Are people living with Huntington's disease experiencing person-centered integrated care?

Huntington's disease (HD) is among the most complex long-term neurological conditions, necessitating care and management from multiple partners within and beyond the health sector. However, there is a paucity of evidence describing how individuals receive this multifaceted care and whether current care provision adequately meets their needs. To understand if current care provision is meeting the complex needs of people living with HD in England and assess their perceived need for integrated care.

Improving polygenic prediction from summary data by learning patterns of effect sharing across multiple phenotypes.

Polygenic prediction of complex trait phenotypes has become important in human genetics, especially in the context of precision medicine. Recently, mr.mash, a flexible and computationally efficient method that models multiple phenotypes jointly and leverages sharing of effects across such phenotypes to improve prediction accuracy, was introduced.

Effects of E-Cigarettes on Combustible Cigarette Smoking Among Adults with Opioid Use Disorder on Buprenorphine: Single Arm ERASER Pilot Trial.

Introduction: People with opioid use disorder (OUD) on buprenorphine smoke at high rates and have low cessation rates, even with evidence-based medications. Electronic cigarettes (EC) are a promising harm reduction strategy for combusted cigarette (CC) smokers unable to quit. Unfortunately, people with OUD are underrepresented in EC research.

Association of preoperative to postoperative change in cerebrospinal fluid fibrinogen with postoperative delirium.

Background: We aimed to assess perioperative changes in fibrinogen in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), their association with markers of blood-brain barrier breakdown and neuroinflammation, and their association with postoperative delirium severity.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of the Interventions for Postoperative Delirium-Biomarker 2 (IPOD-B2, NCT02926417) study, a prospective observational cohort study. We included 24 patients aged >21 yr undergoing aortic aneurysm repair.

Effect of β-caryophyllene on Sperm Cryopreservation.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of β-caryophyllene (BC) supplementation in the extender on the post-cryopreservation quality of semen from Dorper rams.

Methods: Six Dorper rams were utilized for semen collection over 16 weeks, with BC concentrations determined via the MTT test. Animals were divided into a control group and three treatment groups receiving BC at concentrations of 1.

Person-centred integrated care for people living with Parkinson's, Huntington's and Multiple Sclerosis: A systematic review.

Introduction: People living with long-term neurological conditions (LTNCs) have complex needs that demand intensive care coordination between sectors. This review aimed to establish if integrated care improves outcomes for people, and what characterises successful interventions.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature was undertaken evaluating multisectoral integrated care interventions in people living with Parkinson's disease (PD), Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Huntington's disease (HD).

Psychosocial determinants of adolescents' attitudes toward disclosing dating violence.

This study combined a person-oriented approach with a psychosocial framework of help-seeking to examine factors associated with the intent to disclose dating violence among developing adolescents. Data came from adolescents in middle and high school in a rural area in the southeastern United States, who were surveyed annually for 4 years ( = 580; = 13 years, = 1.48; 52.

Intestinal Permeability, Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Constipation, and the Role of Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger Isoform 3 (NHE3).

Increased intestinal permeability has been identified as one of the many pathophysiological factors associated with the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a common disorder of gut-brain interaction. The layer of epithelial cells that lines the intestine is permeable to a limited degree, and the amount of paracellular permeability is tightly controlled to enable the absorption of ions, nutrients, and water from the lumen. Increased intestinal permeability to macromolecules can be triggered by a variety of insults, including infections, toxins from food poisoning, or allergens, which in turn cause an inflammatory response and are associated with abdominal pain in patients with IBS.

Improving polygenic prediction from summary data by learning patterns of effect sharing across multiple phenotypes.

Polygenic prediction of complex trait phenotypes has become important in human genetics, especially in the context of precision medicine. Recently, Morgante . introduced , a flexible and computationally efficient method that models multiple phenotypes jointly and leverages sharing of effects across such phenotypes to improve prediction accuracy.

Protocol to characterize immune cell subpopulations in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neuroinflammatory diseases using mass cytometry.

Phenotypic and compositional changes of immune cells in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can be used as biomarkers to help diagnose and track disease activity for neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we present a workflow to perform high-dimensional immune profiling at single-cell resolution using cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF) on cells isolated from the CSF of patients with neuroinflammation. We describe steps for sample collection and preparation, barcoding to allow for multiplexing, and downstream data analysis using R.

A Multidisciplinary Assessment of ChatGPT's Knowledge of Amyloidosis: Observational Study.

Background: Amyloidosis, a rare multisystem condition, often requires complex, multidisciplinary care. Its low prevalence underscores the importance of efforts to ensure the availability of high-quality patient education materials for better outcomes. ChatGPT (OpenAI) is a large language model powered by artificial intelligence that offers a potential avenue for disseminating accurate, reliable, and accessible educational resources for both patients and providers.

Performance of Febrile Infant Decision Tools on Hypothermic Infants Evaluated for Infection.

Background: Given the lack of evidence-based guidelines for hypothermic infants, providers may be inclined to use febrile infant decision-making tools to guide management decisions. Our objective was to assess the diagnostic performance of febrile infant decision tools for identifying hypothermic infants at low risk of bacterial infection.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of a retrospective cohort study of hypothermic (≤36.

Exploring the aperiodic nature of parasympathetic activity during sleep in idiopathic gastroparesis.

The parasympathetic nervous system is necessary to regulate both sleep and digestion. Investigating abnormalities during the controlled setting of sleep can shed light on digestion, specifically for patients with idiopathic gastroparesis. In this study, we specifically investigate heartbeat-derived parasympathetic activity during sleep at very low frequencies, relevant to sleep cycle regulation.

Associations of myeloid cells with cellular and humoral responses following vaccinations in patients with neuroimmunological diseases.

Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) are widely used in neuroimmunological diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Although these treatments are known to predispose patients to infections and affect their responses to vaccination, little is known about the impact of DMTs on the myeloid cell compartment. In this study, we use mass cytometry to examine DMT-associated changes in the innate immune system in untreated and treated patients with MS (n = 39) or NMOSD (n = 23).

Cardiomyocyte precursors generated by direct reprogramming and molecular beacon selection attenuate ventricular remodeling after experimental myocardial infarction.

Background: Direct cardiac reprogramming is currently being investigated for the generation of cells with a true cardiomyocyte (CM) phenotype. Based on the original approach of cardiac transcription factor-induced reprogramming of fibroblasts into CM-like cells, various modifications of that strategy have been developed. However, they uniformly suffer from poor reprogramming efficacy and a lack of translational tools for target cell expansion and purification.

Immune signatures of checkpoint inhibitor-induced autoimmunity-A focus on neurotoxicity.

Background: Neurologic immune-related adverse events (irAE-n) are rare but severe toxicities of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment. To overcome diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, a better mechanistic understanding of irAE-n is paramount.

Methods: In this observational cohort study, we collected serum and peripheral blood samples from 34 consecutive cancer patients with irAE-n (during acute illness) and 49 cancer control patients without irAE-n (pre- and on-ICI treatment, n = 44 without high-grade irAEs, n = 5 with high-grade nonneurologic irAEs).

Resolution of elevated interleukin-6 after surgery is associated with return of normal cognitive function.

Background: Unresolved surgical inflammation might induce chronic cognitive decline in older adults. Although inflammatory biomarkers have been correlated with perioperative cognitive impairment and delirium, the effects of prolonged inflammation on cognition are not well studied. This prospective cohort study investigated 1-yr dynamics in plasma interleukin-6 levels and executive function.

Exploring the Gut-Brain Connection in Gastroparesis With Autonomic and Gastric Myoelectric Monitoring.

Objective: The goal of this study was to identify autonomic and gastric myoelectric biomarkers from throughout the day that differentiate patients with gastroparesis, diabetics without gastroparesis, and healthy controls, while providing insight into etiology.

Methods: We collected 19 24-hour recordings of electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrogastrogram (EGG) data from healthy controls and patients with diabetic or idiopathic gastroparesis. We used physiologically and statistically rigorous models to extract autonomic and gastric myoelectric information from the ECG and EGG data, respectively.

Optimizing the Utility of Anorectal Manometry for Diagnosis and Therapy: A Roundtable Review and Recommendations.

Background & Aims: Anorectal manometry (ARM) is a comprehensive diagnostic tool for evaluating patients with constipation, fecal incontinence, or anorectal pain; however, it is not widely utilized for reasons that remain unclear. The aim of this roundtable discussion was to critically examine the current clinical practices of ARM and biofeedback therapy by physicians and surgeons in both academic and community settings.

Methods: Leaders in medical and surgical gastroenterology and physical therapy with interest in anorectal disorders were surveyed regarding practice patterns and utilization of these technologies.

Creating Case Studies for Digital Health and Technology Competency in Nursing.

Background: Nursing programs and their faculty must ensure that graduates have the informatics, digital health, and health care technologies competencies needed by health systems.

Problem: A gap exists in nursing faculty knowledge, skills, and abilities for incorporating informatics, digital health, and technologies across curricula because of low focus on this area in faculty development initiatives and rapid adoption and evolution of technologies in health care systems.

Approach: The Nursing Knowledge Big Data Science initiative Education Subgroup used a process to create case studies for including informatics, digital health, and the concomitant clinical reasoning/critical thinking competencies across curricula.

Prospective analysis of plasma amyloid beta and postoperative delirium in the Interventions for Postoperative Delirium: Biomarker-3 study.

Background: The effect of postoperative delirium on the amyloid cascade of Alzheimer's dementia is poorly understood. Using early postoperative plasma biomarkers, we explored whether surgery and delirium are associated with changes in amyloid pathways.

Methods: We analysed data from 100 participants in the Interventions for Postoperative Delirium: Biomarker-3 (IPOD-B3) cohort study in the USA (NCT03124303 and NCT01980511), which recruited participants aged >65 yr undergoing non-intracranial surgery.

Efficacy and safety of olorinab, a full agonist of the cannabinoid receptor 2, for the treatment of abdominal pain in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: Results from a phase 2b randomized placebo-controlled trial (CAPTIVATE).

Background: Olorinab is a highly selective, peripherally acting, full agonist of cannabinoid receptor 2. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of olorinab to treat abdominal pain in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) and constipation (IBS-C).

Methods: CAPTIVATE was a phase 2b, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial.

Perioperative ischaemic brain injury and plasma neurofilament light: a secondary analysis of two prospective cohort studies.

Background: Ischaemic brain infarction can occur without acute neurological symptoms (covert strokes) or with symptoms (overt strokes), both associated with poor health outcomes. We conducted a pilot study of the incidence of preoperative and postoperative (intraoperative or postoperative) covert strokes, and explored the relationship of postoperative ischaemic brain injury to blood levels of neurofilament light, a biomarker of neuronal damage.

Methods: We analysed 101 preoperative (within 2 weeks of surgery) and 58 postoperative research MRIs on postoperative days 2-9 from two prospective cohorts collected at the University of Wisconsin (NCT01980511 and NCT03124303).