartphone suitability for mapping of skin chromophores.

RGB (red-green-blue) technique for mapping skin chromophores by smartphones is proposed and studied. Three smartphones of different manufacturers were tested on skin phantoms and in vivo on benign skin lesions using a specially designed light source for illumination. Hemoglobin and melanin indices obtained by these smartphones showed differences in both tests.

Outcomes 18 years after implementation of a nonoperative caries preventive program--the Nexö-method--on children in Moscow, Russia.

Objectives: To report the long-term effect (18 years) of the Nexö-method, initially implemented in groups of children in Moscow in 1994.

Methods: Three groups of children were included in the initial study in 1994. This study is a follow-up study of two of the three initial groups: a group of 6-year-olds (test group6 ; control group6 ) and a group of 11-year-olds (test group11 , control group11) , n = 50 individuals in each of the four subgroups.

Noncontact monitoring of vascular lesion phototherapy efficiency by RGB multispectral imaging.

A prototype low-cost RGB imaging system consisting of a commercial RGB CMOS sensor, RGB light-emitting diode ring light illuminator, and a set of polarizers was designed and tested for mapping the skin erythema index, in order to monitor skin recovery after phototherapy of vascular lesions, such as hemangiomas and telangiectasias. The contrast of erythema index (CEI) was proposed as a parameter for quantitative characterization of vascular lesions. Skin recovery was characterized as a decrease of the CEI value relative to the value before the treatment.

[The role of alternative approaches to antiischemic therapy in patients with stable coronary artery disease].

Contemporary approach to antianginal therapy in patients with stable are reviewed. Benefits and limitations of "standard" antiischemic therapy and evidence-based data about alternative therapy with nicorandil are discussed in details.

[Restoration of the physical working capacity in the patients presenting with bronchial asthma and excessive body weight at the stage of therapy. A new medical technology].

The proposed technology of rehabilitative treatment of the patients presenting with bronchial asthma and excessive body weight is based on the selective approach and physical rehabilitation programs adapted to the specific requirements of individual patients. It is shown that the dosed high-intensity physical exercises with the use of ergo-training simulators make up a safe and efficacious tool for the treatment of overweight asthmatic patients.

[SAYP interacts with DHR3 nuclear receptor and participates in ecdysone-dependent transcription regulation].

The role of metazoan coactivator SAYP in nuclear receptor-driven gene activation in the ecdysone cascade of Drosophila is considered. SAYP interacts with DHR3 nuclear receptor and activates the corresponding genes by recruiting the BTFly (Brahma and TFIID) coactivator supercomplex. The knockdown of SAYP leads to a decrease in the level of DHR3-activated transcription.

Clinical evaluation of melanomas and common nevi by spectral imaging.

A clinical trial on multi-spectral imaging of malignant and non-malignant skin pathologies comprising 17 melanomas and 65 pigmented common nevi was performed. Optical density data of skin pathologies were obtained in the spectral range 450-950 nm using the multispectral camera Nuance EX. An image parameter and maps capable of distinguishing melanoma from pigmented nevi were proposed.

Towards noncontact skin melanoma selection by multispectral imaging analysis.

A clinical trial comprising 334 pigmented and vascular lesions has been performed in three Riga clinics by means of multispectral imaging analysis. The imaging system Nuance 2.4 (CRi) and self-developed software for mapping of the main skin chromophores were used.