'The effect of neuropeptide Y1 receptor agonist on hypothalamic neurogenesis in rat experimental depression model'.

Depression is responsible for neuropathies such as decreased neurogenesis and increased dendritic atrophy. There is information that antidepressant treatments have an effect by increasing hippocampal neurogenesis and neurotrophic factor expression. The neuropeptide Y1 (NPY1R) receptor agonist has been suggested to have anxiolytic effects.

Evaluation of the Effect of Ayres Sensory Integration® Intervention on Balance, Speech and Sensory Processing Skills in a Child with Bilateral Incomplete Partition Type 1: A Case Report.

Purpose: It was aimed to investigate the effects of Ayres Sensory Integration based intervention on balance, speech, and sensory processing skills of a 4-years and 11-month-old child with bilateral incomplete partition type 1 inner ear anomaly and using bilateral cochlear implant.

Method: The child received the Ayres sensory integration-based intervention program for 2 months in 45-minute sessions twice a week. Before and after the intervention, Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale, Categories of Auditory Performance-II for auditory perception evaluation, Test of Early Language Development -Third Edition, Speech intelligibility rating test for evaluating language-speech skills, Evaluation in Ayres Sensory Integration® (EASI), and Dunn Sensory Profile for sensory processing skills were used.

Are the promnestic effects of neurokinin 3 receptor mediated by hippocampal neurogenesis in a Aβ-induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease?

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterised by cognitive dysfunction, memory loss and mood changes. Hippocampal neurogenesis has been suggested to play a role in learning and memory. Neurokinin 3 receptor (NK3R) has been shown to be prevalent in the hippocampus region.

Interaction of sensory processing and balance in adult cochlear implant users.

Puropse: The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensory processing skills, quality of life and balance performance in adult cochlear implant users.

Methods: A sample of 40 individuals was studied in two groups; 20 normal hearing individuals (37.84 ± 15.

Intracerebroventricular injection of kisspeptin in male rats activates hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis, but not hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis.

Kisspeptin is an important hormone involved in the stimulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary gonadal (HPG) axis. The HPG axis can be suppressed in certain conditions such as stress, which gives rise to the activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. However, the physiological role of kisspeptin in the interaction of HPG and HPA axis is not fully understood yet.

Abnormal Temporal Slowing on EEG Findings in Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease Patients With the ApoE4 Allele: A Pilot Study.

Introduction: Currently, there are limited accessible and cost-effective biomarkers for preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. However, the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) polymorphic alleles can predict if someone is at high (e4), neutral (e3), or low (e2) genetic risk for developing AD. This study analyzed electroencephalogram (EEG) reports from individuals with various ApoE genotypes, aiming to identify EEG changes and patterns that could potentially serve as predictive markers for preclinical AD progression.

What is the protective effect of preischemic kisspeptin-10 administration against ischemia/reperfusion injury of striatum on mice?

Background: Kisspeptin is a neuropeptide with a primary role on the onset of puberty and has beneficial effects on ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) injury. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of kisspeptin administration on striatal I/R injury in mice.

Methods: Forty adult C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: Sham, Kisspeptin, I/R, and I/R + Kisspeptin groups.

Does Sertraline Affect Hypothalamic Food Intake Peptides in the Rat Experimental Model of Chronic Mild Stress-Induced Depression?

Depression is a chronic, recurrent and life-threatening disease affecting approximately 15% of the world population. Depression is responsible for neuropathologies like decreased neurogenesis and increased dendritic atrophy. Antidepressant treatments increase hippocampal neurogenesis and neurotrophic factor expression.

A study on the association of functional hearing behaviors with semantics, morphology and syntax in cochlear-implanted preschool children.

Objectives: Monitoring children's development of auditory perception, speech and language after implant programming is critical to post-implantation success. Most of the time, it is not possible to perform an evaluation in clinical conditions, and the tests administered may not provide adequate data on children's everyday functional hearing skills. Therefore, administration of functional hearing measures alongside clinical tests will present supplementary data as to both language development and functional hearing performance of children.

Gonadotropin levels reduced in seven days immobilization stress-induced depressive-like behavior in female rats.

Objectives: Reproduction is one of the physiological functions that are often negatively affected by chronic stress. We aimed to examine effects of two distinct 7-day chronic immobilization stress (IMO) models on gonadotropins levels and depression-like behaviors in female rats.

Methods: Adult Wistar albino female rats were divided into three groups as follows (n=7 for each group): control, IMO-1 (45 min daily for 7-day) and IMO-2 (45 min twice a day for 7-day).

Neurologist Attitudes on Practicing in Hawai'i.

There is a shortage of neurologists nationwide, and the demand for neurologists is expected to increase in the upcoming years while the pool of practicing neurologists dwindles. Per Hawai'i Neurological Society, there were 44 practicing neurologists in the state of Hawai'i in 2019, representing a shortage of approximately 28 neurologists. Considering that Hawai'i is geographically, demographically, and culturally distinct compared to other states, a concern is that practicing neurology in Hawai'i poses unique challenges that may contribute to the low numbers of neurologists.

Chronic immobilization stress induces anxiety-related behaviors and affects brain essential minerals in male rats.

Alterations of essential elements in the brain are associated with the pathophysiology of many neuropsychiatric disorders. It is known that chronic/overwhelming stress may cause some anxiety and/or depression. We aimed to investigate the effects of two different chronic immobilization stress protocols on anxiety-related behaviors and brain minerals.

Percentages of serum, liver and adipose tissue fatty acids and body weight are affected in female rats by long-term Central kisspeptin treatments.

This study was conducted to determine the possible effects of long-term exogenous kisspeptin and its antagonist P234 on serum, liver and adipose tissue fatty acids (FA) profiles, as well as body weight, in female rats. Kisspeptin (50 pmol) and P234 (1 nmol) were administrated to the weaned Sprague-Dawley female rats by an intracerebroventricular injection from the 26th postnatal day to the 60th postnatal day. Percentages of the serum total saturated FA (∑SFA) and total monounsaturated FA (∑MUFA) were lower in the kisspeptin group.

Temporal Trends in the Epidemiology of HIV in Turkey.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the temporal trends of HIV epidemiology in Turkey from 2011 to 2016.

Methods: Thirty-four teams from 28 centers at 17 different cities participated in this retrospective study. Participating centers were asked to complete a structured form containing questions about epidemiologic, demographic and clinical characteristics of patients presented with new HIV diagnosis between 2011 and 2016.

Investigation of Effects of Two Chronic Stress Protocols on Depression-Like Behaviors and Brain Mineral Levels in Female Rats: an Evaluation of 7-Day Immobilization Stress.

We aimed to investigate the effects of two different chronic immobilization stress protocols on depression-related behaviors and brain mineral levels. Adult female Wistar albino rats were divided into 3 groups as follows (n = 10/group): control, immobilization stress-1 (45 min daily for 7 days), and immobilization stress-2 (45 min twice a day for 7 day). Stress-related behavior was evaluated by means of the forced swimming test (FST) and open field test (OFT).

Normobaric oxygen treatment improves neuronal survival functional recovery and axonal plasticity after newborn hypoxia-ischemia.

Background: Newborn hypoxia ischemia (HI) is one of the most prevalent cases in the emergency and can result from fetal hypoxia during delivery. In HI, restricted blood supply to the fetal brain may cause epilepsy or mental disorders.

Methods: In the present study, seven-day-old pups were subjected HI and treated with different normobaric oxygen (NBO) concentrations (21%, 70% or 100%).

Current status of HIV/AIDS-syphilis co-infections: a retrospective multicentre study.

Objective: Treponema pallidum and HIV are transmitted frequently through sexual contact, these agents with epidemiological similarities co-infect the same host. The current number of HIV-infected cases in Turkey is increasing. For this reason, we aimed to reveal the characteristics of syphilis in HIV/AIDS cases.

Acute and Post-acute Neuromodulation Induces Stroke Recovery by Promoting Survival Signaling, Neurogenesis, and Pyramidal Tract Plasticity.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has gained interest as a non-invasive treatment for stroke based on the data promoting its effects on functional recovery. However, the exact action mechanisms by which the rTMS exert beneficial effects in cellular and molecular aspect are largely unknown. To elucidate the effects of high- and low-frequency rTMS in the acute-ischemic brain, we examined how rTMS influences injury development, cerebral blood flow (CBF), DNA fragmentation, neuronal survival, pro- and anti-apoptotic protein activations after 30 and 90 min of focal cerebral ischemia.

Pinealectomy alters IFN-γ and IL-10 levels in primary thymocyte culture of rats.

Melatonin, produced mainly by the pineal gland, has an immunomodulatory role. However, the effects of the pineal gland and/or melatonin on thymus cytokine levels such as interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-10 are not well known. Twenty-one male Wistar rats (220-250 gr) were randomly divided into three groups (n=7): intact control, sham, and pinealectomy.

Effects of agomelatine on electrocorticogram activity on penicillin-induced seizure model of rats.

Agomelatine is a new antidepressant drug acting as an antagonist of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C (5-HTR) and agonist of melatonergic receptors 1 and 2 (MT and MT). Because of this dual action, it is an atypical antidepressant. The aim of this study was to investigate chronic anticonvulsant effects of agomelatine on penicillin-induced epilepsy model.

The effects of apelin on myometrium contractions in pregnant rats.

Apelin, which is a new hormone, is secreted especially in the brain by hypothalamus as well as by many other organs like the stomach, fat tissue, and the heart. For apelin, whose possible effects on many bodily functions like the endocrine system, cardiovascular system and metabolic activities are still under investigation, the reproductive system is also an important target area. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of plasma apelin levels in rats that were in diestrus, pregnancy and lactation periods, and to examine its possible effects on myometrium contractions of pregnant rats and non-pregnant rats that were in diestrus period.

Long-term metabolic cage housing increases anxiety/depression-related behaviours in adult male rats.

There are several reports on unfavourable effects of metabolic cage housing on animal welfare mainly due to the characteristic structures of these cages such as single housing and grid flooring. This study was aimed to compare the effects of long-term metabolic cage housing and conventional housing (normal grouped housing in standard cages) on the anxiety/depression-like behaviours in male rats. Anxiety/depression-related behaviours were evaluated by use of forced swimming test and open field test.