Malignancy-related mir-210, mir-373 and let-7 levels are affected in iron deficiency anemia.

Background: Hypoxia is the hallmark of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and in hypoxic environment, significant changes are observed in malignancy-related microRNAs (miRNA). Our aim is to examine whether there is any difference in the levels of miR-210, miR-373 and let-7, which are directly related to malignancies in patients with IDA.

Methods: Thirty-five female patients with IDA between the ages of 18-65 and 10 healthy controls were included in the study.

The beneficial effects of vortioxetine on BDNF, CREB, S100B, β amyloid, and glutamate NR2b receptors in chronic unpredictable mild stress model of depression.

Background: Depression, one of the most significant mental disorders, is still poorly understood in terms of its pathogenetic mechanisms despite its well-recognized association with stress.

Objectives: The current study's goal was to ascertain how the novel antidepressant drug vortioxetine (VOR) affected the BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor), S100, amyloid β (Aβ), CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein), and NR2B, as well as its impact on depression-like behaviors, and tissue damage in an experimental rodent model of depression caused by chronic unpredictable stress.

Methods: We employed twenty-eight Wistar albino male rats, and we randomly divided them into four groups, each consisting of 7 rats: control, CUMS (chronic unpredictable mild stress), CUMS+vortioxetine (CUMS+VOR), and CUMS+fluoxetine (CUMS+FLU).

The Role of EREG, PTPN1, and SERPINB7 Genes in the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis: May SERPINB7 Be Protective and a Marker of Severity for Psoriasis?

Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory dermatological disease with complex pathogenesis in which many immune system cells, including keratinocytes, play a role. Many genes regulate the proliferation of keratinocytes and other immune cells that have essential roles in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. The expressions of EREG, PTPN1, and SERPINB7 genes were shown as upregulated in psoriatic skins in a few studies previously.

Novel splice‑site variants c.393G>A, c.278_2A>G in exon 2 and Q705K variant in exon 3 of NLRP3 gene are associated with bipolar I disorder.

NOD‑like receptor pyrin domain‑containing 3 (NLRP3) has been considered to play a crucial role in triggering the host's immune and inflammatory responses. Genetic variants are critical determinants of interindividual variances in inflammatory responses and clinical outcomes. The role of NLRP3 gene variations in bipolar I (BPI) disorder, which is known to include genetic factors in its aetiology, has not been previously reported, at least to the best of our knowledge.

Hypothalamic NR3C1 DNA methylation in rats exposed to prenatal stress.

Background: Human and animal studies have indicated that maternal prenatal stress (PS) has molecular and behavioral effects during pregnancy and early life. The present study aimed to evaluate the epigenetic changes of the NR3C1 gene involved in the HPA axis in the hypothalamic tissues of rats exposed to PS induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Behavioral and molecular effects of these changes on the next generation were also assessed.

Possibility of paclitaxel to induce the stemness-related characteristics of prostate cancer cells.

Background: Drug resistance poses a crucial problem in the treatment of prostate cancer. Recent studies have shown that chemotherapy agents may cause cancer cells to acquire stem cell-like properties, resulting in drug resistance and, eventually, treatment failure.

Objectives: To evaluate whether long-term paclitaxel exposure causes an increase in the stem cell-like properties of prostate cancer cells.

New risk factors in diabetic nephropathy: microRNA-196-3p and microRNA-203.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the serum levels of miR-98, miR-184, miR-185, miR-203 and miR-196a-3p in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) and to associate the changes in microRNA levels with urinary albumin excretion (UAE).

Methods: The study included 35 healthy individuals aged between 18-65 years, 40 T2DM patients with normoalbuminuria, 40 T2DM patients with microalbuminuria, and 35 T2DM patients with macroalbuminuria. Metabolic laboratory parameters, microalbumin levels in 24-hour urine samples were measured in all groups.

Downregulation of plasma microRNA-29c-3p expression may be a new risk factor for diabetic retinopathy.

Background: Circulation miRNAs have emerged as new biomarkers for identifying and monitoring the microvascular complications of diabetes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the levels of five candidate miRNAs (miR-29c-3p, miR-18a, miR-31, miR-181 and miR-20a) in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and their relationship with disease severity.

Methods: The study included 31 diabetes patients without DR (NDR group), 68 patients with DR (DR group) and 30 healthy controls (HC group).

Low-penetrance susceptibility variants and postmenopausal oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer.

The risk of breast cancer (BC) in women is high and many factors including genetic factors increase the risk for the disease. It is revealed that the variations of low-penetrance susceptibility genes are important for carcinogenesis as they interact with the environmental and hereditary factors. Recently, the list of BC-associated common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and chromosomal loci in low-penetrance susceptibility genes have been expanded in genomewide association studies.

An investigation of the effects of FGFR2 and B7-H4 polymorphisms in breast cancer.

Introduction: Polymorphisms in FGFR2 are important markers for breast cancer susceptibility in the general population. CHEK2 and FGFR2 polymorphisms with known susceptibility alleles of BRCA1, BRCA2, PTEN, and TP53, can be investigated as potential modifiers of high penetrant risk alleles. Although the B7-H4 gene is highly expressed in many different tumors, there is one published study showing the association of polymorphisms with breast cancer.