Integrating longitudinal mental health data into a staging database: harnessing DDI-lifecycle and OMOP vocabularies within the INSPIRE Network Datahub.

Background: Longitudinal studies are essential for understanding the progression of mental health disorders over time, but combining data collected through different methods to assess conditions like depression, anxiety, and psychosis presents significant challenges. This study presents a mapping technique allowing for the conversion of diverse longitudinal data into a standardized staging database, leveraging the Data Documentation Initiative (DDI) Lifecycle and the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) Common Data Model (CDM) standards to ensure consistency and compatibility across datasets.

Methods: The "INSPIRE" project integrates longitudinal data from African studies into a staging database using metadata documentation standards structured with a snowflake schema.

Molecular Detection of in Small Mammals and Infesting Ticks in Laikipia County, Kenya.

Anaplasmosis is a set of disease conditions of various mammals caused by bacteria species of the genus . These are sub-microscopic, Gram-negative, obligate intracellular pathogens that infect both vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. Significant species that infect domestic and wildlife animals include , , and .

Evaluation of the antimalarial properties of Solanum incanum L. leaf extract fractions and its ability to downregulate delta aminolevulinate dehydratase to prevent the establishment of malaria infection.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Solanum incanum L. is commonly used in traditional herbal medicine (THM) in Kenya for treating various ailments. Recent developments in disease treatment have introduced the concept of host-directed therapy (HDT).

Surface Brillouin scattering study of tantalum nitride (TaN) thin films.

Elastic properties of TaN films on (001)Si are investigated by surface Brillouin scattering (SBS). The velocity dispersion is obtained from Brillouin frequency shifts and surface acoustic wave phase velocities derived from measured SBS spectra. The observed Rayleigh surface acoustic and Sezawa waves indicate a soft on hard configuration.

Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity and safety of Rhus vulgaris (Anacardiaceae) extracts.

Background: Medicinal plants have been used in the treatment of various ailments in most developing countries. Oral infections are the most prevalent diseases in man. The Rhus family has been found to have antimicrobial, antimalarial, and anti-inflammatory properties.

The etiology and public health significance of mycobacteriosis of cattle in Kenya.

Background: Zoonotic tuberculosis, commonly referred to as bovine, tuberculosis is mainly caused by Mycobacterium bovis subsp. bovis, a member of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC). Infection in humans resembles that caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Recombinant Mycoplasma mycoides proteins elicit protective immune responses against contagious bovine pleuropneumonia.

Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides (Mmm) is the causative agent of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), a devastating respiratory disease mainly affecting cattle in sub-Saharan Africa. The current vaccines are based on live-attenuated Mmm strains and present problems with temperature stability, duration of immunity and adverse reactions, thus new vaccines are needed to overcome these issues.

Concomitant fungal and Mycobacterium bovis infections in beef cattle in Kenya.

Bovine tuberculosis is an important zoonosis and accurate diagnosis is important for its surveillance. Post-mortem diagnosis may, however, be compromised by lesions caused by other pathogens. In an investigation on its prevalence in slaughter cattle in Kenya, Mycobacterium bovis and dimorphic fungi were inadvertently identified separately or concurrently in tuberculous lesions.

Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in slaughter cattle in Kenya: a postmortem, microbiological and DNA molecular study.

A study to determine the presence and prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in slaughter cattle in Kenya was carried out in two abattoirs from July to November 2009. Routine postmortem meat inspection was performed on a subpopulation of 929 cattle selected randomly from among 4,984. Carcases were inspected for gross tuberculous lesions which were then examined for acid-fast bacilli, (AFB), cultured for isolation of mycobacteria and the isolates characterised by DNA molecular analysis.

Efficacy of two vaccine formulations against contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) in Kenyan indigenous cattle.

A live, attenuated vaccine is currently the only viable option to control of CBPP in Africa. It has been suggested that simple modifications to current vaccines and protocols might improve efficacy in the field. In this report we compared the current vaccine formulation with a buffered preparation that maintains Mycoplasma viability at ambient temperature for a longer time.

Assessing the effectiveness of intubation as a challenge model in contagious bovine pleuropneumonia vaccine experiments.

A study was carried out to assess the effectiveness of a bronchoscope in administering a pathogenic field strain of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides (MmmSC) in cattle challenge experiments. Out of 16 animals inoculated using the bronchoscope, 10 (62.

Diagnostic utility of fine-needle aspiration cytology in the management of liver disease in a district hospital.

Background: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology is a cost effective technique of obtaining cellular specimens for diagnoses. It has many advantages over large needle core biopsies that makes it quite suitable for outpatient department and institutions without facilities for histopathology diagnosis. Any site of the body can be sampled with FNA technique.

Profile of bacteria and fungi on money coins.

Objectives: To determine the quantity and quality of bacterial and fungi on money coins and to identify those that could pose a public health risk.

Design: Random sampling of coins from subjects within predetermined categories.

Setting: Westlands division of Nairobi Metropolitan province.

Clinical application of tumour markers: a review.

Background: Tumour markers have made a difference to oncology practice. They can be used in screening, diagnosis, prognostication and assessment of treatment efficacy. Reports on tumour marker usage suggest that many clinicians assume that a biomarker for a particular cancer can be effectively used for all these indications.

Prevalence of anti-thyroid antibodies in patients with primary thyroid disorders.

Objective: To determine prevalence of thyroid antimicrosomal and antithyroglobulin antibodies among patients with primary thyroid disorders.

Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study.

Setting: Kenyatta National Hospital, July 2003 to August 2004.

Patterns of upper gastrointestinal diseases based on endoscopy in the period 1998-2001.

Upper gastrointestinal complaints are common in Kenya. Though these have remained unchanged over the last 20 years, the pattern of upper gastrointestinal disease on endoscopic examination seems to be changing. There appears to be progressive increase in oesophagitis and cancer of the stomach.

Caseous lymphadenitis in goats: the pathogenesis, incubation period and serological response after experimental infection.

Twenty goats, in two groups of 10, were injected intradermally with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. The doses of infection were 1 x 10(5) and 5 x 10(4) colony-forming units (cfu) for groups 1 and 2, respectively. Thereafter, a goat from each group was killed every 2-3 days and examined for gross and microscopic caseous lesions in the draining lymph nodes.

Arteriosclerosis and related lesions in rabbits.

Eleven female rabbits, mainly of the NZW breed, aged between 1 and 3.5 years, were examined post mortem. All had originated over the years 1982 to 1987 from the same rabbitry where they had been fed on pellets from the same manufacturer.

A seroepidemiological investigation of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection in sheep flocks in southern Norway.

causes caseous lymphadenitis, a disease primarily affecting sheep and goats which occurs as a chronic infection characterized by suppurative lymphadenitis ( 1959, 1965, 1970, 1977, 1978). The disease has an insidious nature and a high prevalence, resulting in large economic losses due to condemnation of carcasses and organs at slaughter ( 1973).

Serological investigation of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection in sheep--correlation between the hemolysis inhibition test and the ELISA test.

causes caseous lymphadenitis in sheep and goats. The animals may be infected without showing clinical symptoms. Several serotests have therefore been employed to detect infected animals.