Supercoiled DNA percentage: A key in-process control of linear DNA template for mRNA drug substance manufacturing.

The development of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines and therapeutics necessitates the production of high-quality -transcribed mRNA drug substance with specific critical quality attributes (CQAs), which are closely tied to the uniformity of linear DNA template. The supercoiled plasmid DNA is the precursor to the linear DNA template, and the supercoiled DNA percentage is commonly regarded as a key in-process control (IPC) during the manufacturing of linear DNA template. In this study, we investigate the influence of supercoiled DNA percentage on key mRNA CQAs, including purity, capping efficiency, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), and distribution of poly(A) tail.

Molten salt-assisted synthesis of bismuth nanosheets with long-term cyclability at high rates for sodium-ion batteries.

Bismuth is a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to its high capacity and suitable working potential. However, the large volume change during alloying/dealloying would lead to poor cycling performance. Herein, we have constructed a 3D hierarchical structure assembled by bismuth nanosheets, addressing the challenges of fast kinetics, and providing efficient stress and strain relief room.

Gut microbiome modulates Drosophila aggression through octopamine signaling.

Gut microbiome profoundly affects many aspects of host physiology and behaviors. Here we report that gut microbiome modulates aggressive behaviors in Drosophila. We found that germ-free males showed substantial decrease in inter-male aggression, which could be rescued by microbial re-colonization.

Acute and Subchronic Toxicities and Safety Pharmacology Studies of a Bacillus Subtilisin in Dogs.

Subtilisin NAT, a Bacillus subtilisin, is widely applied as a functional food and considered to be one of the most exploitable potential oral thrombolytic agents. Subtilisin QK, another Bacillus subtilisin, is a serine protease fermented by Bacillus subtilis 02 and has a better thrombolytic effect. Therefore, subtilisin QK is typically used for evaluating the safety of Bacillus subtilisins.

Enterococci Mediate the Oviposition Preference of Drosophila melanogaster through Sucrose Catabolism.

Sucrose, one of the main products of photosynthesis in plants, functions as a universal biomarker for nutritional content and maturity of different fruits across diverse ecological niches. Drosophila melanogaster congregates to lay eggs in rotting fruits, yet the factors that influence these decisions remains uncovered. Here, we report that lactic acid bacteria Enterococci are critical modulators to attract Drosophila to lay eggs on decaying food.