Nε-(1-Carboxymethyl)-L-lysine/RAGE Signaling Drives Metastasis and Cancer Stemness through ERK/NFκB axis in Osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma is an extremely aggressive bone cancer with poor prognosis. Nε-(1-Carboxymethyl)-L-lysine (CML), an advanced glycation end product (AGE), can link to cancer progression, tumorigenesis and metastasis, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The role of CML in osteosarcoma progression is still unclear.

Inhibition of Indoxyl Sulfate-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species-Related Ferroptosis Alleviates Renal Cell Injury In Vitro and Chronic Kidney Disease Progression In Vivo.

The accumulation of the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (IS) is a key pathological feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The effect of IS on ferroptosis and the role of IS-related ferroptosis in CKD are not well understood. We used a renal tubular cell model and an adenine-induced CKD mouse model to explore whether IS induces ferroptosis and injury and affects iron metabolism in the renal cells and the kidneys.

Nε-(1-Carboxymethyl)-L-lysine, an advanced glycation end product, exerts malignancy on chondrosarcoma via the activation of cancer stemness.

Despite epidemiological evidence that suggests diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for cancer, the link between diabetes mellitus and primary bone cancer is rarely discussed. Chondrosarcomas are primary malignant cartilage tumors with poor prognosis and high metastatic potential. It remains unclear whether hyperglycemia affects the stemness and malignancy of chondrosarcoma cells.

Resveratrol Alleviates Advanced Glycation End-Products-Related Renal Dysfunction in D-Galactose-Induced Aging Mice.

The elderly have higher concentrations of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). AGEs are considered risk factors that accelerate aging and cause diabetic nephropathy. The effects of AGEs on renal function in the elderly remain to be clarified.

genotoxicity assessment and 28-day repeated dose oral toxicity study of steady-calcium formula in rats.

Steady-calcium formula (SCF), a functional food mixture with potential of joint care, contains five major ingredients. However, the uncertain cross-reactivity among these included ingredients cannot be excluded. Hence, it is important to ensure the safety of this mixture.

A ubiquitous endocrine disruptor tributyltin induces muscle wasting and retards muscle regeneration.

Background: Organotin pollutant tributyltin (TBT) is an environmental endocrine disrupting chemical and is a known obesogen and diabetogen. TBT can be detected in human following consumption of contaminated seafood or water. The decrease in muscle strength and quality has been shown to be associated with type 2 diabetes in older adults.

ANGPTL1 attenuates cancer migration, invasion, and stemness through regulating FOXO3a-mediated SOX2 expression in colorectal cancer.

Angiopoietin-like protein 1 (ANGPTL1) is a member of the ANGPTL family that suppresses angiogenesis, cancer invasion, metastasis, and cancer progression. ANGPTL1 is down-regulated in various cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the effects and mechanisms of ANGPTL1 on liver metastasis and cancer stemness in CRC are poorly understood. In the present study, we identified that ANGPTL1 was down-regulated in CRC and inversely correlated with metastasis and poor clinical outcomes in CRC patients form the ONCOMINE database and Human Tissue Microarray staining.

Low-Dose Acrolein, an Endogenous and Exogenous Toxic Molecule, Inhibits Glucose Transport via an Inhibition of Akt-Regulated GLUT4 Signaling in Skeletal Muscle Cells.

Urinary acrolein adduct levels have been reported to be increased in both habitual smokers and type-2 diabetic patients. The impairment of glucose transport in skeletal muscles is a major factor responsible for glucose uptake reduction in type-2 diabetic patients. The effect of acrolein on glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle remains unclear.

Advanced glycation end products activated endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in pancreatic islet endothelial cells and triggered islet fibrosis in diabetic mice.

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications. Induction of the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is associated with the pathogenesis of fibrotic diseases. The roles of AGEs in islet EndMT induction and diabetes-related islet microvasculopathy and fibrosis remain unclear.

Inorganic Arsenic Exposure Decreases Muscle Mass and Enhances Denervation-Induced Muscle Atrophy in Mice.

Arsenic is a toxic metalloid. Infants with a low birth-weight have been observed in areas with high-level arsenic in drinking water ranging from 463 to 1025 μg/L. A distal muscular atrophy side effect has been observed in acute promyelocytic leukemia patients treated with arsenic trioxide (AsO) for therapy.

Exposure of low-concentration arsenic induces myotube atrophy by inhibiting an Akt signaling pathway.

Arsenic, a widely distributed toxic metalloid, has been found to be associated with the low-birth-weight infants and the impairment of muscle regenerative capacity in areas with high levels of arsenic in drinking water. The distal muscular atrophy is one of side effects of arsenic trioxide (AsO) for acute promyelocytic leukemia therapy. We hypothesized that arsenic may be a potential risk factor for skeletal muscle atrophy.

Benzo[a]pyrene alters vascular function in rat aortas ex vivo and in vivo.

Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in tobacco smoke and air pollution products. BaP exposure has been recently suggested to be a risk factor for hypertension in coke oven workers. The mechanisms of BaP on vascular smooth muscle function remain unclear.

Prenatal developmental toxicity study of strontium citrate in Sprague Dawley rats.

In this study, the pregnant female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used to evaluate the potential toxicological effect of strontium citrate, a dietary supplement, on embryo-fetal development. Strontium citrate at doses of 0 mg/kg, 680 mg/kg, 1360 mg/kg, and 2267 mg/kg was administrated orally by gavage to rats at day 6 to day 15 of pregnancy. Each group contained 20 pregnant rats.

Islet-like clusters derived from skeletal muscle-derived stem/progenitor cells for autologous transplantation to control type 1 diabetes in mice.

A population of muscle-derived stem/progenitor cells (MDSPCs) contained in skeletal muscle is responsible for muscle regeneration. MDSPCs from mouse muscle have been shown to be capable of differentiating into pancreatic islet-like cells. However, the potency of MDSPCs to differentiate into functional islet-like cluster remains to be confirmed.

Salidroside ameliorates sepsis-induced acute lung injury and mortality via downregulating NF-κB and HMGB1 pathways through the upregulation of SIRT1.

Sepsis is a life-threatening medical condition. Salidroside, a substance isolated from Rhodiola rosea, possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The effect and mechanism of salidroside on sepsis-induced acute lung injury still remains to be well clarified.

Benzo[a]pyrene activates interleukin-6 induction and suppresses nitric oxide-induced apoptosis in rat vascular smooth muscle cells.

Benzo[a]pyrene, a ubiquitous environmental pollutant, has been suggested to be capable of initiating and/or accelerating atherosclerosis. Accumulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in vessel intima is a hallmark of atherosclerosis. Nitric oxide (NO) can suppress VSMCs proliferation and induce VSMCs apoptosis.

Tributyltin exposure at noncytotoxic doses dysregulates pancreatic β-cell function in vitro and in vivo.

Tributyltin (TBT) is an endocrine disruptor. TBT can be found in food and in human tissues and blood. Several animal studies revealed that organotins induced diabetes with decreased insulin secretion.

Transplantation of human skeletal muscle-derived progenitor cells ameliorates knee osteoarthritis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.

The epidemiological and experimental evidence suggests that diabetes can be an independent risk factor for osteoarthritis. The osteoarthritis-like cartilage damage has been shown in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. The therapeutic effects of human skeletal muscle-derived progenitor cells (HSMPCs) on diabetic osteoarthritis still remain unclear.

Advanced glycation end-products induced VEGF production and inflammatory responses in human synoviocytes via RAGE-NF-κB pathway activation.

Aging and diabetes are known to be the major cause to affect the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been observed to accumulate in various organs especially in joint tissue and do damage to the joint tissue during aging and diabetes. Synovial angiogenesis and inflammation are observed across the full range of OA severity.

Low-Concentration Arsenic Trioxide Inhibits Skeletal Myoblast Cell Proliferation via a Reactive Oxygen Species-Independent Pathway.

Myoblast proliferation and differentiation are essential for skeletal muscle regeneration. Myoblast proliferation is a critical step in the growth and maintenance of skeletal muscle. The precise action of inorganic arsenic on myoblast growth has not been investigated.

Advanced glycation end-products induce apoptosis in pancreatic islet endothelial cells via NF-κB-activated cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin E2 up-regulation.

Microvascular complications eventually affect nearly all patients with diabetes. Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) resulting from hyperglycemia are a complex and heterogeneous group of compounds that accumulate in the plasma and tissues in diabetic patients. They are responsible for both endothelial dysfunction and diabetic vasculopathy.