RRM2 inhibition alters cell cycle through ATM/Rb/E2F1 pathway in atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor.

Background: Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) is an aggressive brain tumor that mainly affects young children. Our recent study reported a promising therapeutic strategy to trigger DNA damage, impede homologous recombination repair, and induce apoptosis in ATRT cells by targeting ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M2 (RRM2). COH29, an inhibitor of RRM2, effectively reduced tumor growth and prolonged survival in vivo.

LOXL1-AS1 contributes to metastasis in sonic-hedgehog medulloblastoma by promoting cancer stem-like phenotypes.

Background: Medulloblastomas (MBs) are one of the most common malignant brain tumor types in children. MB prognosis, despite improvement in recent years, still depends on clinical and biological risk factors. Metastasis is the leading cause of MB-related deaths, which highlights an unmet need for risk stratification and targeted therapy to improve clinical outcomes.

Clinical outcome of pediatric medulloblastoma patients with Li-Fraumeni syndrome.

Background: The prognosis for Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) patients with medulloblastoma (MB) is poor. Comprehensive clinical data for this patient group is lacking, challenging the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we present clinical and molecular data on a retrospective cohort of pediatric LFS MB patients.

Clinical and Molecular Features in Medulloblastomas Subtypes in Children in a Cohort in Taiwan.

Medulloblastoma (MB) was classified into four molecular subgroups: WNT, SHH, group 3, and group 4. In 2017, 12 subtypes within 4 subgroups and 8 subtypes within non-WNT/non-SHH subgroups according to the differences of clinical features and biology were announced. In this study, we aimed to identify the heterogeneity of molecular features for discovering subtype specific factors linked to diagnosis and prognosis.

Enrichment of Tumor-Infiltrating B Cells in Group 4 Medulloblastoma in Children.

Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant brain tumor in children. It is classified into core molecular subgroups (wingless activated (WNT), sonic hedgehog activated (SHH), Group 3 (G3), and Group 4 (G4)). In this study, we analyzed the tumor-infiltrating immune cells and cytokine profiles of 70 MB patients in Taiwan using transcriptome data.

Notch signaling and natural killer cell infiltration in tumor tissues underlie medulloblastoma prognosis.

Medulloblastoma is the most common embryonic brain tumor in children. We investigated a cohort of 52 Asian medulloblastoma patients aged between 0 and 19 years old, who received surgical resections and post-resection treatments in the Taipei Medical University Hospital and the Taipei Veterans General Hospital. Genome-wide RNA sequencing was performed on fresh-frozen surgical tissues.

Magnetic resonance radiomics features and prognosticators in different molecular subtypes of pediatric Medulloblastoma.

Purpose: Medulloblastoma (MB) is a highly malignant pediatric brain tumor. In the latest classification, medulloblastoma is divided into four distinct groups: wingless (WNT), sonic hedgehog (SHH), Group 3, and Group 4. We analyzed the magnetic resonance imaging radiomics features to find the imaging surrogates of the 4 molecular subgroups of MB.

Molecular-Clinical Correlation in Pediatric Medulloblastoma: A Cohort Series Study of 52 Cases in Taiwan.

In 2016, a project was initiated in Taiwan to adopt molecular diagnosis of childhood medulloblastoma (MB). In this study, we aimed to identify a molecular-clinical correlation and somatic mutation for exploring risk-adapted treatment, drug targets, and potential genetic predisposition. In total, 52 frozen tumor tissues of childhood MBs were collected.

The Involvement of GAS6 Signaling in the Development of Obesity and Associated Inflammation.

Growth arrest-specific 6 (GAS6), a vitamin K-dependent protein, plays a role in the survival, proliferation, migration, differentiation, adhesion, and apoptosis of cells. GAS6 is highly expressed during growth arrest, followed by a sharp decrease during differentiation in adipocytes. The functions of GAS6 signaling are limited to TAM (Tyro3, Axl, and Mer) receptors and are dependent on the cell type.

CPAP is required for cilia formation in neuronal cells.

The primary cilium is a microtubule-based structure protruded from the basal body analogous to the centriole. CPAP (centrosomal P4.1-associated protein) has previously been reported to be a cell cycle-regulated protein that controls centriole length.

The human microcephaly protein STIL interacts with CPAP and is required for procentriole formation.

Centriole duplication involves the growth of a procentriole next to the parental centriole. Mutations in STIL and CPAP/CENPJ cause primary microcephaly (MCPH). Here, we show that human STIL has an asymmetric localization to the daughter centriole and is required for procentriole formation.