The Outstanding Ambiphilicity of Trialkylstibines among Trialkylpnictines: Power for Stepwise Deoxygenation and N-N Coupling of Nitroarenes.

The ongoing discovery of highly reactive ambiphilic main-group species has significantly advanced the development of main-group chemistry, particularly in the realms of small molecule activation and catalysis. Theoretically, compounds featuring smaller HOMO-LUMO gaps gain stronger ambiphilicity and higher reactivity. In this work, we fundamentally demonstrate that MeSb holds the smallest HOMO-LUMO gap among trimethylpnictines, indicating its outstanding ambiphilicity.

Optimized electroporation buffer improves transfection and prime editing efficiency in adult bovine fibroblasts.

For livestock breeding, using somatic cells from adult animals for gene editing and subsequent cloning allows the preservation and enhancement of superior traits from the parent directly in the offspring, while avoiding the loss of genetic gain that can occur through crossbreeding. However, primary cells generally more difficult to transfect and perform gene editing. To date, most related studies have used more vigorous fetal fibroblasts as donor cells, while using somatic cells from adult animals requires more post-editing screening efforts due to the low yield of edited cells.

Metabolic Blockade-Based Genome Mining of SDU050: Discovery of Diverse Secondary Metabolites.

SDU050, a fungus derived from deep-sea sediment, is a prolific producer of diverse secondary metabolites. Genome sequencing revealed the presence of at least 69 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), including 30 encoding type I polyketide synthases (PKSs). This study reports the isolation and identification of four classes of secondary metabolites from wild-type SDU050, alongside five additional metabolite classes, including three novel cytochalasins (-), obtained from a mutant strain through the metabolic blockade strategy.

Metabolic Blockade-Based Genome Mining of SCSIO 07745: Discovery and Biosynthetic Pathway of Aminoquinolinone Alkaloids Bearing 6/6/5 Tricyclic and 6/6/6/5 Tetracyclic Scaffolds.

Metabolic blockade-based genome mining of the marine sediment-derived SCSIO 07745 led to the discovery of 11 novel aminoquinolinone alkaloids, oxazoquinolinones A-J (-), characterized by an oxazolidone[3,2-α]quinoline-5,8-dione scaffold, and oxazoquinolinone K (), featuring an unprecedented fused 6/6/6/5 tetracyclic core ring system. Additionally, 5 new biosynthetic intermediates or shunt products (-) and a known metabolite sannanine () were identified. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses and a comparison of electronic circular dichroism and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

Metabologenomics-Inspired Discovery and Combinatorial Biosynthesis-Based Diversification of Fungal -Glycosylated Depsides.

Through metabologenomics mining, we prioritized SDU 039, a deep-sea sediment-derived fungus producing -glycosylated depsides (-), including seven new species with varying aliphatic chains. Heterologous expression validated the gene cluster, and enzyme assays elucidated the function of glycosyltransferase ExoC. The chemical diversity of -glycosylated depsides is expanded by combinatorial biosynthesis using homologues depside biosynthetic genes and transformation with ExoC and different sugars as substrate.

Antimony Redox Catalysis: Hydroboration of Disulfides through Unique Sb(I)/Sb(III) Redox Cycling.

The stibinidene ArSb (Ar = [2,6-(BuN═CH)-CH], ) reacts with STol (Tol = -tolyl) to form ArSb(STol) (), which upon treatment with pinacolborane, regenerates . These processes unveil an unprecedented antimony redox catalysis involving Sb(I)/Sb(III) cycling for the hydroboration of organic disulfides. Elementary reaction studies and density functional theory calculations support that the catalysis mimics transition metal processes, proceeding through oxidative addition, ligand metathesis, and reductive elimination.

Acellular embryoid body and hydroxybutyl chitosan composite hydrogels promote M2 macrophage polarization and accelerate diabetic cutaneous wound healing.

Diabetic wound healing is delayed due to persistent inflammation, and macrophage-immunomodulating biomaterials can control the inflammatory phase and shorten the healing time. In this study, acellular embryoid bodies (aEBs) were prepared and mixed with thermosensitive hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBC) hydrogels to produce aEB/HBC composite hydrogels. The aEB/HBC composite hydrogels exhibited reversible temperature-sensitive phase transition behavior and a hybrid porous network.

Aromatic Acids and Leucine Derivatives Produced from the Deep-Sea Actinomycetes SCSIO15079 with Antihyperlipidemic Activities.

Six new aromatic acids (-) and three new leucine derivatives containing an unusual oxime moiety (-) were isolated and identified from the deep-sea-derived actinomycetes strain SCSIO15079, together with two known compounds (-). The structures of - including absolute configurations were determined by detailed NMR, MS, and experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism spectroscopic analyses. Compounds - were evaluated for their antimicrobial and cytotoxicity activities, as well as their effects on intracellular lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells.

Natural products from mangrove sediments-derived microbes: Structural diversity, bioactivities, biosynthesis, and total synthesis.

The mangrove forests are a complex ecosystem, and the microbial communities in mangrove sediments play a critical role in the biogeochemical cycles of mangrove ecosystems. Mangrove sediments-derived microbes (MSM), as a rich reservoir of natural product diversity, could be utilized in the exploration of new antibiotics or drugs. To understand the structural diversity and bioactivities of the metabolites of MSM, this review for the first time provides a comprehensive overview of 519 natural products isolated from MSM with their bioactivities, up to 2021.

Research on the cutoff tumor size of omitting radiotherapy for BCSS after breast conserving surgery in women aged 65 years or oder with low-risk invasive breast carcinoma: Results based on the SEER database.

Background: Radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is not always necessary in older women staged T1N0M0 with low-risk invasive breast cancer, but few studies have concluded the detailed tumor size as a reference for avoiding radiotherapy. The study was conducted to explore and identify the optimal cutoff tumor size.

Methods: The study population was from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database in 2010-2016.

Metastatic Pattern Discriminates Survival Benefit of Type of Surgery in Patients With Stage IV Breast Cancer Based on SEER Database.

The role of surgery and surgery type in stage IV breast cancer (BC) is unclear. We carried out a retrospective cohort study that included the data of 4,108 individuals with stage IV BC abstracted from SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results) data resource from 2010 to 2015. The patients were stratified into the non-surgery group, breast-conserving (BCS) surgery group, and mastectomy group.

Cytotoxic Minor Piericidin Derivatives from the Actinomycete Strain SCSIO NS126.

The mangrove-sediment-derived actinomycete strain   SCSIO NS126 was found to have productive piericidin metabolites featuring anti-renal cell carcinoma activities. In this study, in order to explore more diverse piericidin derivatives, and therefore to discover superior anti-tumor lead compounds, the NS126 strain was further fermented at a 300-L scale under optimized fermentation conditions. As a result, eight new minor piericidin derivatives (piericidins L-R (-) and 11-demethyl-glucopiericidin A ()) were obtained, along with glucopiericidin B ().

LXR-Mediated Regulation of Marine-Derived Piericidins Aggravates High-Cholesterol Diet-Induced Cholesterol Metabolism Disorder in Mice.

Reported as two antirenal cell carcinoma (RCC) drug candidates, marine-derived compounds piericidin A (PA) and glucopiericidin A (GPA) exhibit hepatotoxicity in renal carcinoma xenograft mice. Proteomics and transcriptomics reveal the hepatotoxicity related with cholesterol disposition since RCC is characterized by cholesterol accumulation. PA/GPA aggravate hepatotoxicity in high-cholesterol diet (HCD)-fed mice while exhibiting no toxicity in chow diet-fed mice.

Nomogram Predicts the Role of Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy in Male Patients With Unilateral Breast Cancer Based on SEER Database: A Competing Risk Analysis.

Background: Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) in female breast cancer (FBC) is supported by multiple clinical studies and consensus guidelines, but knowledge of preventive contralateral mastectomy in male breast cancer (MaBC) is very limited and its benefits are still controversial.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was enrolled with 4,405 MaBC patients who underwent unilateral mastectomy (UM) or CPM from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 1998 to 2015. A nomogram was built based on the corresponding parameters by competing risks regression to predict the 3-year, 5-year, and 8-year probabilities of BCSD (breast cancer-specific death).

Research on the Role of Combined Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy in Patients With N+ Non-Metastatic Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma: A Competing Risk Analysis Model Based on the SEER database, 2000 to 2015.

Purpose: Due to the rarity of metaplastic breast carcinoma (MpBC), no randomized trials have investigated the role of combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy (CCRP) in this condition. We aimed to explore and identify the effectiveness of CCRP in patients with regional lymph node metastasis (N+) non-metastatic MpBC.

Materials And Methods: Data were obtained from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program database.

Bisabolanoic acid A, a new polychiral sesquiterpene with AChE inhibitory activity from a mangrove-derived fungus sp.

A new polychiral bisabolane sesquiterpene, bisabolanoic acid A (), was isolated from the mangrove-derived fungus sp. SCSIO KcB3-2. Its planar structure was identified on the basis of spectroscopic data analysis (HRESIMS, 1D, and 2D NMR), and the absolute configurations of three chiral carbons were determined by experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and optical rotatory dispersion (ORD), together with Mo(OAc)-induced ECD methods.

Lipopeptide Epimers and a Phthalide Glycerol Ether with AChE Inhibitory Activities from the Marine-Derived Fungus SCSIO41401.

A pair of novel lipopeptide epimers, sinulariapeptides A () and B (), and a new phthalide glycerol ether () were isolated from the marine algal-associated fungus SCSIO41401, together with three known chromanone derivates (-). The structures of the new compounds, including the absolute configurations, were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic methods, experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD), and Mo (OAc)-induced ECD methods. The new compounds - showed moderate inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), with IC values of 1.

A Competing Risk Analysis Model to Determine the Prognostic Value of Isolated Tumor Cells in Axillary Lymph Nodes for T1N0M0 Breast Cancer Patients Based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database.

Introduction: Knowledge of the association between isolated tumor cells (ITCs) in breast cancer patients and the outcome is very limited. We aimed to determine the prognostic value of axillary lymph node ITCs for T1N0M0 female breast cancer (FBC) patients.

Methods: Data for T1N0M0 FBC patients staged ITCs negative [pN0(i-)] and positive [pN0(i+)] were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 2004 to 2015.

An integrative pan-cancer analysis of COPB1 based on data mining.

Background: Cancer will become the leading cause of death worldwide in the 21st century, meanwhile, immunotherapy is the most popular cancer treatment method in recent years. COPI Coat Complex Subunit Beta 1 (COPB1) relates to human innate immunity. However, the role of COPB1 in pan-cancer remains unclear.

Ene-yne Hydroquinones from a Marine-derived Strain of the Fungus with Effects on Liver X Receptor Alpha.

Seven unusual new ene-yne hydroquinones (-, -), including three rare glycosylated derivatives named pestalotioquinosides A-C (-), were obtained from the marine-derived strain SCSIO41403 of the fungus . Their structures including absolute configurations were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and induced electronic circular dichroism experiments. In silico molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance studies showed that pestalotioquinoside C () could act as a liver X receptor alpha (LXRα) modulator.

Antioxidant CPA-type indole alkaloids produced from the deep-sea derived fungus sp. SCSIO 41024.

Twelve indole alkaloids, including α-cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) (), nine 2-oxo indole CPA derivatives (-), and two open-ring indole CPA derivatives ( and ), were isolated from the fermentation broth of a deep-sea derived fungus sp. SCSIO 41024. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated mainly by using extensive NMR spectroscopic, mass spectrometric and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.

Glycosylated Natural Products From Marine Microbes.

A growing body of evidence indicates that glycosylated natural products have become vital platforms for the development of many existing first-line drugs. This review covers 205 new glycosides over the last 22 years (1997-2018), from marine microbes, including bacteria, cyanobacteria, and fungi. Herein, we discuss the structures and biological activities of these compounds, as well as the details of their source organisms.

Sorbicillfurans A and B, two novel sorbicillinoid adducts from the fungus Penicillium citrinum SCSIO41402.

Two novel sorbicillinoid adducts containing bicyclo[2.2.2]octane and tetrahydrofuran moieties, named sorbicillfurans A and B (1 and 2), were isolated from the static culture of the marine-derived fungus Penicillium citrinum SCSIO41402.

Iakyricidins A-D, Antiproliferative Piericidin Analogues Bearing a Carbonyl Group or Cyclic Skeleton from SCSIO NS104.

Iakyricidins A-D (-), a carbonyl-containing piericidin derivative and three novel piericidin analogues bearing cyclic skeletons, were isolated from the mangrove sediment derived strain SCSIO NS104. These structures were established by spectroscopic techniques, Mosher's method, and ECD calculations. Compounds - represent a novel skeleton of piericidins with branched chain C-C cyclization, and their biosynthetic pathways are proposed.

Exploring the Natural Piericidins as Anti-Renal Cell Carcinoma Agents Targeting Peroxiredoxin 1.

Anti-renal cell carcinoma (RCC) agents with new mechanisms of action are urgently needed. Twenty-seven natural products of the piericidin class, including 17 new ones, are obtained from a marine-derived strain, and several of them show strong inhibitory activities against ACHN renal carcinoma cells. By exploring the mechanisms of two representative natural piericidin compounds, piericidin A (PA) and glucopiericidin A (GPA), peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) is detected as a potential target by transcriptome data of PA-treated ACHN cells, as well as the paired RCC tumor versus adjacent nontumor tissues.