[THE RISK AND MANAGEMENT OF RADIATION INDUCED CYSTITIS AFTER RADIOTHERAPY FOR PROSTATE CANCER].

(Objectives) Radiation induced cystitis (RC) is one of the toxicities we must often treat after radiation therapy for prostate cancer.Some patients require urinary diversion with or without cystectomy.We evaluated the clinical risks and management of RC.

[LAPAROSCOPIC RADICAL NEPHRECTOMY FOR LARGE RENAL CELL CARCINOMA: RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF SAFETY AND ONCOLOGICAL OUTCOME].

(Objectives) To evaluate the safety and oncologic efficacy of laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN) for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) >7 cm, we retrospectively reviewed the clinical outcome and long-term cancer control of patients who underwent LRN in comparison to open radical nephrectomy (ORN). (Patients and methods) The clinical records of 79 patients with RCC >7 cm, who underwent radical nephrectomy (37 LRN; 42 ORN) between 1993 and 2014, were reviewed. (Results) The 2 groups (LRN and ORN) were comparable regarding age, body mass index and mean tumor size (86.

Active surveillance criteria for prostate cancer: can they be applied to Japanese patients?

Prostate-specific antigen screening has significantly increased the percentage of men who are diagnosed with low-risk prostate cancer. All men undergoing retropubic radical prostatectomy for primary treatment of prostate cancer from April 2004 to September 2010 in our hospital were examined in order to determine whether active surveillance criteria could be applied to Japanese men. From pathological data of prostate biopsies, whether these men met five published criteria for active surveillance (Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Prostate Cancer Research International: Active Surveillance Study, University of California, San Francisco, Toronto and Kakehi criteria) was evaluated.

Evaluation of docetaxel plus estramustine in the treatment of patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer.

Objectives: To investigate the feasibility and efficacy of docetaxel-based chemotherapy in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC).

Methods: Forty-six consecutive HRPC patients treated between January 2003 and March 2008 were included in this analysis. Docetaxel was given at a dose of 35 mg/m(2) twice every 3 weeks and oral estramustine concurrently for three consecutive days during weeks 1 and 2 of each cycle.

Neuroendocrine differentiation in stage D2 prostate cancers.

Objectives: Chromogranin A (CgA) and neuro-specific enolase (NSE) are gaining acceptance as markers of several types of neuroendocrine tumors and the concentration of CgA and NSE have been reported to be elevated in relation to neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer. The aim of the present study was to examine the correlation between the immunohistochemical (IHC) findings and serum value for CgA and NSE in untreated stage D(2) prostate cancer patients.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry was carried out using antibodies against CgA and NSE in 58 patients and, pretreatment serum CgA and NSE levels were measured by monoclonal immunoradiometric assay in 18 patients with stage D(2) prostate cancer treated by androgen ablation.

Low dose tamsulosin for stone expulsion after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: efficacy in Japanese male patients with ureteral stone.

Objective: We evaluated the efficacy of low dose tamsulosin after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) in Japanese male patients with ureteral stone.

Methods: One hundred and two Japanese male patients with ureteral stones who underwent ESWL were randomly divided into three groups. Group A (38 patients) was given tamsulosin (0.

Clinical characteristics of aldosterone-producing microadenoma, macroadenoma, and idiopathic hyperaldosteronism in 93 patients with primary aldosteronism.

Primary aldosteronism (PA) due to aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) is a form of surgically curable secondary hypertension, and distinguishing APA from idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA) is important for treatment. We made a differential diagnosis between APA and IHA using imaging tests such as adrenal CT and MRI as well as adrenal venous sampling (AVS) in all 93 cases of PA presenting at our institutions over the last decade. We identified 27 patients with aldosterone-producing microadenoma (APmicroA), all of whom could be diagnosed by AVS but not by the imaging tests.

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy in patients with large adrenal tumors.

Objectives: The maximum size of adrenal tumors that should be removed by laparoscopic adrenalectomy is controversial. We conducted a retrospective comparison of the results of laparoscopic adrenalectomy between patients with adrenal tumors > or =6 cm ('large tumors') and patients with adrenal tumors <6 cm ('small tumors').

Methods: The participants in the study were 16 patients with large tumors and 111 patients with small tumors.

Efficacy and safety of laparoscopic surgery for pheochromocytoma.

Objective: Laparoscopic surgery for primary aldosteronoma and Cushing's syndrome is well established. We report on our experiences with laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma, and assess the efficacy and safety of the laparoscopic approach.

Methods: Between April 1998 and April 2003, a total of 23 patients underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma at Chiba University Hospital and Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Japan.

Prospective study on the prevalence of secondary hypertension among hypertensive patients visiting a general outpatient clinic in Japan.

Secondary hypertension (SH) including endocrine hypertension has been reported to be uncommon. We estimated the prevalence of SH among hypertensive patients. We prospectively studied 1,020 hypertensive patients.

[Silicate calculi: report of four cases].

Among four patients with silicate calculi, stones were spontaneously discharged in two and after extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy in two. Two of them had a history of taking magnesium silicate. Thirty two cases of silicate calculi previously reported in the Japanese literature were reviewed.

Unique cases of unilateral hyperaldosteronemia due to multiple adrenocortical micronodules, which can only be detected by selective adrenal venous sampling.

Primary aldosteronism is classified as aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA), idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA), unilateral adrenal hyperplasia (UAH), primary adrenal hyperplasia (PAH), adrenal cancer, and glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism. We describe here 4 cases of primary aldosteronism due to unilateral hyperaldosteronemia, demonstrating unique histopathologic findings, such as unilateral multiple adrenocortical micronodules in the affected adrenals. Thirty-three patients with primary aldosteronism were consecutively admitted; 27 of them were treated by unilateral adrenalectomy.