Analysis of the Bias-Dependent Split Emission Zone in Phosphorescent OLEDs.

From s-polarized, angle-dependent measurements of the electroluminescence spectra in a three-layer phosphorescent organic light-emitting diode, we calculate the exciton distribution inside the 35 nm thick emission layer. The shape of the exciton profile changes with the applied bias due to differing field dependencies of the electron and hole mobilities. A split emission zone with high exciton densities at both sides of the emission layer is obtained, which is explained by the presence of energy barriers and similar electron and hole mobilities.

Rhythmic crystal growth into hierarchical patterns by polymer-mediated self-assembly.

Controlled, bottom-up self-assembly of ordered and hierarchical structures remains a major challenge and increasingly attracts attention in basic and technology-driven research. A simple process is described for the generation of such structures, which is based on slow solvent evaporation of a polymer solution blended with a crystal-forming species (Krogmann's salt). Upon drying, the viscosity of the polymer-blend solution increases in a progressing solidification zone, which precisely controls crystal growth by limiting the transport of the crystallizing units through this gel-like solidification zone and gives rise to a position- and time-dependent diffusion rate.