A Comparison of Spinopelvic Alignment and Quality of Life between Farmers and Non-Farmers: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study in a Japanese Rural Area.

Background: It may be difficult to define what would constitute an abnormal spinal sagittal alignment. The same degree of malalignment may be found both in patients with pain and disability and in asymptomatic individuals. This study focuses on elderly farmers who characteristically have a kyphotic spine, in addition to local residents.

Biological activity is not suppressed in mid-shaft stress fracture of the bowed femoral shaft unlike in "typical" atypical subtrochanteric femoral fracture: A proposed theory of atypical femoral fracture subtypes.

Background: We have investigated mid-shaft stress fractures of the bowed femoral shaft (SBFs), well before the first report of an association between suppression of bone turnover and atypical femoral fractures (AFFs). Although all cases of SBF meet the criteria for AFF, SBFs can also occur in patients with no exposure to bone turnover suppression-related drugs (e.g.

Potential bone fragility of mid-shaft atypical femoral fracture: Biomechanical analysis by a CT-based nonlinear finite element method.

Introduction: The authors previously reported a CT-based nonlinear finite element analysis (nonlinear CT/FEA) model to investigate loading stress distribution in the femoral shaft of patients with atypical femoral fractures (AFFs). This showed that stress distribution, influenced primarily by femoral bowing, may determine the location of AFF. Here, we demonstrate the locational characteristics associated with AFFs in an Asian, specifically Japanese, population regarding bone strength.

Staged internal plate fixation of severe lower extremity fractures that use a temporary external fixator for the initial treatment as an intraoperative retention tool: a technical note.

Staged treatment for severe lower extremity fractures is coming into widespread use, and some reports have described internal fixation (IF) using a temporary external fixator for primary care as an intraoperative retention tool. However, the infection risk with this procedure has not been examined sufficiently. To our knowledge, this article is the first report focusing exclusively on this specific surgical technique.

Location of atypical femoral fracture can be determined by tensile stress distribution influenced by femoral bowing and neck-shaft angle: a CT-based nonlinear finite element analysis model for the assessment of femoral shaft loading stress.

Introduction: Loading stress due to individual variations in femoral morphology is thought to be strongly associated with the pathogenesis of atypical femoral fracture (AFF). In Japan, studies on AFF regarding pathogenesis in the mid-shaft are well-documented and a key factor in the injury is thought to be femoral shaft bowing deformity. Thus, we developed a CT-based finite element analysis (CT/FEA) model to assess distribution of loading stress in the femoral shaft.

Potential pathogenic mechanism for stress fractures of the bowed femoral shaft in the elderly: Mechanical analysis by the CT-based finite element method.

Introduction: Stress fractures of the bowed femoral shaft (SBFs) may be one of the causes of atypical femoral fractures (AFFs). The CT-based finite element method (CT/FEM) can be used to structurally evaluate bone morphology and bone density based on patient DICOM data, thereby quantitatively and macroscopically assessing bone strength. Here, we clarify the pathogenic mechanism of SBFs and demonstrate this new understanding of AFFs through mechanical analysis by CT/FEM.

Stress fracture of the bowed femoral shaft is another cause of atypical femoral fracture in elderly Japanese: a case series.

Background: We have studied stress fractures of the bowed femoral shaft (SBFs) among elderly Japanese for over a decade. On the other hand, severely suppressed bone turnover (SSBT) after long-term bisphosphonates (BPs) use has been considered to be one of the causes of low-energy diaphyseal femoral fractures, often called atypical femoral fractures (AFFs). Some studies have shown that BPs use for more than 5 years is associated with an increased risk of AFFs.

Long-term results of the anterior floating method for cervical myelopathy caused by ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.

Study Design: Results of the anterior floating method used to decompress ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament were studied for an average postoperative interval of 13 years.

Objective: To investigate the long-term results of the anterior floating method used to manage ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.

Summary Of Background Data: The anterior floating method is a technique that differs from the extirpation method used to manage ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.

Multiple sclerosis with very late onset: a report of a case with onset at age 82 years and review of the literature.

This is a report of a patient with late-onset multiple sclerosis at age 82 years. The lesion involved was located on the spinal cord. Multiple sclerosis mainly affects young adults, making late onset of multiple sclerosis a rarity, particularly for cases after age 80 years.

Anterior floating method for cervical myelopathy caused by ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.

Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament lessens the sagittal diameter of the cervical canal and compresses the spinal cord anteriorly, and may produce severe disabling myelopathy. The anterior floating method is one of the anterior decompression and reconstructions used in the treatment of cervical myelopathy caused by ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. This procedure consists of subtotal resection of vertebral bodies and discs, with slight thinning and release of the ossified ligament using air instrumentation.

Lumbar nerve root compression caused by lumbar intraspinal gas. Report of three cases.

Study Design: Three cases of lumbar nerve root compression associated with intradiscal gas formation and its migration are reported.

Objectives: To establish the pathogenic mechanism by which gas is formed in the spinal canal.

Summary Of Background Data: Few such cases have been reported of patients with clinical symptoms of lumbar radiculopathy resulting from gas in the spinal canal.

Messenger RNA expression of the genes encoding receptors for bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in the cells from the posterior longitudinal ligament in cervical spine.

Posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL) in cervical spine is one of the sites of ossification in idiopathic hyperostotic diseases. Although the mechanism of the pathological triggering of the disease has not yet been clarified, the cells in PLL have been reported to express osteotropic cytokines such as BMP-2 and TGF-β. However, it has not been known whether the cells in PLL express receptors for these cytokines.

Selecting a surgical method for thoracic myelopathy caused by ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.

Study Design: The authors classified typical distributional patterns of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the thoracic spine in 1) central part of S-curve, 2) just above apical vertebra, and 3) combined with ossification of ligamentum flavum below apical vertebra. The results of the surgical methods selected according to the authors' classification were compared with those of previous reports.

Objectives: To establish the criteria for selecting an appropriate surgical method for ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the thoracic spine.

Clinical study of dissociated motor weakness following anterior cervical decompression surgery.

C5 segment motor loss (deltoid muscle) after a cervical spinal operation, either anterior decompression or posterior decompression, has rarely been reported. However, most such cases are diagnosed immediately after surgery, and they appear to be due to inadequate surgical technique or insufficient decompression. Recently, the authors have experienced three cases in which weakness of the deltoid muscle started several days following anterior cervical decompression surgery.

Electrophysiologic diagnosis of cervical OPLL myelopathy using evoked spinal cord potentials.

The purpose of this study is to establish the correct diagnosis of the location and extent of intraspinal cord lesions in cases of continuous or mixed-type ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament and to estimate the postoperative prognosis using evoked spinal cord potentials (ESCP). Twenty-six patients, who underwent surgery from 1985 to 1987 and who have been followed for more than 6 months, were examined using a conductive ESCP, which demonstrates lower extremity, bowel, and bladder function, and a segmental ESCP and dermatome segmental ESCP, which demonstrate upper extremity function. A five-pole recording electrode was placed in the cervical epidural space.