Nitric oxide has diverse effects on head and neck cancer cell proliferation and glycolysis.

Glycolysis is a key energy-providing process and one of the hallmarks of cancer. Nitric oxide (NO), a free radical molecule, regulates glycolysis in various cancers. NO can alter the cell cycle and apoptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells.

High nitric oxide-adapted head and neck cancer cell lines demonstrate altered autophagy and apoptosis.

Background/purpose: Autophagy is an intracellular degradative process occurring under stressful conditions. Nitric oxide (NO), a free radical, regulates autophagy and apoptosis in several cancers. However, the effect of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell adaptation to high nitric oxide (HNO) on autophagy remains unknown.

Ethanolic extract of leaf modulates oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis in head and neck cancer cell lines.

Linn. is a medicinal herb that has cytotoxic effects by inducing oxidative stress in some carcinomas. This study aimed to examine the impact of leaf extract on oxidative stress, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis in cell lines of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Effectiveness of a Combined Toothbrushing Technique on Cariogenic Dental Biofilm in Relation to Stainless Steel and Elastomeric Ligatures in Orthodontic Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Increased dental biofilm commonly occurs during orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a combined toothbrushing method on dental biofilm cariogenicity in patients with stainless steel (SSL) and elastomeric (EL) ligatures. At baseline (T1), 70 participants were randomized (1:1 ratio) to the SSL or EL group.

Fixed Orthodontic Treatment Increases Cariogenicity and Virulence Gene Expression in Dental Biofilm.

Background: Dental caries commonly occurs during orthodontic treatment because fixed appliances can impede effective oral hygiene practices. This study investigated the effects of fixed orthodontic treatment on dental biofilm maturity and virulence gene (gtfB, ldh, brpA, spaP, luxS, and gbpB) expression. Methods: Dental biofilms and virulence gene expression were determined in 24 orthodontic patients before and after treatment of ≥6 months.

Bitter Taste Perception and Dental Biofilm Cariogenicity in Orthodontics.

Background: Bitter taste perception and sweetness preference have been associated with dental caries. Propylthiouracil (PROP) has been used to determine the genetic sensitivity to bitter taste in early childhood caries. However, the role of the bitter threshold in dental biofilm cariogenicity has not been reported.

The Oral Wound Healing Potential of Thai Propolis Based on Its Antioxidant Activity and Stimulation of Oral Fibroblast Migration and Proliferation.

Introduction: Propolis has demonstrated wound healing effects. Propolis' effects vary based on its composition and geographical origin. However, there are few reports on the effects of propolis on oral wound healing.

Mucin 1 regulates the hypoxia response in head and neck cancer cells.

Mucin 1 (MUC1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that contributes to the cellular response in hypoxic conditions in different carcinomas. We investigated the gene expression pattern of MUCs (1, 2, 4, 5AC, 5B, 6, 15, 16, and 19) in isogenic primary (HN4 and HN30) and metastatic (HN12 and HN31) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines. MUC1 was significantly up-regulated at the mRNA and protein levels in HN12 and HN31 cells, whereas, other MUCs exhibited diverse expression patterns between HNSCC cell lines.

propolis enhances apoptosis and invasion inhibition in head and neck cancer cells.

Background: Propolis is a resinous product accumulated from several plant sources that possess a wide range of therapeutic properties, including anti-cancer activities. However, the role of honeybee-produced propolis on head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSCC) is not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of propolis on apoptosis and invasiveness in HNSCC cell lines.

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor modulates proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptotic activity in head and neck cancer cell lines.

Background/purpose: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a multifunctional cytokine that contributes to the progression of several cancers. MIF overexpression has been reported in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. However, the exact role of MIF in HNSCC is not fully understood.

High Nitric Oxide Adaptation in Isogenic Primary and Metastatic Head and Neck Cancer Cells.

Background/aim: Nitric oxide (NO) functions have been studied in many cancer types, but rarely in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This study aimed to investigate the behavior of HNSCC cells following exposure to high NO (HNO).

Materials And Methods: Two pairs of isogenic HNSCC cell lines (HN18/HN17, HN30/HN31) were used, and were treated with a NO donor for 72 h.

Ethanolic Extract of Ocimum sanctum Leaves Reduced Invasion and Matrix Metalloproteinase Activity of Head and Neck Cancer Cell Lines.

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has a yearly incidence of 600,000 cases worldwide with a low survival rate. Ocimum sanctum L. or Ocimum tenuiflorum L.

Periostin induces epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition via the integrin α5β1/TWIST‑2 axis in cholangiocarcinoma.

Periostin (PN) (also known as osteoblast‑specific factor OSF‑2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the POSTN gene and has been correlated with a reduced survival of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) patients, with the well‑known effect of inducing epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition (EMT). The present study investigated the effect of PN, through integrin (ITG)α5β1, in EMT‑mediated CCA aggressiveness. The alterations in EMT‑related gene and protein expression were investigated by real‑time PCR, western blot analysis and zymogram.

Characterization and safety evaluation of partially purified bacteriocin produced by Escherichia coli E isolated from fermented pineapple Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.

Antibacterial activity of cell-free supernatant from Escherichia coli E against selected pathogenic bacteria in food and aquaculture was the highest against Edwardsiella tarda 3, a significant aquaculture pathogen. Biochemical properties of the bacteriocins were studied and bacteriocin was found to be sensitive to proteinase K, demonstrating its proteinaceous nature. In addition, pH and temperature affected bacteriocin activity and stability.

Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophages modulate proliferation and invasion of head and neck cancer cell lines.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell line proliferation and invasion.

Main Methods: THP-1 monocytes were differentiated toward macrophages using 12.5 ng/ml phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate treatment for 48 h.

Propolis Extracted from the Stingless Bee Trigona sirindhornae Inhibited S. mutans Activity In Vitro.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial effects of propolis extracted from an endemic species of stingless bee, T. sirindhornae, on the cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans.

Materials And Methods: Dichloromethane extracts (DME) of propolis (DMEP) were prepared and analysed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.

Cytotoxic Activity of Propolis Extracts from the Stingless Bee Trigona Sirindhornae Against Primary and Metastatic Head and Neck Cancer Cell Lines.

Background: Propolis, a resinous substance produced by the honeybee, has a wide spectrum of potent biological activities. However, anti-cancer activity of propolis obtained from Trigona sirindhornae, a new species of stingless bee, has not yet been reported. This study concerned cytotoxicity of propolis extracts from T.

A randomized controlled study comparing the efficacy of nasal saline irrigation devices in children with acute rhinosinusitis.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of positive-pressure nasal irrigation devices in children with acute sinusitis, in addition to bacterial colonization of the irrigation device.

Method: We performed a randomized, prospective, controlled study of 80 children with acute sinusitis, aged between 3 and 15 years. Participants were randomly separated into two groups, where one group was treated using a squeezable bottle and the other group treated using a syringe.

Glibenclamide reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine production by neutrophils of diabetes patients in response to bacterial infection.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for melioidosis, which is caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei. Our previous study has shown that polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) from diabetic subjects exhibited decreased functions in response to B. pseudomallei.

Periostin activates integrin α5β1 through a PI3K/AKT‑dependent pathway in invasion of cholangiocarcinoma.

Periostin (PN) is mainly produced from stromal fibroblasts in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and shows strong impact in cancer promotion. This work aimed to investigate the mechanism that PN uses to drive CCA invasion. It was found that ITGα5β1 and α6β4 showed high expression in non-tumorigenic biliary epithelial cells and in almost all CCA cell lines.

Gene expression profiling of cholangiocarcinoma-derived fibroblast reveals alterations related to tumor progression and indicates periostin as a poor prognostic marker.

Background: Fibroblasts play important roles in several cancers. It was hypothesized that cholangiocarcinoma (CCA)-associated fibroblasts (Cfs) differ from non-tumorigenic liver fibroblasts (Lfs) in their gene expression profiles resulting in the capability to promote cancer. Periostin (PN) is a multi-functional protein and has emerged as a promising marker for tumor progression.