Evidence of microplastics in the polychaete worm (capitellids-Capitella capitata) (Fabricicus, 1780) along Thoothukudi region.

Research on the occurrence of microplastics in invertebrates of the Thoothukudi region is limited. Capitellids are non-selective suspension feeders and are usually used as bioindicator of water pollution. Hence, an investigation was carried out to identify the microplastic occurrence in the capitellids (Capitella capitata) (Fabricius, 1780) collected from the Vellapatti and Spic Nagar sites of the Thoothukudi region.

On the balance beam: facing the challenges of neurosurgical education in the third millennium.

Background: Neurosurgery is one of the most complex and challenging areas of medicine, and it requires an ongoing commitment to education and expertise. Preparing young neurosurgeons with comprehensive education that can allow them to achieve high professional standards is a pivotal aspect of our profession.

Methods: This paper aims to analyze the current scenario in neurosurgical training identifying innovative methods that can guarantee the highest level of proficiency in our specialty.

Total Aortic Arch and Neoaortic Root Replacement Following Stage III Palliation for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome.

Progressive dilatation of the neoaortic root and reconstructed aortic arch is a serious complication after the Norwood procedure. There are no clear guidelines on the management of this complex anatomy in the setting of single ventricle physiology, and the surgical treatment of such an entity remains anecdotal. We describe a successful surgical repair in a 15-year-old girl presenting with a severely dilated neoaortic root and aortic arch causing compression and narrowing of the left pulmonary artery after successful three-stage palliation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome.

Ingestion of microplastics in commercially important species along Thoothukudi coast, south east India.

Microplastics pollute the marine environment and pose a greater risk to marine organisms. The microplastics were observed in the guts of the 12 species, which varied from 0.00 to 1.

Ventricular Septal Defect Exposure by Tricuspid Valve Chordal Detachment-A Retrospective Matched Study.

Transatrial approach is the standard method in repairing ventricular septal defects (VSD) in the pediatric population. However, the tricuspid valve (TV) apparatus might obscure the inferior border of the VSD risking the adequacy of repair by leaving residual VSD or heart block. Detachment of the TV chordae has been described as an alternative technique to TV leaflet detachment.

Microplastics accumulation in pelagic and benthic species along the Thoothukudi coast, South Tamil Nadu, India.

Microplastics contamination poses a serious threat to marine biota, so the current study was carried out to assess the incidence of microplastics in the gastrointestinal tracts of pelagic and benthic species collected from the six sampling sites along Thoothukudi region from January 2021 to December 2021. In the present study, benthic species (0.67 ± 0.

A multi-metric fish index to measure the ecological quality of tropical predominantly open estuaries along the western coast of India.

Defining the ecological quality of estuaries is challenging because of the inadequacy of available methods and indices to characterise the ecosystem. In Indian estuaries, there are no scientific attempts to establish multi-metric fish index to determine the ecological status. A multi-metric fish index (EMFI) was customised for twelve predominantly open estuaries on India's western coast.

Cell cycle regulators and bone: development and regeneration.

Cell cycle regulators act as inhibitors or activators to prevent cancerogenesis. It has also been established that they can play an active role in differentiation, apoptosis, senescence, and other cell processes. Emerging evidence has demonstrated a role for cell cycle regulators in bone healing/development cascade.

Recognizing reflexivity among conservation practitioners.

When deciding how to conserve biodiversity, practitioners navigate diverse missions, sometimes conflicting approaches, and uncertain trade-offs. These choices are based not only on evidence, funders' priorities, stakeholders' interests, and policies, but also on practitioners' personal experiences, backgrounds, and values. Calls for greater reflexivity-an individual or group's ability to examine themselves in relation to their actions and interactions with others-have appeared in the conservation science literature.

Urgent Excision of Primary Intracardiac Burkitt Lymphoma in a Child.

A 9-year-old girl presented with a recent history of shortness of breath, fatigue, visual disturbances, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Echocardiography demonstrated three large intracardiac masses in the right and left atria protruding into the mitral and tricuspid valve orifices causing bilateral inflow obstruction. She underwent urgent surgical excision of the masses.

Spatial, seasonal and ecological risk assessment of microplastics in sediment and surface water along the Thoothukudi, south Tamil Nadu, south east India.

Microplastics are a widespread environmental contaminant that raises serious concern for aquatic organisms. Hence, the present study was conducted to investigate the spatial and seasonal variation of microplastics, their characteristics, polymer types and the risk assessment caused by the microplastics in six sampling sites along the Thoothukudi region. The average microplastic abundance ranged from 32 ± 26 to 232 ± 229 items/kg and 54 ± 41 to 619 ± 377 items/l in sediment and surface water, respectively, and they exhibited a significant spatial difference among the sampling sites.

Perioperative Variation in Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter - A Prospective Observational Study of Traumatic Brain Injury Patients Undergoing Decompressive Craniectomy.

Background: Measuring optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) by transbulbar ultrasonography (TBUS) can suffice non-invasive ICP measurement with considerable accuracy.

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the perioperative variation in ONSD by TBUS in Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) patients undergoing emergency craniectomy.

Methods: We prospectively compared bilateral ONSD measurements in 45 consecutive TBI cases undergoing decompressive craniectomy under general anesthesia; before and after surgery.

Determination of albuterol and montelukast post-expiry drug strength by HPLC.

Background: Knowing the level of active ingredients in an expired drug is a matter of concern irrespective of its final disposition. This is also a matter of national security and defense as it has important implications on the nation's stockpile of prescription medications. Current literature has limited information about the strength of expired medications and any relevant trends.

Contamination of microplastics, surface morphology and risk assessment in beaches along the Thoothukudi coast, Gulf of Mannar region.

Microplastics accumulation on beaches raises a serious concern worldwide. Hence, the present study was conducted with the focus of investigating the abundance, characteristics, risk assessment, surface morphology and elemental composition of microplastics (MPs) in the beach sediments of the Thoothukudi region, situated on the south-east coast of India, Gulf of Mannar region. The MPs abundance ranged between 19 ± 18.

Contemporary outcomes of aortic arch hypoplasia and coarctation repair in a tertiary paediatric cardiac surgery centre.

Objectives: There are several studies reporting the outcomes of hypoplastic aortic arch and aortic coarctation repair with combination of techniques. However, only few studies reported of aortic arch and coarctation repair using a homograft patch through sternotomy and circulatory arrest with retrograde cerebral perfusion. We report our experience and outcomes of this cohort of neonates and infants.

Implementation and adherence to a speciality-specific checklist for neurosurgery and its influence on patient safety.

Background And Aims: Neurosurgery involves a high level of expertise coupled with enduring and long duration of working hours. There is a paucity of published literature about the experience with a speciality-specific checklist in neurosurgery. We conducted a cross-sectional observational study to identify the adherence to various elements of the Modified World Health Organization Surgical Safety Checklist (WHO SSC) for neurosurgery by the operating room (OR) team.

Estimating under-reporting of COVID-19 cases in Indian states: an approach using a delay-adjusted case fatality ratio.

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has spread to all states in India. Due to limitations in testing coverage, the true extent of the spread may not be fully reflected in the reported cases. In this study, we obtain time-varying estimates of the fraction of COVID-19 infections reported in the different states.

COVID-19 and congenital heart disease: an insight of pathophysiology and associated risks.

Objective: We aimed to examine the literature to determine if both paediatric and adult patients diagnosed with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at a higher risk of poor outcomes if they have the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), compared to those without CHD.

Methods: A systematic review was executed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. To identify articles related to COVID-19 and CHD, an extensive literature search was performed on EMBASE, Medline, Scopus, and Global Health databases using keywords and MeSH terms.