Structure of the O-polysaccharide from the moderately halophilic bacterium Halomonas fontilapidosi KR26.

Lipopolysaccharide was obtained from the aerobic moderately halophilic bacterium Halomonas fontilapidosi KR26. The O-polysaccharide was isolated by mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide and was examined by chemical methods and by H and C NMR spectroscopy, including H,H COSY, TOCSY, ROESY, and H,C HSQC, and HMBC experiments. The following structure of the linear tetrasaccharide repeating unit was deduced.

Inhibition of lysyl oxidases synergizes with 5-azacytidine to restore erythropoiesis in myelodysplastic and myeloid malignancies.

Limited response rates and frequent relapses during standard of care with hypomethylating agents in myelodysplastic neoplasms (MN) require urgent improvement of this treatment indication. Here, by combining 5-azacytidine (5-AZA) with the pan-lysyl oxidase inhibitor PXS-5505, we demonstrate superior restoration of erythroid differentiation in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) of MN patients in 20/31 cases (65%) versus 9/31 cases (29%) treated with 5-AZA alone. This effect requires direct contact of HSPCs with bone marrow stroma components and is dependent on integrin signaling.

Nanoliter Scale Parallel Liquid-Liquid Extraction for High-Throughput Purification on a Droplet Microarray.

In the current drug discovery process, the synthesis of compound libraries is separated from biological screenings both conceptually and technologically. One of the reasons is that parallel on-chip high-throughput purification of synthesized compounds is still a major challenge. Here, on-chip miniaturized high-throughput liquid-liquid extraction in volumes down to 150 nL with efficiency comparable to or better than large-scale extraction utilizing separation funnels is demonstrated.

Equilibrium droplet shapes on chemically patterned surfaces: theoretical calculation, phase-field simulation, and experiments.

Hypothesis: Droplet wetting on a solid substrate is affected by the surface heterogeneity. Introducing patterned wettability on the solid substrate is expected to engender anisotropic wetting morphologies, thereby manipulating droplet wetting behaviors. However, when the droplet size is comparable with that of the surface heterogeneity, the wetting morphologies cannot be depicted by the quintessential Cassie's theory but should be possible to be predicted from the perspective of thermodynamics via surface energy minimization.

Designing Inherently Photodegradable Cell-Adhesive Hydrogels for 3D Cell Culture.

Light-based microfabrication techniques constitute an indispensable approach to fabricate tissue assemblies, benefiting from noncontact spatially and temporarily controlled manipulation of soft matter. Light-triggered degradation of soft materials, such as hydrogels, is important in tissue engineering, bioprinting, and related fields. The photoresponsiveness of hydrogels is generally not intrinsic and requires complex synthetic procedures wherein photoresponsive crosslinking groups are incorporated into the hydrogel.

Liquid Wells as Self-Healing, Functional Analogues to Solid Vessels.

Liquids are traditionally handled and stored in solid vessels. Solid walls are not functional, adaptive, or self-repairing, and are difficult to remove and re-form. Liquid walls can overcome these limitations, but cannot form free-standing 3D walls.

[Histocompatibility antigens and the solitary keratoacanthoma].

Standard microlymphocytic cytotoxic test was used in 43 cases of solitary keratoacanthoma. Increased incidence of HLA-B16 and HLA-B18 antigens was established. Presence of HLA-A2 was shown to adversely influence the course of the disease.

[Effect of the cerebellum on the motor activity of the stomach in the scorpion fish, Scorpaena porcus].

It has been shown that after cerebellectomy or electrical stimulation of the cerebellum in the fish the motor activity of its stomach undergoes significant changes. From the 1st to the 5th day after cerebellectomy, the frequency and amplitude of the stomach contractions decrease. These indices return to the initial level only to the 7th day after the operation.

[Gastric motor activity in Varanus griseus lizards].

Motor activity of the stomach in V. griseus consists of contractions which follow the rhythm of 7-10 movements per 15 min. In contrast to tortoises, no periodic hunger activity of the stomach was observed in the lizard.

[Effect of ergotoxin on gastric motility in the skate, frog and turtle].

DG-erotoxine (SPOFA)--200 mg/kh b. w. has no effect to the motor activity in scates.

[Comparative physiological characteristics of the action of pentagastrin on gastric secretion in fish, frogs, turtles and chickens].

The same preparation of pentagastrin, which is highly effective in dogs (threshold dose 0.3 mug/kg), has been tested on fishes, frogs, tortoises and hens. In fishes (rays), the threshold dose was equal to 50 mug/kg; the drug only increased juice secretion, but did not decrease pH of the juice.

[The effect of pentagastrin and ornithine-tetragastrin on motor activity of the stomach in skates and scorpion-fish].

Low doses of pentagastrin (50 mug/kg b. w.) have no physiological effect on motor activity of the stomach in the skate Dasyatis pastinaca.

[The effect of cerebellectomy on motor activity of the stomach in the ray Dasyatis pastinaca].

It has been shown that after cerebellectomy in rays, motor activity of the stomach undergoes significant changes. From the 1st day after the operation, the frequency of stomach contractions diminishes from 8.30+/-0.