Disappearance of lens epithelial cells detected at the treatment of intraocular lens dislocation 12 months after cataract surgery: A case report.

Purpose: To report a case of disappearance of lens epithelial cells (LECs) detected at the time of treatment for intraocular lens (IOL) dislocation 12 months after cataract surgery.

Observations: A 59-year-old male underwent phacoemulsification with implantation of a posterior chamber acrylic IOL for posterior subcapsular cataract without any complications. Twelve months after cataract surgery, the IOL was dislocated inferiorly from the capsular bag due to rubbing the eye strongly, without capsular deviation.

Lemierre's Syndrome with a Palmar Lesion.

Lemierre's syndrome can be fatal if diagnosed late or not treated appropriately. We herein report a 40-year-old woman with a fever and pain with tenderness in her palms after the administration of antibiotics for pharyngotonsillitis. She was diagnosed with Lemierre's syndrome, and her symptoms improved after the administration of intravenous ampicillin-sulbactam.

Comparison of characteristics of muscle magnetic resonance imaging findings in patients with antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis and polyarteritis nodosa.

Aim: This study aimed to analyze the muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of patients with antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) and polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) presenting with clinical symptoms in the extremities.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted on short tau inversion recovery MRI findings, with a focus on intramuscular vessels displaying abnormal perivascular signals, in 22 and eight patients with AAV and PAN, respectively. The number per unit area (4 cm) and diameter of abnormal vessels on muscle MRI were compared between patients with AAV and those with PAN.

Inhibition of Connective Tissue Growth Factor Expression in Adult Retinal Pigment Epithelial-19 Cells by Blocking Yes-Associated Protein/Transcriptional Coactivator with PDZ-Binding Motif Activity.

To investigate the effect of yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) on connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression in adult retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE)-19 cells. We also studied the inhibitory effect of K-975, a new pan-transcriptional enhanced associate domain (TEAD) inhibitor, and luteolin, a plant-derived flavonoid on CTGF expression. ARPE-19 cells were transfected with either YAP or TAZ overexpression plasmid or treated with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β.

Magnetic resonance imaging patterns revealing muscle pathology and clinical features in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.

Objective: Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are autoimmune disorders significantly impacting skeletal muscles; however, the precise correlation between muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, muscle pathology, disease subtypes and clinical characteristics remains uncertain. Thus, we investigated the association of muscle MRI findings in IIMs with muscle pathology and clinical features.

Methods: New-onset IIM patients underwent proximal upper and/or lower limb muscle MRI.

Olfactory Bulbs in Arthritis Model Mouse Persistently Express Interleukin-6 before the Onset of Arthritis: Relationship to Food Intake.

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can be comorbid with psychiatric symptoms. Brain abnormalities in RA patients and in arthritis models have been reported. However, it remains unclear when these abnormalities occur and where they are distributed.

Intramuscular lesions in musculoskeletal MRI as a favourable prognostic sign in patients with anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis.

Objectives: Anti-differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibody-positive dermatomyositis, which has been described as clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis, complicates rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (ILD). Owing to the absence of significant muscle symptoms, musculoskeletal MRI is often not performed. In this study, we aimed to devise a simple evaluation method using musculoskeletal MRI findings to elucidate the relationship between MRI findings and ILD prognosis and development.

Clinical features of newly diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that causes damage to multiple organs. Various factors, including vaccination, have been associated with SLE development. Vaccination for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) began in 2020, and there are a few reports on the exacerbation of SLE after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.

Autocitrullination confers monocyte chemotactic properties to peptidylarginine deiminase 4.

Peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) contributes to the production of citrullinated proteins as autoantigens for anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). PAD4 can also self-deiminate via autocitrullination. However, the role of this process in RA pathogenesis has not been elucidated.

Transcriptome Profiling of Immune Cell Types in Peripheral Blood Reveals Common and Specific Pathways Involved in the Pathogenesis of Myositis-Specific Antibody-Positive Inflammatory Myopathies.

Objective: Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) demonstrate characteristic clinical phenotypes depending on the myositis-specific antibody (MSAs) present. We aimed to identify common or MSA-specific immunological pathways in different immune cell types from peripheral blood by transcriptome analysis.

Methods: We recruited 33 patients with IIM who were separated into the following groups: 15 patients with active disease at onset and 18 with inactive disease under treatment.

Inhibitory effect of baricitinib on microglia and STAT3 in a region with a weak blood-brain barrier in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis.

Objectives: In patients with RA, baricitinib not only improves arthritis symptom severity, but also patients' neuropsychological symptoms, such as depression and fatigue. However, the cellular mechanisms through which baricitinib can affect neural activity is unexplored. While the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability of this drug remains unclear, Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) might reach the area postrema, which is a unique brain region with a weak BBB function.

Inflammation and Bone Metabolism in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Molecular Mechanisms of Joint Destruction and Pharmacological Treatments.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease characterized by a variety of symptoms and pathologies often presenting with polyarthritis. The primary symptom in the initial stage is joint swelling due to synovitis. With disease progression, cartilage and bone are affected to cause joint deformities.

How do central sensitisation features affect symptoms among patients with rheumatoid arthritis? Analysis of pain descriptors and the effect of central sensitivity syndrome on patient and evaluator global assessments.

Objectives: Central sensitivity syndrome (CSS) comprises various symptoms caused by central sensitisation (CS). Using the central sensitisation inventory (CSI), a screening questionnaire developed for detecting CSS, this syndrome was recently identified in patients with long-standing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the descriptors of CS-related pain and the effects of CSS on symptoms in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remain unknown.

Sustained microglial activation in the area postrema of collagen-induced arthritis mice.

Background: Central nervous system (CNS)-mediated symptoms, such as fatigue, depression, and hyperalgesia, are common complications among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, it remains unclear how the peripheral pathology of RA spreads to the brain. Accumulated evidence showing an association between serum cytokine levels and aberrant CNS function suggests that humoral factors participate in this mechanism.

Central sensitisation features are associated with neuropathic pain-like symptoms in patients with longstanding rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional study using the central sensitisation inventory.

Objectives: Several studies have indicated that arthralgia may be driven by central sensitisation. Central sensitivity syndrome (CSS) is a concept that unifies various symptoms due to central sensitisation. Recently, the central sensitisation inventory (CSI) was developed as a screening questionnaire to detect CSS.

Time Course of Lens Epithelial Cell Behavior in Rabbit Eyes following Lens Extraction and Implantation of Intraocular Lens.

Background: After cataract surgery, some lens epithelial cells (LECs) transdifferentiate into myofibroblast-like cells, which causes fibric posterior capsule opacification (PCO). Residual LECs differentiate into lens fiber cells, forming Elschnig pearls with PCO. This study was carried out to identify the time course of both types of LEC behavior in rabbit eyes following lens extraction and implantation of an intraocular lens (IOL).