Making Blood: The Haematopoietic Niche throughout Ontogeny.

Approximately one-quarter of all cells in the adult human body are blood cells. The haematopoietic system is therefore massive in scale and requires exquisite regulation to be maintained under homeostatic conditions. It must also be able to respond when needed, such as during infection or following blood loss, to produce more blood cells.

Mitochondrially targeted redox probe reveals the variations in oxidative capacity of the haematopoietic cells.

Both oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction play roles in a myriad of pathological conditions. There is therefore a need for tools that possess the ability to measure the dynamics of oxidative capacity within the mitochondria, particularly those that can measure reversible changes. Here, we report a mitochondrially-targeted fluorescent redox sensor NpFR2, which can reversibly measure changes in the mitochondrial redox environment.

Gastrokine-2 is transiently expressed in the endodermal and endothelial cells of the maturing mouse yolk sac.

The yolk sac (YS) is a thin, bi-layered membrane encompassing the developing mammalian embryo in utero. The outer layer of the YS is composed of visceral endodermal cells derived from the primitive endoderm. The inner mesenchymal layer is highly vascularised and the first source of haematopoietic cells.