Genomic profiling proves metastasis of cutaneous melanoma to vitreal fluid.

Cutaneous melanoma metastases can contribute to visual disturbances through a variety of factors, including metastasis to the vitreal fluid. The optimum management of metastatic cutaneous melanoma to the vitreal fluid is unknown, but can include radiation therapy or systemic therapy including immunotherapy. A high degree of suspicion is necessary to consider this complication while working with patients with cutaneous melanoma.

Intravitreous Cutaneous Metastatic Melanoma in the Era of Checkpoint Inhibition: Unmasking and Masquerading.

Purpose: Cutaneous melanoma metastatic to the vitreous is very rare. This study investigated the clinical findings, treatment, and outcome of patients with metastatic cutaneous melanoma to the vitreous. Most patients received checkpoint inhibition for the treatment of systemic disease, and the significance of this was explored.

Is Intravenous Thrombolysis Safe and Effective in Central Retinal Artery Occlusion? A Critically Appraised Topic.

Background: Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a neurological and ophthalmologic emergency associated with poor visual recovery. There is a dilemma regarding the appropriate treatment, as formal guidelines are lacking. Despite being considered an ocular equivalent of cerebral infarction, the time window of intravenous (IV) thrombolysis administration for maximum efficacy and safety in CRAO remains uncertain.

The diagnostic value of exfoliative cytology vs histopathology for ocular surface squamous neoplasia.

Purpose: To determine the reliability and role of conjunctival exfoliative cytologic and histopathologic diagnosis of biopsied tissue in ocular surface squamous neoplasia.

Design: Retrospective review of an interventional case series of patients biopsied and treated for squamous conjunctival and corneal neoplasia.

Methods: Forty-nine patients who underwent conjunctival cytologic analysis (n = 36), conjunctival biopsy (n = 35), or both were evaluated.

Whole-body 18 FDG PET/CT imaging for lymph node and metastatic staging of conjunctival melanoma.

Aim: To evaluate 18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) whole-body positron emission tomography/computed radiographic tomography (PET/CT) for lymph node and metastatic staging of patients with conjunctival melanoma.

Methods: Fourteen patients with T3 (n = 13) and T4 (n = 1) conjunctival melanoma (as defined in Chapter 42 of the AJCC staging manual) were staged for metastatic disease with PET/CT imaging with fusion. The patients had lymph node and clinical staging evaluations before PET/CT imaging.

Second cancers discovered by (18)FDG PET/CT imaging for choroidal melanoma.

Background: Positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is a unique imaging tool that aids in the detection of cancerous lesions. It is currently and widely used for cancer staging (both initial and follow-up). Here we report our findings of second primary cancers incidentally discovered during PET/CT staging of patients with choroidal melanomas.

Conjunctival malignant melanoma-associated pseudomelanoma of the apposing tarsal conjunctiva.

Purpose: To describe a case of conjunctival malignant melanoma associated with pseudomelanomatous alteration of the apposing tarsal conjunctiva.

Methods: A 93-year-old woman presented with an elevated, pigmented mass on her superior bulbar conjunctiva. The tumor was associated with increased pigmentation of the apposing superior tarsal conjunctiva.

Whole-body positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging and staging of orbital lymphoma.

Objectives: To report the use of whole-body positron emission tomography fused with computed tomography (PET/CT) for the diagnosis and staging of orbital lymphoma.

Design: Retrospective observational case series.

Participants: Four patients with biopsy-proven orbital lymphoma were evaluated by 18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose whole-body PET/CT imaging.

Eyelid-sparing adjuvant radiation therapy for renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: To describe the use of debulking surgery with adjuvant external beam irradiation as an eyelid-sparing treatment for renal cell carcinoma.

Design: Interventional case report.

Methods: A 63-year-old male presented with a right upper lid tumor.

Giant secondary conjunctival inclusion cysts: a late complication of strabismus surgery.

Purpose: To present giant conjunctival inclusion cysts as a late complication of strabismus surgery.

Design: Retrospective case series of selected patients.

Participants: Four patients with a history of strabismus surgery who had developed giant conjunctival inclusion cysts.

Peribulbar oncocytoma: high-frequency ultrasound with histopathologic correlation.

The clinical, ultrasonographic, and histopathologic characteristics of an oncocytoma of the conjunctiva are described. A 49-year-old woman presented with a red-orange lesion adjacent to the caruncle in her left eye. A clinical examination including high-frequency ultrasound was performed prior to excisional biopsy of her tumor.

Anterior chamber paracentesis cytology (cytospin technique) for the diagnosis of intraocular lymphoma.

Aim: To report on the diagnosis of intraocular lymphoma by aqueous cytology.

Methods: Four patients suspected of having intraocular lymphoma were evaluated by anterior chamber (AC) paracentesis with cytology (cytospin technique). All had a history of non-ocular lymphoma and presented with at least one plus anterior chamber cells despite intensive glucocorticoid therapy.

Whole body PET/CT for initial staging of choroidal melanoma.

Aim: To investigate the value of whole body positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in screening for metastatic choroidal melanoma in patients initially diagnosed with choroidal melanoma.

Methods: 52 patients with choroidal melanoma underwent whole body PET/CT as part of their metastatic investigation. PET/CT scans were used as a screening tool at the time of their initial diagnosis.

PET/CT imaging: detection of choroidal melanoma.

Aim: To determine the size of untreated choroidal melanomas resolved by whole body positron emission tomography fused with computed tomography (PET/CT).

Methods: 50 consecutive patients with untreated choroidal melanomas underwent whole body PET/CT. A functionally fused helical CT scan and 18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) PET scans were employed.

The Finger iridectomy technique: small incision biopsy of anterior segment tumours.

Aims: To develop a minimally invasive, maximally effective method to biopsy anterior segment tumours.

Methods: A 25 gauge aspiration cutter (vitrector) was used to biopsy anterior segment tumours. The probe was introduced under sodium hyaluronate 1% and through a 1 mm incision.

Whole body positron emission tomography/computed tomography staging of metastatic choroidal melanoma.

Purpose: To evaluate whole-body positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography in staging of patients with metastatic choroidal melanoma.

Design: Interventional non-randomized clinical study.

Methods: Twenty patients were referred for whole-body 18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) PET/computed tomography imaging because of suspected metastatic choroidal melanoma.

Topical mitomycin chemotherapy for conjunctival malignant melanoma and primary acquired melanosis with atypia: 12 years' experience.

Purpose: To report 12-year follow-up experience with topical mitomycin chemotherapy for diffuse and multifocal primary acquired melanosis (PAM) with atypia and conjunctival melanoma.

Methods: Interventional case series of 16 patients. Mitomycin was a primary treatment for residual epithelial disease in ten patients (eight with PAM with atypia and two with conjunctival melanoma) and as an adjuvant to excision and cryotherapy in six with conjunctival malignant melanoma.

Laser photocoagulation for radiation retinopathy after ophthalmic plaque radiation therapy.

Aim: To evaluate the use of scatter laser photocoagulation to prevent radiation related retinopathy, maculopathy, and loss of vision.

Methods: This was an interventional case series. 66 eyes with posterior choroidal melanomas treated by ophthalmic plaque radiation therapy were reported.

Melanocytic conjunctival tumors.

Melanocytic conjunctival tumors include a wide range of lesions that vary in their clinical and histopathologic features. Their management depends on numerous factors, including their location, focality, tumor dimensions (including depth), histopathologic characteristics, recurrences, growth, and the presence of metastasis.

Visual recovery after radiation therapy for bilateral subfoveal acute myelogenous leukemia (AML).

Purpose: Present a case of bilateral foveal acute myelogenous leukemic tumors that responded to radiation therapy.

Design: Case report.

Methods: A patient was diagnosed with bilateral subfoveal infiltration of known systemic acute myelogenous leukemia.

Indications and outcome of carotid Doppler ultrasound: an ophthalmic perspective.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess indications and outcome of carotid Doppler ultrasound requested by ophthalmologists from an eye hospital over a period of three years.

Methods: This retrospective study was designed to analyse data for all patients referred to have carotid Doppler ultrasound from 1999 to 2001. Colour fundus photograph was used to ascertain diagnosis of ocular condition.