Body cavity fluid can induce epithelial and mesothelial differentiation from CD34 positive peripheral blood stem cells in vitro.

Objective: Primary culture of CD34 positive stem cells collected from human peripheral blood was performed with and without supplementation with concentrated ascitic fluid; morphological and immunocytochemical pictures of cultured cells were taken chronologically and compared.

Methods: CD34-positive stem cells collected from peripheral blood were cultured for 1, 24 and 48 hours. Concentrated ascitic fluid was added to the plates for the 24-and 48-hour cultures.

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4A expression discriminates gastric involvement by metastatic breast carcinomas from primary gastric adenocarcinomas.

Breast carcinomas sometimes metastasize to the stomach, and the histopathologic distinction of such metastases from primary gastric adenocarcinomas is often difficult. We characterized the clinicopathologic features of 21 breast carcinomas that had metastasized to the stomach and examined the use of a panel of antibodies, including hepatocyte nuclear factor 4A, for distinguishing the metastases from primary gastric diffuse-type adenocarcinomas. Histologically, all the metastatic breast carcinomas showed a poorly differentiated and/or signet ring cell morphology.

Risk of lymph node metastasis in patients with pedunculated type early invasive colorectal cancer: a retrospective multicenter study.

Depth of invasion in early invasive colorectal cancer is considered an important predictive factor for lymph node metastasis. However, no large-scale reports have established the relationship between invasion depth of pedunculated type early invasive colorectal cancers and risk of lymph node metastasis. The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to clarify the risk of lymph node metastasis in pedunculated type early invasive colorectal cancers in a large series.

Small invasive colon cancer with systemic metastasis: a case report.

Background: Recently, especially in Japan, several researchers have suggested that colorectal cancer can develop not only through an adenoma-carcinoma sequence but also from normal mucosa via a de novo pathway, and that these de novo cancers have more aggressive malignant potential. We report a case of aggressive colon cancer resulting in systemic metastasis despite small tumour size.

Case Presentation: A 35-year-old woman presented at the referring hospital with swelling of the left cervical lymph node.

Actual status of distribution and prognostic impact of extramural discontinuous cancer spread in colorectal cancer.

Purpose: To clarify the prognostic impact of tumor nodules without residual lymph node (LN) structure (ND) in colorectal cancer and to determine optimal categorization of ND in tumor staging.

Patients And Methods: A multicenter, retrospective pathologic review was performed for 1716 patients with stages I to III curatively resected colorectal cancer treated at 11 institutions between 1994 and 1998. An additional 2242 patients from nine institutions were enrolled between 1999 and 2003 as a second cohort to validate the results.

Global expression study in colorectal cancer on proteins with alkaline isoelectric point by two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis.

Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. To identify candidates for biomarkers and therapeutic targets, we investigated the proteome of colorectal cancer tissues. Using 2D-DIGE in combination with our original large format electrophoresis apparatus, we compared surgically resected normal and tumor tissues from 53 patients with colorectal cancer.

Identification and validation of DNA methylation markers to predict lymph node metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas.

Background: The presence of lymph node metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients is a critical factor for decision of treatment strategy. However, there have been no molecular markers to assess lymph node metastasis. In this study, we aimed to identify CpG islands (CGIs) whose DNA methylation statuses are associated with the presence of lymph node metastasis.

Immunohistochemical analysis of pyloric gland adenomas using a series of Mucin 2, Mucin 5AC, Mucin 6, CD10, Ki67 and p53.

A pyloric gland adenoma (PGA) of the stomach was first described in a book chapter in 1976 by Kurt Elster and has been rarely reported in the literature. We expanded the current immunohistochemical data of these adenomas in a detailed series to further analyse the immunhistochemical status of PGA. From 60 patients with PGA with and without adenocarcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract, an immunhistochemical panel of Mucin 2, Mucin 5AC, Mucin 6, CD10, Ki67 and p53 was used to define the expression of these markers.

DNMT3L is a novel marker and is essential for the growth of human embryonal carcinoma.

Purpose: Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) have a unique epigenetic profile distinct from that of other types of cancer. Elucidation of these properties has a potential to identify novel markers for TGCTs.

Experimental Design: We conducted comprehensive analysis of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) gene expression in TGCTs.

Colloid carcinoma of the intestinal type in the uterine cervix: mucin immunohistochemistry.

A case of colloid carcinoma (gelatinous carcinoma) of the intestinal type in the uterine cervix is reported along with the findings of an immunohistochemical study of intracytoplasmic mucus of the neoplastic cells. The patient was a 69-year-old woman with a circumferential uterine cervical tumor measuring about 4 cm. Histopathological examination of the hysterectomy specimen demonstrated typical features of colloid carcinoma.

[Tubular adenoma of the stomach with special reference to the Japanese criteria and pyloric gland adenoma].

The term gastric adenoma usually refers to a flat adenoma of the intestinal type. Adenomas of the gastric type, so-called pyloric gland adenomas (PGA), which was first characterized by German and Japanese pathologists in 1990, have been regarded as exceptional until recently. In 2003, we first reported systematic clinical pathological analyses of PGA, demonstrating its unstable and precancerous nature.

A case of porocarcinoma arising in pigmented hidroacanthoma simplex with multiple lymph node, liver and bone metastases.

Porocarcinoma is a rare skin appendage carcinoma that may arise de novo or be associated with pre-existing poroma and hidroacanthoma simplex (HAS). Here, we report a case of porocarcinoma arising in pigmented HAS, which led to death from multiple lymph node, liver and bone metastases. A 72-year-old Japanese man presented with a brown to focal black flat plaque, measuring 17 × 12 mm, on the posterior region of his right thigh.

Case of ductal adenocarcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland.

Ductal adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal gland is extremely rare; to our knowledge, only seven de novo cases and one case of ductal adenocarcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma have been reported in the literature. Here, we report a case of ductal adenocarcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland. A 70-year-old Japanese female received the resection of the recurrent lacrimal gland tumor (second surgery), under the clinical diagnosis of recurrent pleomorphic adenoma, fifteen years after the initial surgical resection.

Aberrant expression of class III beta-tubulin in basal cell carcinoma of the skin.

Tubulin is a major component of microtubules. Class III beta-tubulin (beta III) is a neuron-associated beta-tubulin isotype and expressed in the normal central and peripheral nervous systems. According to a previous study, beta III is not expressed in normal skin and squamous cell carcinoma.

Multiple IgG4-related sclerosing lesions in the maxillary sinus, parotid gland and nasal septum.

IgG4-related sclerosing disease is recognized as a distinct clinicopathological entity. It is well known that this disease can occur in the salivary, lacrimal and pituitary glands, in the head and neck region. The nasal cavity is an extremely rare site of involvement of IgG4-related sclerosing disease.

IgG4-related inflammatory aneurysm of the aortic arch.

IgG4-related sclerosing disease can occur in the cardiovascular system and some inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysms have been shown to belong to IgG4-related sclerosing disease. Herein is reported a case of IgG4-related inflammatory aortic aneurysm of the aortic arch. A 71-year-old Japanese man was found to have an aneurysm of the aortic arch with maximum dimension of 5.

Comparison between mucinous cystic neoplasm and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the branch duct type of the pancreas with respect to expression of CD10 and cytokeratin 20.

Objective: Mucinous cystic neoplasm (MCN) and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the branch duct type (IPMN-BD) differ in biological and clinical behaviors, but MCN is often misdiagnosed as IPMN-BD. The purpose of this study was to find useful markers for the differential diagnosis of MCN and IPMN-BD.

Methods: Immunohistochemically, the expression of the 2 types of mucin (MUC) 1 (MUC1/DF3 and MUC1/CORE), MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC6, human gastric mucin (HGM), caudal-related homeobox transcription factor 2 (CDX2), CD10, cytokeratin (CK) 7, and CK20 was examined in 7 cases of MCN and 16 cases of IPMN-BD.

Claudin expression in rectal well-differentiated endocrine neoplasms (carcinoid tumors).

Claudins are the structures and functional components of tight junctions and have crucial roles in the maintenance of cell polarity, cellular arrangement, adhesion and paracellular transport. Various claudins are expressed in different epithelial cells and most tissues express multiple claudin proteins. The altered expression of claudins has been reported in various human carcinomas, but their expression in rectal well-differentiated endocrine neoplasms (carcinoid tumors), the most common endocrine tumors in the gastrointestinal tract, has yet to be examined.

Re-evaluation of histogenesis of gastric carcinomas: a comparative histopathological study between Helicobacter pylori-negative and H. pylori-positive cases.

We histopathologically re-evaluated the histogenesis of gastric carcinomas from comparative studies between Helicobacter pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative cases using the gastritis score from the Updated Sydney System. The incidence of H.

[A case of primary mucinous carcinoma with endocrine differentiation of the skin].

Primary mucinous carcinoma of the skin (MCS) is a rare skin appendage tumor and only a few cases of MCS with endocrine differentiation have been reported. Here we report an additional case of primary pure MCS with endocrine differentiation arising in the face. Histopathologically, the tumor was located in the dermis and subcutis, and nests of slight atypical epithelial cells were floating in the mucinous pools.

Cytological features of myxoid adrenocortical adenoma with a pseudoglandular component: a case report with differential diagnostic considerations.

Myxoid adrenocortical tumors are extremely rare neoplasms with only nine adenomas and eleven carcinomas reported in the literature. They occasionally have a pseudoglandular component resembling metastatic mucinous adenocarcinoma in the adrenal gland. However the cytological features of this unusual tumor have not been previously described.

Immunohistochemical demonstration of D2-40 in basal cell carcinomas of the skin.

Background: Recently, immunoreactivity to D2-40, a monoclonal antibody to lymphatic endothelium, was shown in a subgroup of epidermal basal cells and the majority of squamous cell carcinomas, but the immunoreactivity to this antibody has not been examined in basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) of the skin.

Methods: Expression of D2-40 was analyzed together with that of cytokeratin (CK) 17, CK 19, CD34 and Ber-EP4 by immunohistochemical methods in 10 non-neoplastic skin tissue samples and 20 BCCs.

Results: Immunoreactivity to D2-40 was shown in the basal cells at the outer root sheath (ORS) of hair follicles, similar to the CK 19 expression pattern.

Chemoradiation therapy followed by endoscopic submucosal dissection for esophageal cancer.

We performed chemoradiation therapy (CRT) followed by an endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for three patients with esophageal cancer. One patient refused surgery, and two patients were complicated with severe cardiopulmonary diseases. In all patients, CRT was effective in reducing tumor size, and the residual tumors were completely resected by ESD.

Serous papillary adenocarcinoma of the female genital organs and invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast. Are WT1, CA125, and GCDFP-15 useful in differential diagnosis?

Serous papillary adenocarcinoma of the female genital organs and invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast have close histologic similarities. Thus, when these cancers occur synchronously or metachronously in the same patient, it is difficult to determine the primary site. We examined 23 serous papillary adenocarcinomas (16 ovarian, 5 endometrial, and 2 peritoneal) and 37 invasive micropapillary carcinomas of the breast (12 pure and 25 mixed types) on immunohistochemical expression of Wilm's tumor antigen-1 (WT1), CA125, and gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 (GCDFP-15), which have been reported to be useful in the differential diagnosis of primary ovarian carcinomas versus metastatic breast cancer to the ovary.