Joining forces for pathology diagnostics with AI assistance: The EMPAIA initiative.

Over the past decade, artificial intelligence (AI) methods in pathology have advanced substantially. However, integration into routine clinical practice has been slow due to numerous challenges, including technical and regulatory hurdles in translating research results into clinical diagnostic products and the lack of standardized interfaces. The open and vendor-neutral EMPAIA initiative addresses these challenges.

Functionalization of Supramolecular Polymers by Dynamic Covalent Boroxine Chemistry.

Molecular scaffolds that enable the combinatorial synthesis of new supramolecular building blocks are promising targets for the construction of functional molecular systems. Here, we report a supramolecular scaffold based on boroxine that enables the formation of chiral and ordered 1D supramolecular polymers, which can be easily functionalized for circularly polarized luminescence. The boroxine monomers are quantitatively synthesized in situ, both in bulk and in solution, from boronic acid precursors and cooperatively polymerize into 1D helical aggregates stabilized by threefold hydrogen-bonding and π-π stacking.

Neurological evolution of severe baclofen intoxication: from brain death mimic to recovered brain function.

Patients with brain death have by definition irreversible and complete loss of brainstem reflexes. Before a definite diagnosis of brain death can be confirmed, all potential confounders must be thoroughly excluded. Baclofen intoxication is a rare cause of brain death mimic characterised by transient deep coma and absence of brainstem reflexes and might be mistaken with brain death.

[How is The School Entrance Examination Carried Out in Germany? A Nationwide Survey of the German Public Health Departments.].

Objective: The aim of this study was to give an overview of the content, procedure and diagnostic methods used for the school entrance examination (SEE) in Germany. The focus was on the general implementation of the SEE and the developmental screening methods in the individual federal states of Germany.

Method: A total of 183 employees from the public health authorities from 15 different states took part in an online survey.

Both acuity and long term prognosis are important Emergency Department metrics: comparison of mobility assessment with the Emergency Severity Index.

Objective: To compare the SUHB mobility scale (i.e., stable(S), unstable gait(U), needing help to walk(H), or bedridden(B)) and the Emergency Severity Index (ESI) associations with admission and mortality outcomes.

[Ready for school? An analysis of the developmental screening used as part of the school entrance examination in Germany].

The School Entrance Examination (SEE) provides important information about the educational needs of pre-school children and for health reporting. The SEE should reflect the latest scientific knowledge and generate high-quality data. To do this, it must meet scientific quality criteria and be continuously evaluated and further developed.

Organic Anion Detection with Functionalized SERS Substrates via Coupled Electrokinetic Preconcentration, Analyte Capture, and Charge Transfer.

Detecting ultralow concentrations of anionic analytes in solution by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) remains challenging due to their low affinity for SERS substrates. Two strategies were examined to enable , liquid phase detection using 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (5(6)-FAM) as a model analyte: functionalization of a gold nanopillar substrate with cationic cysteamine self-assembled monolayer (CA-SAM) and electrokinetic preconcentration (EP-SERS) with potentials ranging from 0 to +500 mV. The CA-SAM did not enable detection without an applied field, likely due to insufficient accumulation of 5(6)-FAM on the substrate surface limited by passive diffusion.

A Novel Whole Yeast-Based Subunit Oral Vaccine Against in Chickens.

Cheap, easy-to-produce oral vaccines are needed for control of coccidiosis in chickens to reduce the impact of this disease on welfare and economic performance. yeast expressing three antigens were developed and delivered as heat-killed, freeze-dried whole yeast oral vaccines to chickens in four separate studies. After vaccination, replication was reduced following low dose challenge (250 oocysts) in Hy-Line Brown layer chickens (p<0.

EMPAIA App Interface: An open and vendor-neutral interface for AI applications in pathology.

Background And Objective: Artificial intelligence (AI) apps hold great potential to make pathological diagnoses more accurate and time efficient. Widespread use of AI in pathology is hampered by interface incompatibilities between pathology software. We studied the existing interfaces in order to develop the EMPAIA App Interface, an open standard for the integration of pathology AI apps.

Photoredox-Catalyzed Reduction of Halogenated Arenes in Water by Amphiphilic Polymeric Nanoparticles.

The use of organic photoredox catalysts provides new ways to perform metal-free reactions controlled by light. While these reactions are usually performed in organic media, the application of these catalysts at ambient temperatures in aqueous media is of considerable interest. We here compare the activity of two established organic photoredox catalysts, one based on 10-phenylphenothiazine () and one based on an acridinium dye (), in the light-activated dehalogenation of aromatic halides in pure water.

SERS detection of dissolved nitrate on hydrated gold substrates.

The accurate and fast measurement of nitrate in seawater is important for monitoring and controlling water quality to prevent ecologic and economic disasters. In this work we show that the detection of nitrate in aqueous solution is feasible at nanomolar concentrations through surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) using native nanostructured gold substrates without surface functionalization. Spectra were analyzed as collected or after standard normal variate (SNV) normalization, which was shown through Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to reduce spectral variations between sample sets and improve Langmuir adsorption model fits.

Phylogenetic Inference Using Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit I (COI) in the Poultry Red Mite, in the United Kingdom Relative to a European Framework.

The poultry red mite ), an obligatory blood feeding ectoparasite, is primarily associated with laying hens where it is estimated to cause losses of ~€231 million per annum to European farmers. Moderate to high infestation levels result in negative impacts on hen welfare, including increased cannibalism, irritation, feather pecking, restlessness, anemia, and mortality. Acaricides are currently the prevailing method of population control for , although resistance against some classes of acaricide has been widely reported.

Physicians' Disease Severity Ratings are Non-Inferior to the Emergency Severity Index.

Our objective was to compare informal physicians' disease severity ratings (PDSR) at presentation with the well-established Emergency Severity Index (ESI) in order to test for non-inferiority of the discriminatory ability regarding hospitalization, intensive care, and mortality. We made a prospective observational study with consecutive enrollment. At presentation, the PDSR and subsequently Emergency Severity Index (ESI) levels were recorded.

Prevalence and Severity of Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage in Older Adults with Low-Energy Falls.

Background/objectives: To determine the prevalence and severity of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage (tICH) in a large cohort of older adults presenting with low-energy falls and the association with anticoagulation or antiplatelet medication.

Design: Bicentric retrospective cohort analysis.

Setting: Two level 1 trauma centers in Switzerland and Germany.

Evaluation of vaccine delivery systems for inducing long-lived antibody responses to antigen in laying hens.

, the poultry red mite, is a global threat to the commercial egg-laying industry. Control of is difficult, with only a limited number of effective pesticides and non-chemical treatments available. Here, we characterize the candidate vaccine antigen cathepsin D-1 (Dg-CatD-1) and demonstrate that purified refolded recombinant Dg-Cat-D1 (rDg-CatD-1) is an active aspartyl proteinase which digests haemoglobin with a pH optimum of pH 4.

Avian mite dermatitis: Diagnostic challenges and unmet needs.

The avian mite Dermanyssus gallinae (poultry red mite, PRM) is of major economic and veterinary importance for the poultry and egg industry worldwide. The accumulating reports on the opportunistic nonavian feeding of D. gallinae raise concerns on PRM host expansion.

Development of cross-protective Eimeria-vectored vaccines based on apical membrane antigens.

Recently, the availability of protocols supporting genetic complementation of Eimeria has raised the prospect of generating transgenic parasite lines which can function as vaccine vectors, expressing and delivering heterologous proteins. Complementation with sequences encoding immunoprotective antigens from other Eimeria spp. offers an opportunity to reduce the complexity of species/strains in anticoccidial vaccines.

Impeding movement of the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae.

The poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae, is an economically important hematophagous parasite of commercial egg laying hens, also affecting domesticated birds and companion animals. Conventional control of D. gallinae through acaricidal spraying is often ineffective, creating an urgent need to identify alternative management strategies for commercial and domestic infestations.

Risk stratification using D-dimers in patients presenting to the emergency department with nonspecific complaints.

Background: Patients with nonspecific complaints (NSC) such as generalized weakness present frequently to acute care settings. These patients are at risk of adverse health outcomes. The aim of our study was to test the hypothesis whether D-dimers are predictive for 30-day mortality in patients with NSCs.

Oral treatments of Echinococcus multilocularis-infected mice with the antimalarial drug mefloquine that potentially interacts with parasite ferritin and cystatin.

This study investigated the effects of oral treatments of Echinococcus multilocularis-infected mice with the antimalarial drug mefloquine (MEF) and identified proteins that bind to MEF in parasite extracts and human cells by affinity chromatography. In a pilot experiment, MEF treatment was applied 5 days per week and was intensified by increasing the dosage stepwise from 12.5 mg/kg to 200 mg/kg during 4 weeks followed by treatments of 100 mg/kg during the last 7 weeks.

Growth cessation uncouples isotopic signals in leaves and tree rings of drought-exposed oak trees.

An increase in temperature along with a decrease in summer precipitation in Central Europe will result in an increased frequency of drought events and gradually lead to a change in species composition in forest ecosystems. In the present study, young oaks (Quercus robur L. and Quercus petraea (Matt.

Changes in the dynamics of foliar N metabolites in oak saplings by drought and air warming depend on species and soil type.

Climate change poses direct or indirect influences on physiological mechanisms in plants. In particular, long living plants like trees have to cope with the predicted climate changes (i.e.

Understanding the biology and control of the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae: a review.

Dermanyssus gallinae, the poultry red mite (PRM), is a blood-feeding ectoparasite capable of causing pathology in birds, amongst other animals. It is an increasingly important pathogen in egg layers and is responsible for substantial economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. Even though PRM poses a serious problem, very little is known about the basic biology of the mite.

Activities of fenbendazole in comparison with albendazole against Echinococcus multilocularis metacestodes in vitro and in a murine infection model.

The current chemotherapeutic treatment of alveolar echinococcosis (AE) in humans is based on albendazole and/or mebendazole. However, the costs of treatment, life-long consumption of drugs, parasitostatic rather than parasiticidal activity of chemotherapy, and high recurrence rates after treatment interruption warrant more efficient treatment options. Experimental treatment of mice infected with Echinococcus multilocularis metacestodes with fenbendazole revealed similar efficacy to albendazole.