Temporal appearance of embryonic compartments and their sexual dimorphism in chicken.

1. Building on established understandings regarding hormonal and metabolic-driven processes of avian embryo's growth and development, this paper proposes a novel method, focusing on sex-related dimorphism. Such processes involve crucial activities, .

Effect of egg incubator temperature on sex differentiation in Korat chickens.

The effect of incubator temperature on sex differentiation in Korat chickens was investigated. The experiments were divided into two sets: temperature applied throughout the entire incubation period and temperature applied during certain periods (days 3-6 of incubation) by either increasing above the standard or decreasing below the standard temperature. In each experiment, 300 Korat chicken eggs were separated into three groups of 5 repetitions, with 20 eggs in each group.

Therapeutic Potential of Thunbergia laurifolia L. Extract in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Insights from a Rat Model.

Objective: To assess the effects of Thunbergia laurifolia L. extract (TLE) on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a rat model.

Methods: Thunbergia laurifolin L.

Effects of Heliotropium indicum L. on Uterine Involution and Its Underlying Mechanisms: an in vivo and in vitro Study.

Objective: To investigate the effect of Heliotropium indicum L. (H. indicum L.

The Effect of (L.) Less. Tea on Blood Glucose and Lipid Profile in People with Prediabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia are currently increasing dramatically, and conventional medicine in the treatment of them has limited efficacies and serious adverse effects. (L.) Less.

(L.) Less. Tea Ameliorates Hyperglycemia, Dyslipidemia, and Obesity in High Fat Diet-Fed Mice.

(L.) Less. () tea has been used for a health-promoting drink, especially in Southeast Asia.

The Effects of (Berk.) Sacc. and (Lour.) Decne. Extracts on Adipogenesis and Lipase Activity .

This study aimed to investigate the effects of extract (CSE) and extract (GIE), used alone and combined, on antiadipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. Oil Red O staining was used to examine the effects of these extracts on inhibition of intracellular lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and on lipid droplet morphology. Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy was used to examine biomolecular changes in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Effects of egg yolk and soybean lecithin on sperm quality determined by computer-assisted sperm analysis and confocal laser scanning microscope in chilled canine sperm.

The reduction of spermatozoa survival time is a major problem of canine chilled sperm for artificial insemination. The aim of the study was to improve the quality of canine chilled sperm during storage time. We therefore, evaluated the effects of eight treatments with different levels of soybean lecithin concentration (1, 3 and 5%) and egg yolk (20%) in Tris-citric-fructose or Tris-citric-fructose-mineral salts extender on chilled canine sperm quality during 10 days of storage.

The effects of Ginseng Java root extract on uterine contractility in nonpregnant rats.

Ginseng Java or Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Geartn has long been used in herbal recipes because of its various therapeutic properties. Ginseng Java is believed to be beneficial to the female reproductive system by inducing lactation and restoring uterine functions after the postpartum period.

Synergistic activity and mechanism of action of Stephania suberosa Forman extract and ampicillin combination against ampicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Background: Ampicillin-resistant S. aureus (ARSA) now poses a serious problem for hospitalized patients, and their care providers. Plant-derived antibacterial that can reverse the resistance to well-tried agents which have lost their original effectiveness are the research objectives of far reaching importance.

Finding new agents in medicinal plants to act on the myometrium.

This report summarizes work investigating the effects of some medicinal plants on uterine contraction. As there is a clinical need to find better drugs to help control uterine activity, and novel compounds are sought, the mechanisms whereby the medicinal plants exert their effects, as well as their major compounds, are discussed. By identifying the plants, major constituents and mechanisms, this review also illustrates the potential for development of new drugs, so that better ways to treat uterine disorders will be available to women worldwide.

Antibacterial activity of Aquilaria crassna leaf extract against Staphylococcus epidermidis by disruption of cell wall.

Background: Aquilaria crassna Pierre ex Lecomte has been traditionally used in Thailand for treatment of infectious diseases such as diarrhoea and skin diseases for a long time. The main objectives of this study were to examine antibacterial activity of the Aquilaria crassna leaf extract against Staphylococcus epidermidis and its underlying mechanism. The antioxidant activity and acute toxicity were studied as well.

Participation of citral in the bronchodilatory effect of ginger oil and possible mechanism of action.

The extract of ginger, the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Zingiberaceae), has been reported to possess anti-hyperactivity and anti-inflammation on airway. The present study described brochodilatory activity of ginger oil and identified its active compound. Ginger oil was extracted by hydro-distillation.

The effects of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) extracts and L-citrulline on rat uterine contractility.

In uterine smooth muscle, the effects of watermelon and its citrulline content are unknown. The aims of this study were therefore, to determine the effects of watermelon extract and citrulline on the myometrium and to investigate their mechanisms of action. The effects of extracts of watermelon flesh and rind and L-citrulline (64 μmol/L) were evaluated on 3 types of contractile activity; spontaneous, those elicited by potassium chloride (KCl) depolarization, or oxytocin (10 nmol/L) application in isolated rat uterus.

The effects of wild ginger (Costus speciosus (Koen) Smith) rhizome extract and diosgenin on rat uterine contractions.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of wild ginger (Costus speciosus (Koen) Smith, Costaceae) rhizome extract on uterine contractility. We particularly examined the effects on spontaneous phasic contractions and the mechanisms whereby it exerts its effects. Wild ginger rhizomes were ethanolic extracted and their constituents analyzed.

The effects of pomegranate seed extract and beta-sitosterol on rat uterine contractions.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum L., Punicaceae) seed extract on uterine contractility. Pomegranate seeds were methanolic extracted and their constituents analyzed using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.

The roles of pH in regulation of uterine contraction in the laying hens.

In the laying hens, the uterus (shell gland) plays essential roles in calcium transfer for calcification of the eggshell and expulsion of the egg through the vagina for oviposition. Much is known about the effects of pH changes on eggshell production of the uterus. However, very little is understood about the effects of pH changes on uterine contractility.

Mechanisms of uterine contractility in laying hens.

The physiological basis of uterine contractility in laying hens is not well understood, but a better understanding is important for understanding the mechanisms governing egg laying. The characteristics of uterine contractility arising spontaneously or by prostaglandin F(2alpha) (PGF(2alpha)) stimulation were therefore examined and the underlying mechanisms investigated. Uterine strips were isolated from laying hens 4h before oviposition and force measured.

Inhibitory effects of ginger oil on spontaneous and PGF2alpha-induced contraction of rat myometrium.

Solvent extracts of ginger, the rhizome of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Zingiberaceae), have been extensively studied for their pharmacological activities in smooth muscles. However, the effects of ginger essential oil on smooth muscle contractility have not been elucidated. The aims of the study were to investigate the effects of ginger oil on rat myometrial contractility.

Characterization of contractile activity and intracellular Ca2+ signalling in mouse myometrium.

Objective: To characterize the contractile responses of mouse myometrium, the associated calcium (Ca2+) changes and the role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), and to better understand excitation contraction coupling in this tissue.

Methods: Strips of longitudinal myometrium were used, and Ca2+ was measured after loading with Indo-1.

Results: Intracellular Ca2+ transients, produced by Ca2+ entry, preceded phasic spontaneous contractions.

Electrophysiological characterization and functional importance of calcium-activated chloride channel in rat uterine myocytes.

In order to better understand the mechanisms underlying excitation of the uterus, we have elucidated the characteristics and functional importance of Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) currents ( I(Cl-Ca)) in pregnant rat myometrium. In 101/320 freshly isolated myocytes, there was a slowly inactivating tail current (162+/-48 pA) upon repolarization following depolarising steps. This current has a reversal potential close to that for chloride, and was shifted when [Cl(-)] was altered.

The effects of metabolic inhibition on intracellular calcium and contractility of human myometrium.

Objective: Hypoxia occurs in the uterus during labour and may contribute to dysfunctional labours. We wanted to establish its effects on pregnant human myometrium and elucidate the mechanisms involved.

Design: Scientific study.

Calcium signaling and uterine contractility.

Changes in Ca(2+) signals within the myometrium have important functional consequences, as they determine contractility. We show that the basic phasic nature of uterine contractions, which is essential for successful labor, is critically dependent on Ca(2+) influx through voltage-gated L-type Ca(2+) channels, and hence in turn, on membrane potential. Thus changes in ion channel expression around term will play an important role in governing uterine excitability and contractility.

The effects of pH change on Ca(++) signaling and force in pregnant human myometrium.

Objective: This study was designed to determine the effects of both intracellular and extracellular pH change on contractile activity and intracellular Ca(++) during spontaneous contractions, oxytocin, and depolarization-induced stimulation of human myometrium.

Study Design: Human myometrial tissue was obtained at elective caesarean delivery at term (37-41 completed weeks of gestation). Longitudinal strips were dissected and loaded with the calcium sensitive indicator Indo-1.

Role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in uterine smooth muscle.

The sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is present as an extensive network in uterine cells. In this chapter we examine its functional importance, relating in particular, to the control of contractility in pregnancy. The uterine SR has both ryanodine receptors (RyR) and inositol-1 ,4,5-trisphosphate InsP3 receptors (InsP3R).