The etiology of neonatal pneumonia, complicated by bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Background: The frequency of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants with a "ventilator-associated" pneumonia (VAP) ranges between 7 to 50%.

Objective: To investigate the features of the etiological structure of neonatal pneumonia complicated by BPD, and to determine the sensitivity of pathogens to antibiotics.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of 194 preterm infants with VAP, birth weight from 780 to 2820 g and gestational age from 27 to 37 weeks was conducted.

Pathogenetic role of dysbacteriosis in the development of complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children.

A relationship between enteric microbiocenosis and severity of type 1 diabetes mellitus was detected. Microbiological analysis showed II-IV degree dysbacteriosis in all diabetic children. Long-term therapy with probiotics aimed at eradication of opportunistic microflora resulted in recovery of microbiocenosis, which was paralleled by improvement of the clinical status, regression of complications in children who were ill for a long time, and prevention of complications in children with newly detected diabetes.

[Netilmicin in the complex therapy of pneumonia in newborns].

Clinical efficacy of netilmicin was evaluated at 22 newborns (body weight from 1000 to 3600 g, delivery on pregnancy period from 28 to 41 weeks) with pneumonia caused by artificial pulmonary ventilation. Pneumonia was moderate at 13 patients and severe at 9 patients. Microorganisms isolated from tracheobronchial aspirates were mainly (in 19 cases of 22) susceptible to netilmicin.

[The effect of netilmicin, amikacin, ceftazidime and cefotaxime on the adhesive properties of microorganisms isolated from newborn infants].

The effect of netilmycin, amikacin, ceftazidime and cefotaxime on adhesion of Lactobacillus spp. (14 strains), Escherichia coli (21 strains), Klebsiella pneumonia (15 strains), Enterococcus sp. (18 strains), Candida albicans (15 strains) was investigated.

[The efficacy of the eubiotic bifacide when used in the combined antibacterial therapy of newborn infants with infectious-inflammatory diseases].

The efficacies of bifacid and bifidumbacterin were studied comparatively in the correction of intestinal biocenosis in 60 newborns with infectious inflammatory diseases and intestine disfunction treated with massive doses of antibacterial drugs. The study showed that the use of bifidumbacterin was accompanied by significant disturbances in the biocenosis and by development of the intestinal syndrome. The protective action of the drug was observed after a short-term use only of one antibiotic and when the course of the bifidum therapy was continued after discontinuation of the treatment with antibacterial drugs.

[The efficacy of using an immune lactoglobulin preparation for correcting intestinal dysbacteriosis in newborn infants].

The comparative study of the effectiveness of immune immunoglobulin and bifidumbacterin for the correction of dysbiotic microflora in the intestine of premature born children with infectious inflammatory diseases. Immune lactoglobulin was administered orally to 37 children in a dose of 500 mg/kg twice a day for 1-3 weeks. The preparation facilitated the rapid and stable normalization of disturbances in the intestinal biocenosis in 86.

[Sensitivity of pathogens of post-ventilation pneumonia in newborns to antibacterial drugs].

The majority of the enteric bacteria and aerobic and anaerobic cocci causing postventilation pneumonia in newborns were susceptible to gentamicin, carbenicillin, ampicillin and cephalosporins. The strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were mainly susceptible to gentamicin and carbenicillin. Bacteroides were susceptible to metronidazole, ceftazidime and lincomycin.

[The effect of phospholipids on the adhesive properties of bacteria].

The present work shows that choline-containing phospholipids (lysophosphatidylcholine and lyso-1-alkyl-sn-glycerophosphocholine) inhibit the adhesion of some strains: Bacterium bifidum 1, B. adolescentis MC-42, B. longum B.

[A nutrient medium for isolating Lactobacilli].

The composition of and method for preparation of nutrient medium for the isolation of Lactobacilli from biologic material are described. The medium is simple to prepare, consists of only Soviet reagents, this making it available for laboratories in this country.

[A method of determining the effect of breast milk on the adhesive properties of microorganisms].

The authors have modified the method for studies of the microorganism adhesive properties in the presence of breast milk; this modification is based on the ability of bacterial cells to adhere to the surface of human red cells of I (0) Rh (+) blood group. The study has revealed significant differences in the adhesion characteristics of S. aureus 209, B.

[The suppuration of surgical wounds].

An analysis of wound complications in 699 patients after operation has been made. Microbiological examinations of the wound exudate have shown that the content of "seromas" and "hematomas" is infected with aerobic and anaerobic nonsporulating microflora in 80% of the cases. "Seromas" and "hematomas" were proved to be typical cases of suppuration of operative wounds.

[Creating the optimal microecology of the intestines in premature newborn infants with the sour-milk mixture "biphilin"].

The paper is concerned with formation of intestinal biocenosis in premature infants and with approaches to the correction of its disorders with the aid of biphilin, a special mixture prepared from sour milk. Ninety newborns showed the derangement of biocenosis of various intensity by the 6th to the 10th day of life. Application of biphilin for 2 to 6 weeks as part of the multimodality treatment of such children made the intestinal microflora return to normal.

[Microbiological evaluation of the methods of preventing suppuration of surgical wounds].

Contamination of the operative wounds with aerobic and nonsporulating anaerobic microflora is known to take place in the process of operation. Lower degree of the contamination of the operative wounds by the end of operations results in lower incidence of suppurations. It can be achieved in pure and conventionally pure operations of a less traumatic character by the application of preoperative gentamycin electrophoresis onto the operation field, while in conventionally pure operations of great traumatism and contaminated operations--by active irrigating drainage.