Understanding Ion Dynamics in Closoborate-Type Lithium-Ion Conductors on Different Time-Scales.

The lithium-ion transport mechanism in 0.7Li(CBH)-0.3Li(CBH) complex hydride solid electrolyte was studied over a wide time-scale (ns-ms) by choosing appropriate techniques for assessing ionic motion on the desired time-scale using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation, AC impedance, and pulsed field gradient-NMR (PFG-NMR) measurements.

On the Origin of the Non-Arrhenius Na-ion Conductivity in NaOBr.

The sodium-rich antiperovskites (NaRAPs) with composition NaOB (B=Br, Cl, I, BH, etc.) are a family of materials that has recently attracted great interest for application as solid electrolytes in sodium metal batteries. Non-Arrhenius ionic conductivities have been reported for these materials, the origin of which is poorly understood.

Renal Endocytic Regulation of Vitamin D Metabolism during Maturation and Aging in Laying Hens.

Egg-laying hens undergo a specific and dramatic calcium metabolism to lay eggs with eggshells composed of calcium carbonate. Calcium metabolism is mainly regulated by vitamin D. Although vitamin D metabolism is closely related to the deterioration of eggshell quality associated with aging and heat stress, the details of the mechanisms regulating vitamin D metabolism are not clear.

On the Origin of the Non-Arrhenius Na-ion Conductivity in Na OBr.

The sodium-rich antiperovskites (NaRAPs) with composition Na OB (B=Br, Cl, I, BH , etc.) are a family of materials that has recently attracted great interest for application as solid electrolytes in sodium metal batteries. Non-Arrhenius ionic conductivities have been reported for these materials, the origin of which is poorly understood.

Fast fluoride ion conduction of NH(MgLi)F and (NH)(MgLi)F assisted by molecular cations.

Aiming development of the fast anion conductors, we proposed a new material design using flexible molecular cation as a host cation, and demonstrated it with fluoride ion conduction in NHMgF and (NH)MgF based materials. Dominant fluoride ion conduction with relatively high conductivities of 4.8 × 10 S cm and 8.

Effects of islatravir (4'-ethynyl-2-fluoro-2'-deoxyadenosine or EFdA) on renal tubular cells and islatravir's interactions with organic anion transporters.

Islatravir (ISL; 4'-ethynyl-2-fluoro-2'-deoxyadenosine or EFdA) is a novel reverse transcriptase translocation inhibitor and has a unique structure and high antiviral activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant HIV strains. In this study, we investigated whether islatravir (ISL) can cause kidney damage compared to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and tenofovir (TFV). We also investigated interactions of these drugs with organic anion transporters (OATs).

A transgenic reporter mouse model for assessment of retinoic acid receptor transcriptional activation.

Vitamin A is essential for a wide range of life processes throughout embryogenesis to adult life. With the aim of developing an model to monitor retinoic acid receptor (RAR) transactivation real-time in intact animals, we generated transgenic mice carrying a luciferase (luc) reporter gene under the control of retinoic acid response elements (RAREs) consisting of three copies of a direct repeat with five spacing nucleotides (DR5). : Transgenic mice carrying a RARE dependent luciferase reporter flanked with insulator sequence were generated by pronuclear injection.

Tracer diffusion coefficients of Li ions in -axis oriented LiCoO thin films measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry.

Lithium diffusion is a key factor in determining the charge/discharge rate of Li-ion batteries. Herein, we study the tracer diffusion coefficient (D*) of lithium ions in the c-axis oriented LiCoO2 thin film using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). We applied a step-isotope-exchange method to determine D* in the Li-extracted LixCoO2.

Jasmonic acid is not a biosynthetic intermediate to produce the pyrethrolone moiety in pyrethrin II.

Pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium) produces insecticidal compounds known as pyrethrins. Pyrethrins are esters; the acid moiety is either trans-chrysanthemic acid or pyrethric acid and the alcohol moiety of pyrethrins is either pyrethrolone, cinerolone, or jasmolone. It was generally accepted that cis-jasmone was biosynthetic intermediate to produce the alcohol moieties of pyrethrin, and the biosynthetic origin of the cis-jasmone was postulated to be jasmonic acid.

Electrochemically Synthesized Tin/Lithium Alloy To Convert Laser Light to Extreme Ultraviolet Light.

This paper describes lithium-tin alloys as a novel target material to enhance the efficiency of 13.5 nm extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light from generated laser-produced plasmas. Both lithium and tin exhibit EUV emission with the same peak at 13.

A complex hydride lithium superionic conductor for high-energy-density all-solid-state lithium metal batteries.

All-solid-state batteries incorporating lithium metal anode have the potential to address the energy density issues of conventional lithium-ion batteries that use flammable organic liquid electrolytes and low-capacity carbonaceous anodes. However, they suffer from high lithium ion transfer resistance, mainly due to the instability of the solid electrolytes against lithium metal, limiting their use in practical cells. Here, we report a complex hydride lithium superionic conductor, 0.

Biosynthesis and in vitro enzymatic synthesis of the isoleucine conjugate of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid from the isoleucine conjugate of α-linolenic acid.

The isoleucine conjugate of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA-Ile), a new member of the jasmonate family, was recently identified in Arabidopsis thaliana and might be a signaling molecule in plants. However, the biosynthesis and function of OPDA-Ile remains elusive. This study reports an in vitro enzymatic method for synthesizing OPDA-Ile, which is catalyzed by reactions of lipoxygenase (LOX), allene oxide synthase (AOS), and allene oxide cyclase (AOC) using isoleucine conjugates of α -linolenic acid (LA-Ile) as the substrate.

Convolutional neural network-based data page classification for holographic memory.

We propose a deep-learning-based classification of data pages used in holographic memory. We numerically investigated the classification performance of a conventional multilayer perceptron (MLP) and a deep neural network, under the condition that reconstructed page data are contaminated by some noise and are randomly laterally shifted. When data pages are randomly laterally shifted, the MLP was found to have a classification accuracy of 93.

Successful vitrification of whole juvenile testis in the critically endangered cyprinid honmoroko (Gnathopogon caerulescens).

Sperm cryopreservation is a valuable conservation method for endangered fish species. Here we report an easy and efficient cryopreservation method for juvenile whole testis by vitrification and successful sperm production from the vitrified whole testis via in vitro spermatogenesis in the critically endangered cyprinid honmoroko (Gnathopogon caerulescens). Juvenile testis (approximately 10 mm in length and 1 mm in width), consisting predominantly of spermatogonia, were aseptically dissected out and adherent fatty and non-testicular tissues were subsequently removed.

Long-Term Results of Obturator Bypass.

Objective: We evaluated the long-term outcomes of obturator bypass.

Material And Methods: A total of 16 patients (13 males and 3 females; 17 limbs) who underwent obturator bypass surgery at our department between April 1995 and March 2008 were included.

Results: Their ages ranged from 50 to 90 with a mean of 74 years.

Structural change of NaO1/2-WO3-NbO5/2-LaO3/2-PO5/2 glass induced by electrochemical substitution of sodium ions with protons.

Structural changes of 35NaO1/2-1WO3-8NbO5/2-5LaO3/2-51PO5/2 glass (1W-glass) before and after the electrochemical substitution of sodium ions with protons by alkali-proton substitution (APS) are studied by Raman and (31)P magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-NMR) spectroscopies. The glass before APS consists of (PO3(-))8.6(P2O7(4-)) chains on average and the terminal Q(1) units (-O-PO3(3-)) are bound to MO6 octahedra (M denotes niobium or tungsten) through P-O-M bonds.

A smart DNA sensing system for detecting methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus using modified nanoparticle probes.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most common causes of hospital-acquired infections. To prevent epidemics, a quick and simple detection method is required. In this study, we developed a novel electrochemical DNA detection method that does not rely upon polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and may be used in point-of-care facilities.

Lithium ion diffusion in Li β-alumina single crystals measured by pulsed field gradient NMR spectroscopy.

The lithium ion diffusion coefficient of a 93% Li β-alumina single crystal was measured for the first time using pulsed field gradient (PFG) NMR spectroscopy with two different crystal orientations. The diffusion coefficient was found to be 1.2 × 10(-11) m(2)/s in the direction perpendicular to the c axis at room temperature.

[Case of a horn-shaped osteoma].

A Case of osteoma with horn shape is rare. A 79-years-old man, in whom the osteoma with horn shape was not demonstrated three years ago. Slowly, the osteoma becomes accompanied with pain, and the slow growth of a horn.

Syntheses of 3-acetoacetylaminobenzo[b]furan derivatives having cysteinyl leukotriene 2 receptor antagonistic activity.

Novel 3-acetoacetylaminobenzo[b]furan derivatives having a modified triene system at the 3-position were synthesized starting with 3-aminobenzo[b]furans. The enol isomers, 3-[(3-hydroxybut-2-enonyl)amino]benzo[b]furans (), of the 3-acetoacetylaminobenzo[b]furans were obtained as stable isomers owing to formation of a hydrogen bonding between the enol hydroxyl group and the amidocarbonyl group. The planarity of the C-2 substituent through the C-3 side chain suggested the existence of a modified conjugational triene system in the enol compound.

Scaphoid fracture in the young athlete--therapeutic outcome of internal fixation using the Herbert screw.

Background: A fractured scaphoid is a common disabling injury occurring in contact sports. This study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic outcome of Herbert screw fixation for scaphoid fracture in young athletes.

Methods: Thirty athletes with 30 scaphoid fractures were treated.

[Intracranial capillary hemangioma: a case report].

Capillary hemangiomas are the most common tumor of the neck and head in children. Intracranial capillary hemangioma without generalized neuro-cutaneous hemangiomatosis is extremely rare, with only one report in the literature. We report a case of intracranial capillary hemangioma originating from the temporal base.