Diagnostic evaluation of hypersensitivity reactions to arylpropionic acid derivatives: a descriptive observational study focusing on clinical characteristics and potential risk factors in children.

Background: Arylpropionic acid derivatives (APs) are the main triggers of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) hypersensitivity. Data on clinical patterns and risk factors for AP hypersensitivity in children are quite limited.

Aim: To assess the clinical characteristics and potential risk factors for proven AP hypersensitivity in children.

Lower Arginine Bioavailability, Increased FeNO Levels, and Airway Resistance on Impulse Oscillometry Are Characteristics of Asthma in Children and Young Adults with Sickle Cell Disease.

: Data on characteristics of asthma in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) is conflicting. Recently, the L-arginine pathway has gained attention in the pathogenesis of asthma and SCD. This study aimed to determine the distinctive clinical and laboratory features and the role of arginine metabolism in asthmatic children with SCD.

Toxic Skin Reactions Should Be Differentiated from Allergic Reactions to Chemotherapeutic Drugs in Children: A Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Chemotherapeutic drugs can lead to a wide spectrum of cutaneous findings, ranging from nonimmune toxic reactions to severe immune-mediated hypersensitivity reactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical, histopathological features, and prognosis of toxic skin reactions to chemotherapeutic drugs and to compare them with characteristics of immune-mediated reactions in children with malignancies. The medical records of all children with cancer who experienced skin reactions after chemotherapy administration and diagnosed as a toxic skin reaction between 2010 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.

Evaluation of different protocols for classification of pediatric hypersensitivity reactions to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: Children with underlying allergic disease should be a separate subgroup.

Different recommendations for the classification of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug hypersensitivity reactions (NSHSR) in children have been reported but a shortage still exists. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the inclusivity of two European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) position paper classifications and to characterize the factors that underlie classification discordance in children. Patients with a history of NSHSR were evaluated with a standardized diagnostic protocol according to EAACI/ European Network for Drug Allergy (ENDA) recommendations.

Management of Anaphylaxis in Pediatric Population.

Although an increase in the incidence of childhood anaphylaxis has been reported, it remains underdiagnosed. Foods are the most common triggers for anaphylaxis, particularly cow's milk, hen's egg, and nuts. Other common causes of anaphylaxis in children and adolescents include venom and drugs.

New diagnostıc perspectives in the management of pediatrıc beta-lactam allergy.

Since overdiagnosis of beta-lactam (BL) allergy is common in the pediatric population, delabeling is a critical part of antimicrobial stewardship. Undesirable consequences of inaccurate BL allergy labeling can be handled by incorporating traditional delabeling or newer risk-based strategies into antibiotic stewardship programs. Conventional assessment of BL allergy relies upon a stepwise algorithm including a clinical history with skin testing followed by drug provocation tests (DPTs).

Allergies and COVID-19 vaccines: An ENDA/EAACI Position paper.

Background: Anaphylaxis, which is rare, has been reported after COVID-19 vaccination, but its management is not standardized.

Method: Members of the European Network for Drug Allergy and the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology interested in drug allergy participated in an online questionnaire on pre-vaccination screening and management of allergic reactions to COVID-19 vaccines, and literature was analysed.

Results: No death due to anaphylaxis to COVID-19 vaccines has been confirmed in scientific literature.

A combined risk modeling strategy for clinical prediction of beta-lactam allergies in children.

Drug provocation test (DPT) without skin tests is increasingly recommended in the evaluation of children with low-risk beta-lactam (BL) allergies. However, risk definitions are unclear. The aim of this study was to compose a clinical predictive model that could identify the children at low risk who could safely undergo direct DPT.

Delayed hypersensitivity to antiepileptic drugs in children.

Background: Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are widely used for the treatment of epilepsy, but they can be associated with the development of mainly delayed/non-immediate hypersensitivity reactions (HRs). Although these reactions are usually cutaneous, self-limited, and spontaneously resolve within days after drug discontinuation, sometime HR reactions to AEDs can be severe and life-threatening.

Aim: This paper seeks to show examples on practical management of AED HRs in children starting from a review of what it is already known in literature.

A novel whole blood based method for lymphocyte transformation test in drug allergies.

Drug allergies pose a great deal of danger for the patients. It hinders effective treatment procedures in hospitalized patients. Moreover, it complicates the symptoms due to the allergic reactions of the immune system.

An Update on the Management of Severe Cutaneous Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions.

Severe cutaneous drug hypersensitivity reactions involve of different mechanisms , some of which are life-threatening, such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis, generalized bullous fixed drug eruptions, serum sickness and serum sickness-like reaction and drug-induced vasculitis. These reactions may have substantial morbidity and mortality. In the past years, successive studies have provided new evidence regarding the pathogenesis of some of these severe reactions and revealed that underlying mechanisms are highly variable.

Diagnosis and management of drug-induced anaphylaxis in children: An EAACI position paper.

Drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHR) constitute a major and common public health problem, particularly in children. One of the most severe manifestations of DHR is anaphylaxis, which might be associated with a life-threatening risk. During those past decades, anaphylaxis has received particularly a lot of attention and international consensus guidelines have been recently published.

Different Presentations of Patients with Transcobalamin II Deficiency: A Single-Center Experience from Turkey.

Objective: Transcobalamin II deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by decreased cobalamin availability, which in turn causes accumulation of homocysteine and methylmalonic acid. The presenting clinical features are failure to thrive, diarrhea, megaloblastic anemia, pancytopenia, neurologic abnormalities, and also recurrent infections due to immune abnormalities in early infancy.

Materials And Methods: Here, we report the clinical and laboratory features of six children with transcobalamin II deficiency who were all molecularly confirmed.

Hypersensitivity Reactions to Antiepileptic Drugs in Children: Epidemiologic, Pathogenetic, Clinical, and Diagnostic Aspects.

Epilepsy affects approximately 10 million children globally. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are among the most frequent causes of drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs), especially severe ones. However, systematic studies about AED hypersensitivity among children are very rare.

Seasonal variation of asthma control, lung function tests and allergic inflammation in relation to vitamin D levels: a prospective annual study.

Introduction: There are scarce data about the role of vitamin D (vitD) in asthma control related to seasons and other confounders.

Aim: To investigate the seasonal relationship between vitD levels and asthma control, lung function tests (LFTs) and cytokines during a 1-year period, among 7-17-year-old asthmatic children.

Material And Methods: Thirty patients with asthma with house dust mite monosensitization were evaluated 3 monthly about the previous month's health and vitD related lifestyle factors and asthma control test (ACT), spirometry and bronchial provocation test for a year.

Asthma predictive index in relation to respiratory mechanics by impulse oscillometry in recurrent wheezers.

Background: The identification of children who will have persistent asthma has become a focus of recent research. The aim of this study was to assess whether impulse oscillometry (IOS) has a diagnostic value to predict modified API (asthma predictive index) in pre-schoolers with recurrent wheezing.

Methods: Pre-school children aged 3-6 years with recurrent wheezing were enrolled.

The airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine may be predicted by impulse oscillometry and plethysmography in children with well-controlled asthma.

Objective: Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is a hallmark of asthma. Methacholine challenge test which is mostly used to confirm AHR is not routinely available. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive values of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), impulse oscillometry (IOS), and plethysmography for the assessment of AHR in children with well-controlled asthma.

Prevalence and risk factors for wheezing and allergic diseases in preschool children: A perspective from the Mediterranean coast of Turkey.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of allergic diseases in preschool children from one of the biggest cities in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey.

Methods: The study population included 396 preschool children attending to urban daycare centres in Mersin. In the first stage, a comprehensive standardised questionnaire modified from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) was employed.

The relation of innate and adaptive immunity with viral-induced acute asthma attacks: Focusing on IP-10 and cathelicidin.

Background: Despite growing evidence suggesting potential association between innate and adaptive immunity in viral-induced acute asthma, there is paucity of data in this area.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association of innate and adaptive immunity with acute asthma attacks by analysing the role of IFN-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), TLR2, cathelicidin, vitamin D and cytokines.

Material And Methods: This prospective study included 33 patients with viral-induced acute asthma and 30 children with controlled asthma.

Discrepancies in the diagnosis and classification of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug hypersensitivity reactions in children.

Background: Hypersensitivity to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently encountered in daily clinical practice. The aim of this study was to determine the confirmation rates, risk factors of NSAID hypersensitivity in children and to try to classify them with a standardized diagnostic protocol.

Methods: All patients with a suspicion of NSAID-induced hypersensitivity were evaluated with European Network for drug Allergy (ENDA) recommendations.

The characteristics of indoor and outdoor fungi and their relation with allergic respiratory diseases in the southern region of Turkey.

Indoor and outdoor fungal exposure has been shown to be associated with the development of allergic respiratory diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate the types and concentrations of airborne fungi inside and outside homes and evaluate the association between fungal levels and allergic diseases in the southern region of Turkey. A total of 61 children admitted with respiratory complaints to the pediatric allergy clinic between September 2007 and November 2008 were included in this study.