The Greenhouse gas Observations of Biospheric and Local Emissions from the Upper sky (GOBLEU): a mission overview, instrument description, and results from the first flight.

Background: The Greenhouse gas Observations of Biospheric and Local Emissions from the Upper sky (GOBLEU) is a new joint project by Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and ANA HOLDING INC. (ANAHD), which operates ANA flights. GOBLEU aims to visualizes our climate mitigation effort progress in support of subnational climate mitigation by collecting greenhouse gas (GHG) data as well as relevant data for emissions (nitrous dioxide, NO) and removals (Solar-Induced Fluorescence, SIF) from regular passenger flights.

Light, Energy and the Environment, 2018: introduction to the joint feature issue.

This joint feature issue of Optics Express and Applied Optics highlights contributions from authors who presented their latest research at the OSA Light, Energy and the Environment Congress, held in Sentosa Island, Singapore from 5 to 8 November 2018. The joint feature issue comprises 11 contributed papers, which expand upon their respective conference proceedings. The published papers introduced here cover a broad range of timely research topics in optics and photonics for lighting and illumination, solar energy, hyperspectral imaging, and environmental sensing.

Light, Energy and the Environment, 2018: introduction to the joint feature issue.

This joint feature issue of Optics Express and Applied Optics highlights contributions from authors who presented their latest research at the OSA Light, Energy and the Environment Congress, held in Sentosa Island, Singapore from 5-8 November 2018. The joint feature issue comprises 11 contributed papers, which expand upon their respective conference proceedings. The published papers introduced here cover a broad range of timely research topics in optics and photonics for lighting and illumination, solar energy, hyperspectral imaging, and environmental sensing.

Validation of mobile in situ measurements of dairy husbandry emissions by fusion of airborne/surface remote sensing with seasonal context from the Chino Dairy Complex.

Mobile in situ concentration and meteorology data were collected for the Chino Dairy Complex in the Los Angeles Basin by AMOG (AutoMObile trace Gas) Surveyor on 25 June 2015 to characterize husbandry emissions in the near and far field in convoy mode with MISTIR (Mobile Infrared Sensor for Tactical Incident Response), a mobile upwards-looking, column remote sensing spectrometer. MISTIR reference flux validated AMOG plume inversions at different information levels including multiple gases, GoogleEarth imagery, and airborne trace gas remote sensing data. Long-term (9-yr.

Japan's efforts to promote global health using satellite remote sensing data from the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency for prediction of infectious diseases and air quality.

In this paper we review the status of new applications research of the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) for global health promotion using information derived from Earth observation data by satellites in cooperation with inter-disciplinary collaborators. Current research effort at JAXA to promote global public health is focused primarily on the use of remote sensing to address two themes: (i) prediction models for malaria and cholera in Kenya, Africa; and (ii) air quality assessment of small, particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3).

Characterization and correction of spectral distortions induced by microvibrations onboard the GOSAT Fourier transform spectrometer.

Microvibrations onboard greenhouse gases observing satellite (GOSAT) cause scan speed variations in the TANSO Fourier transform spectrometer. The associated periodic sampling errors generate ghost features in O2 A-band spectra, where surface pressure and aerosol properties are retrieved to determine the optical path through the atmosphere. A correction algorithm has been developed to re-compute the interferograms at equally spaced sampling intervals.

An autopsy case of carbamazepine poisoning.

We present a case of fatal carbamazepine poisoning. Quantitative analysis of carbamazepine using high performance liquid chromatography, revealed that the concentrations of carbamazepine were 50.2 microg/ml in the femoral venous blood and 60.

Mountaintop observation of CO2 absorption spectra using a short wavelength infrared Fourier transform spectrometer.

The absorption spectra of surface-scattered solar radiation were measured from the top of Mount Tsukuba (altitude 833 m) in the short wavelength infrared region using a Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS). The FTS used in this experiment was the breadboard model of the FTS on the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite, which was launched on 23 January 2009. In situ measurement of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) from a Cessna airplane was performed simultaneously with the FTS observation.

Thermal and near infrared sensor for carbon observation Fourier-transform spectrometer on the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite for greenhouse gases monitoring.

The Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) monitors carbon dioxide (CO(2)) and methane (CH(4)) globally from space using two instruments. The Thermal and Near Infrared Sensor for Carbon Observation Fourier-Transform Spectrometer (TANSO-FTS) detects gas absorption spectra of the solar short wave infrared (SWIR) reflected on the Earth's surface as well as of the thermal infrared radiated from the ground and the atmosphere. TANSO-FTS is capable of detecting three narrow bands (0.

Determination of saccharides labelled with a fluorescent reagent, DBD-ProCZ, by liquid chromatography.

Saccharides were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after precolumn tagging with 4-(2-carbazoylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-7-(N,N-dimethylaminosulphonyl )-2,1, 3-benzoxadiazole (DBD-ProCZ). The tagging conditions were optimized with D-glucose. Monosaccharides and oligosaccharides were efficiently labelled under conditions of 65 degrees C for 180 min in water: acetonitrile mixture containing 0.

[Studies on the nontuberculous lung mycobacteriosis in Japan. (Report of the study in the year 1987 and 1988 of the Mycobacteriosis Research Group of the Japanese National Chest Hospitals)--pulmonary infection caused by Mycobacterium kansasii has begun to appear in all over Japan including north Japan Hokkaido].

Unlabelled: In this study, the Mycobacteriosis Research Group of the Japanese National Chest Hospitals (MRG) presents the reports of study years 1987 and 1988. As reported previously**, pulmonary infection caused by Mycobacterium kansasii occurred principally in South-West Japan (prefectures South-West of Tokyo) and did not appear in North Japan. However, this disease appeared in 1987 and 1988 in Hokkaido (Sapporo Hospital).

Pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteriosis showing wandering shadows in chest roentgenograms.

The case of a 68-year-old woman with pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteriosis, whose chest roentgenograms showed unusual wandering shadows on separate occasions, is presented. Acid-fast bacilli were detected in her sputa and by bronchial washing, and were identified as Mycobacterium chelonae, subspecies abscessus. The findings of computed tomography and transbronchial lung biopsy were also unique because of multiple peribronchial inflammations.

[Identification of nontuberculous mycobacteria isolated from clinical materials and some comments on it].

Six mycobacterial strains which were isolated and identified with some suspicions in five hospitals in Japan were retested for their biological and biochemical characteristics for correct identification at the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shimane Medical University. One strain originally classified as Group IV Mycobacterium, and two unidentified strains were presently identified as Mycobacterium nonchromogenicum complex. Two strains originally identified as M.

Studies on the epidemiology of nontuberculous mycobacteriosis in Japan.

The epidemiology of mycobacterial disease in Japan changed considerably over the period 1971 to 1984. During this time, the incidence of pulmonary disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis has steadily declined; disease caused by M. avium complex has remained stable; disease caused by M.

IgG antibody level to mycobacterial glycoprotein in pulmonary tuberculosis by ELISA.

Sera from patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and sera from appropriate control individuals were assayed for IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies against glycoprotein from tubercle bacilli by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mean antibody levels in IgG and IgA were significantly higher in the tuberculosis patients than in the controls. By measuring IgG antibody, this assay may provide a diagnostic tool to distinguish patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis from patients with other pulmonary disease.